Restenosis drug discovery - A formidable task

Current Opinion in Investigational Drugs

Volumn 2, Issue 9, 2001, Pages 1237-1246

  Meng, C Q ^a  

^a AtheroGenics Inc   (United States)

Author keywords

Antioxidant; Neointima formation; Remodeling; Restenosis

Indexed keywords

3 (4,4' DIMETHOXYBENZHYDRYLIDENE) 2 INDOLINONE; 4,6 DI TERT BUTYL 2,3 DIHYDRO 5 HYDROXY 2,2 DIPENTYLBENZOFURAN; ABCIXIMAB; ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ANTICOAGULANT AGENT; ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; ANTILIPEMIC AGENT; ANTIOXIDANT; ANTITHROMBOCYTIC AGENT; CILOSTAZOL; CIPROSTENE; ENOXAPARIN; EPTIFIBATIDE; FIBRINOGEN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; HEPARIN DERIVATIVE; LAMIFIBAN; LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT HEPARIN; PACLITAXEL; PEMIROLAST; PROBUCOL; PROSTACYCLIN; PROSTACYCLIN DERIVATIVE; RAPAMYCIN; SIBRAFIBAN; SULOTROBAN; THROMBOXANE A2 RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; TICLOPIDINE; TIROFIBAN; TRANILAST; TRAPIDIL; U 86983; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; UNINDEXED DRUG; VAPIPROST;

ALLERGIC RHINITIS; ANGIOPLASTY; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; ASTHMA; ATOPIC DERMATITIS; BLEEDING; CELL PROLIFERATION; CLINICAL TRIAL; DRUG BIOAVAILABILITY; DRUG DESIGN; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG HALF LIFE; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG STRUCTURE; HUMAN; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE TREATMENT; INTIMA; ISCHEMIA; NONHUMAN; PERCUTANEOUS TRANSLUMINAL ANGIOPLASTY; RESTENOSIS; REVIEW; STENT; STRUCTURE ANALYSIS;

ANIMALS; ANTICHOLESTEREMIC AGENTS; ANTICOAGULANTS; CARDIOVASCULAR AGENTS; GRAFT OCCLUSION, VASCULAR; HEPARIN; HUMANS; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS; MUSCLE, SMOOTH, VASCULAR; PLATELET AGGREGATION INHIBITORS; PROBUCOL;

EID: 0034836316     PISSN: 09678298     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (180)

