Oral contraceptives and cancer: An update

Drug Safety

Volumn 24, Issue 10, 2001, Pages 741-754

  La Vecchia, C ^a   Altieri, A ^a   Franceschi, S ^a   Tavani, A ^a  

^a MARIO NEGRI INSTITUTE FOR PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE AGENT;

BREAST CANCER; CANCER RISK; CARCINOGENESIS; CLINICAL TRIAL; COLORECTAL CANCER; CORRELATION FUNCTION; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DRUG INDUCED CANCER; DRUG SAFETY; ENDOMETRIUM CANCER; HIGH RISK PATIENT; HUMAN; LIVER CANCER; OVARY CANCER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; UTERINE CERVIX CANCER; WART VIRUS;

CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; COHORT STUDIES; CONTRACEPTIVES, ORAL, HORMONAL; FEMALE; HUMANS; META-ANALYSIS; NEOPLASMS; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 0034854584     PISSN: 01145916     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2165/00002018-200124100-00003     Document Type: Review

References (113)

1. Mortality associated with oral contraceptive use: 25 Year follow up of cohort of 46000 women from Royal College of General Practitioners' oral contraception study
2. The viral origin of cervical cancer in Rabat, Morocco
3. The risk of cervical cancer in relation to hormonal contraceptives in women that are HPV-DNA carriers. Pooled analysis of the IARC multicentric case-control study
4. Oral contraceptives as risk factors for cervical adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas
5. Oral contraceptives and invasive adenocarcinomas and adenosquamous carcinomas of the uterine cervix
6. Time since last use of oral contraceptives and risk of invasive cervical cancer
7. Oral contraceptive use and risk of colorectal cancer
8. Sex differences in colorectal cancer mortality in Europe, 1955-1966
9. The epidemiology of ovarian cancer: A population-based study in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1935-1991
10. Risk of ovarian cancer in relation to estrogen and progestin dose and use characteristics of oral contraceptives
11. Risk factors for ovarian cancer in central Italy
12. Oral contraceptives and the risk of hereditary ovarian cancer
13. Reproductive and hormonal factors and ovarian cancer
14. Use of oral contraceptives and endometrial cancer risk (Sweden)
15. Diet in the epidemiology of endometrial cancer in Western New York (United States)
16. Oral contraceptives and liver cancer
17. A pooled analysis of case-control studies of thyroid cancer. III: Oral contraceptives, menopausal replacement therapy and other female hormones
18. Oral contraceptives and cancer: A review of the evidence
19. Breast cancer and hormonal contraceptives: Collaborative reanalysis of individual data on 53297 women with breast cancer and 100239 women without breast cancer from 54 epidemiological studies
20. Risk of breast cancer with oral contraceptive use in women with a family history of breast cancer
21. Oral contraceptives, menopausal estrogens, and the risk of breast cancer: A case-control study in Greece
22. Oral contraceptives, menopausal hormone replacement treatment and breast cancer risk
23. Recent oral contraceptive use and risk of breast cancer (United States)
24. Oral contraceptive use at a young age and the risk of breast cancer: An Icelandic, population-based cohort study of the effect of birth year
25. The role of reproductive factors and use of oral contraceptives in the aetiology of breast cancer in women age 50 to 74 years
26. Breast cancer and oral contraceptive use in Asian-American women
27. Long-term oral contraceptive use increases breast cancer risk in women over 55 years of age: The DOM cohort
28. Risk of breast cancer in relation to the use of injectable progestogen contraceptives and combined estrogen/progestogen contraceptives
29. Human papillomavirus is a necessary cause of invasive cervical cancer worldwide
30. The relationship of human papillomavirus-related cervical tumors to cigarette smoking, oral contraceptive use, and prior herpes simplex virus type 2 infection
31. Causes of cervical cancer in the Philippines: A case-control study
32. Risk factors for cervical cancer in Thailand: A case-control study
33. Sexual behaviour and smoking as determinants of cervical HPV infection and of CIN3 among those infected: A case-control study nested within the Manchester cohort
34. International trends in the incidence of cervical cancer: I, adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous cell carcinomas
35. The long-term impact of oral contraceptives on ovarian and endometrial carcinogenesis
36. Combination oral contraceptive use and the risk of endometrial cancer
37. Recency, duration and progestin content or oral contraceptives in relation to the incidence of endometrial cancer (Washington, USA)
38. Oral contraceptives and the risk of endometrial cancer
39. Risk factors among young women with endometrial cancer: A Danish case-control study
40. The epidemiology of ovarian cancer
41. Trends of cancer mortality in Europe, 1955-1989. III: Breast and genital sites
42. Cancer mortality in Europe: Effects of age, cohort of birth and period of death
43. Oral contraceptives and ovarian cancer
44. Oral contraceptive use and breast and ovarian cancer mortality in Switzerland
45. The effects of oral contraceptives and parity on ovarian cancer trends in women under 55 years of age
46. Parity, age at first childbirth, and risk of ovarian cancer
47. Recent trends in incidence of and mortality from breast, ovarian and endometrial cancers in England and Wales and their relation to changing fertility and oral contraceptive use
48. Ovarian cancer incidence (1989-1991) and mortality (1954-1993) in the Netherland
49. Cancer mortality in Europe, 1990-94, and an overview of trends from 1955 to 1994
50. Age-period-cohort analyses of breast-, ovarian, endometrial- and cervical-cancer mortality rates for Caucasian women in the USA
51. Endometrial and ovarian cancer and oral contraceptives: Findings in a large cohort study
52. A prospective study of reproductive factors and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer
53. Oral contraceptive use and malignancies of the genital tract: Results of the Royal College of General Practitioners' oral contraception study
54. Oral contraceptives and risk of ovarian cancer
55. An epidemiologic study of epithelial carcinoma of the ovary
56. Incidence of ovarian cancer in relation to the use of oral contraceptives
57. Factors affecting the association of oral contraceptives and ovarian cancer
58. A case-control study of oral contraceptive use and invasive epithelial ovarian cancer
59. Events of reproductive life and the incidence of epithelial ovarian cancer
60. The epidemiology of ovarian cancer in Greece: A case-control study
61. Case-control study of borderline ovarian tumors: Reproductive history and exposure to exogenous female hormones
62. Personal and environmental characteristics related to epithelial ovarian cancer. I: Reproductive and menstrual events and oral contraceptive use
63. Population-based case-control study of ovarian cancer in Shangai
64. Epithelial ovarian cancer combined oral contraceptives
65. A case-control study of epithelial ovarian cancer
66. Risk factors for ovarian cancer: A case-control study
67. Oral contraceptives use and the risk of ovarian cancer: An Italian case-control study
68. Risk factors for epithelial ovarian tumours of borderline malignancy
69. Reproductive variables, tobacco, ethanol, coffee and somatometry as risk factors for ovarian cancer
70. Epithelial ovarian cancer and combination oral contraceptives
71. Parity, contraception, infertility, and the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer
72. Differences in risk factors for epithelial ovarian cancer by histologic type. Results of a case-control study
73. Reproductive and other factors and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer: An Australian case-control study
74. Pooled analysis of 3 European case-control studies of epithelial ovarian cancer. III: Oral contraceptive use
75. Characteristics relating to ovarian cancer risk: Collaborative analysis of 12 US case-control studies. II: Invasive epithelial ovarian cancers in white women
76. Characteristics relating to ovarian cancer risk: Collaborative analysis of seven U.S. case-control studies. Epithelial ovarian cancer in black women
77. Characteristics relating to ovarian cancer risk Collaborative analysis of 12 US case-control studies. III: Epithelial tumors of low malignant potential in white women
78. Package inserts of oral contraceptives in Italy
79. Characteristics relating to ovarian cancer risk: Collaborative Analysis of 12 U.S. case-control Studies. VI: Nonepithelial cancers among adults
80. Risk factors for endometrioid, mucinous and serous benign ovarian cysts
81. A case-control study of benign ovarian tumours
82. Benign ovarian teratomas: A population-based case-control study
83. Risk factors for benign ovarian teratomas
84. High-dose low-dose combined oral contraceptives: Protection against epithelial ovarian cancer and the length of the protective effect
85. Genetic factors related to racial variation in plasma levels of insulin-like growth factor-1: Implications for premenopausal breast cancer risk
86. Cell lines derived from human ovarian carcinomas: Growth stimulation by gonadotropic and steroid hormones
87. Hormonal therapy for menopause and ovarian cancer in a collaborative re-analysis of European studies
88. The estimated effect of oral contraceptive use on the cumulative risk of epithelial ovarian cancer
89. Cancer mortality among nuns: Role of marital status in etiology of neoplastic disease in women
90. A meta-analysis of hormone replacement therapy and colon cancer in women
91. Oral contraceptives and colorectal cancer risk: A meta-analysis
92. Incidence of cancer of the large bowel in women in relation to reproductive and hormonal factors
93. Large bowel cancer in women in relation to reproductive and hormonal factors: A case-control study
94. A case-control study of large bowel cancer and hormone exposure in women
95. Oral contraceptive use does not protect against large bowel cancer
96. Reproductive factors and colorectal cancer risk among Chinese females
97. Oral contraceptives, hormone replacement therapy and the risk of colorectal cancer
98. The influence of reproductive and hormonal factors on the risk of colon and rectal cancer in women
99. A prospective study of reproductive factors, oral contraceptive use, and risk of colorectal cancer
100. Reproductive factors, oral contraceptive use, a risk of colorectal cancer
101. Age at menopause, body mass index, and the risk of colorectal cancer mortality in the Dutch Diagnostisch Onderzoeck Mammacarcinoom (DOM) cohort
102. Host factors in carcinogenesis: Certain bile-acid metabolis profiles that selectively increase the risk of proximal colon cancer
103. The effects of steroid hormones on a human colon cancer cell line in vitro
104. The presence of functional estrogen receptors in intestinal epithelial cells
105. Methylation of the oestrogen receptor CpG island links ageing and neoplasia in human colon
106. Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) serum level modifications during transdermal estradiol treatment in postmenopausal women: A possible bimodal effect depending on basal IGF-I values
107. Alterations in serum levels of insulin-like growth factors and insulin-like growth-factor-binding proteins in patients with colorectal cancer
108. A prospective study of plasma insulin-like growth factor-1 and binding protein-3 and risk of colorectal neoplasia in women
109. Colorectal cancer: Molecules and populations
110. Oral contraceptives, cancer and vascular disease