1. Pharmacology of atherosclerosis
2. The primary prevention of myocardial infarction
3. Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty: Current status and future trends
4. Factors affecting the restenosis rate after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
5. Restenosis after successful coronary artery angioplasty
6. Restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
7. The future of saphenous vein as coronary artery conduit
8. Trials comparing artery bypass grafting with percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and primary stent implantation in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease
9. Saphenous vein graft failure: Etiologic considerations and strategies for prevention
10. Prostaglandins in percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
11. Balloon angioplasty: A natural history of the pathophysiological response to injury in a pig model
12. The biology of saphenous vein graft occlusion: Etiology and strategies for prevention
13. Pathology of intimal hyperplasia
14. Myointimal hyperplasia
15. Kinetics of cellular proliferation after arterial injury
16. An overview of intimal hyperplasia
17. Cellular mechanisms in the development of intimal hyperplasia: An overview
18. Syndromes of accelerated atherosclerosis: Role of vascular injury and smooth muscle cell proliferation
19. Prevention of stenosis after vascular reconstruction. Pharmacologic control of intimal hyperplasia - A review
20. Transluminal angioplasty: Correlation of morphological and angiographic findings in an experimental model
21. The mechanism of balloon angioplasty
22. Arterial changes after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty: Results at autopsy
23. Vessel plaque and lumen morphology after transluminal balloon angioplasty: Quantitative study in distented arteries
24. Arterial disruption and remodeling following balloon dilatation
25. Angiographic changes produced by percutaneous transluminal angioplasty
26. Significance of quiescent smooth muscle migration in the injured rat carotid artery
27. Migration of smooth muscle and endothelial cells. Critical events in restenosis
28. Artery size, neointima, and remodeling: Time for some standards
29. Differences in compensatory vessel enlargement, not intimal formation, account for restenosis after angioplasty in the hypercholesterolemic rabbit model
30. Arterial remodeling after coronary angioplasty: A serial intravascular ultrasound study
31. Intravascular ultrasound insights into mechanisms of stenosis formation and restenosis
32. Geometric remodeling and intimal regrowth as mechanisms of restenosis: Observations from Serial Ultrasound Analysis of Restenosis (SURE) trial
33. Small stent size and intimal hyperplasia contribute to restenosis: A volumetric intravascular ultrasound analysis
34. Patterns and mechanisms of in-stent restenosis. A serial intravascular ultrasound study
35. Mechanisms and results of balloon angioplasty for the treatment of in-stent restenosis
36. Serial intravascular ultrasound studies indicate that chronic recoil is an important mechanism following transcatheter therapy
37. Vascular remodeling. Honey I think I shrunk the artery
38. Quantitative assessment with intracoronary ultrasound of the mechanisms of restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and directional coronary atherectomy
39. Atherosclerosis in the Masai
40. Compensatory enlargement of human atherosclerotic coronary arteries
41. Differential enlargement of artery segments in response to enlarging atherosclerotic plaques
42. Remodeling of coronary arteries in human and nonhuman primates
43. Coronary arterial remodeling studied by high-frequency epicardial echocardiography: An early compensatory mechanism in patients with obstructive coronary atherosclerosis
44. Geometric remodeling is the predominant of late lumen loss after coronary angioplasty
45. The relative importance of arterial remodeling compared with intimal hyperplasia in lumen renarrowing after balloon angioplasty. A study in the normal rabbit and the hypercholesterolemic Yucatan micropig
46. Arterial remodeling in atherosclerosis and restenosis: A vague concept of a distinct phenomenon
47. Restenosis after experimental angioplasty. Intima, medial, and adventitial changes associated with constrictive remodeling
48. Geometric remodeling is not the principal pathogenetic process in restenosis after balloon angioplasty. Evidence from correlative angiographic-hostomorphometric studies of atherosclerotic arteries in rabbits
49. Arterial remodeling after experimental percutaneous injury is highly dependent on adventitial injury and histopathology
50. Frontiers in interventional cardiology
51. A comparison of balloon expandable-stent implantation with balloon angioplasty in patients with coronary artery disease
52. A randomized comparison of coronary stent placement and balloon angioplasty in the treatment of coronary artery disease
53. The stentor and the sea change
54. Restenosis: A challenge for pharmacology
55. Pharmacological approaches for the prevention of restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention
56. Eicosanoids, fatty acids and restenosis following coronary artery bypass graft surgery and balloon angioplasty
57. Acute effects of transluminal angioplasty in three experimental models of atherosclerosis
58. Role of platelet-inhibitor agents in coronary artery disease
59. Characterization of the relative thrombogenicity of atherosclerotic plaque components: Implication for plaque rupture
60. Platelet activation during coronary angioplasty in humans
61. Importance of antithrombin therapy during coronary angioplasty
62. The role of platelets, thrombin and hyperplasia in restenosis after coronary angioplasty
63. Platelet-derived growth factor promotes smooth muscle migration and intimal thickening in a rat model of balloon angioplasty
64. Aspirin and dipyridamole in the prevention of acute coronary thrombosis complicating coronary angioplasty
65. Aspirin and dipyridamole in the prevention of restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
66. Effects of low-dose aspirin on restenosis after coronary angioplasty
67. Antiplatelet agents are effective in reducing the acute ischemic complications of angioplasty but do not prevent restenosis: Results from the ticlopidine trial
68. Novel approaches for the prevention of restenosis
69. Intracoronary stenting without anticoagulation accomplished with intravascular ultrasound guidance
70. Restenosis after coronary stent placement and randomization to a 4-week combined antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy. Six-month angiographic follow-up of the intracoronary stenting and antithrombotic regiment (ISAR) trial
71. The effects of ticlopidine administration at low doses on the incidence of restenosis following percutaneous coronary angioplasty
72. Prevention of restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)
73. 2 receptor blocker to reduce adverse clinical events after coronary angioplasty
74. Role of vasodilatory prostaglandins in mitogenesis of vascular smooth muscle cells
75. 2) to inhibit platelet aggregation and to prevent restenosis after coronary angioplasty: Results of a randomized placebo controlled trial
76. Beneficial effects of ciprostene in PTCA: A multicenter, randomized, controlled trial
77. Effects of ciprostene on restenosis rate during therapeutic transluminal angioplasty
78. Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptors in cardiovascular medicine
79. Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor blockade in coronary artery disease
80. Pharmacodynamic profile of short-term abciximab treatment demonstrates prolonged platelet inhibition with gradual recovery from GP IIb/IIIa receptor blockade
81. Blockade of platelet GP IIb/IIIa receptors as an antithrombotic strategy
82. Pharmacodynamics of chimeric glycoprotein IIb/IIIa integrin antiplatelet antibody Fab 7E3 in high-risk coronary artery angioplasty
83. Differential inhibition of platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate or a thrombin receptor-activating peptide in patients treated with bolus chimeric 7E3 Fab: Implications for inhibition of the internal pool of GP IIb/IIIa receptors
84. Trials of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists during percutaneous coronary interventions
85. Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor blockade with coronary stent placement
86. Randomized placebo-controlled and balloon-angioplasty-controlled trial to assess safety of coronary stenting with use of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa blockade
87. Effect of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor blockade with abciximab on clinical and angiographic restenosis rate after the placement of coronary stents following acute myocardial infarction
88. Inhibition of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa with eptifibatide in patients with acute coronary syndromes
89. International, randomized, controlled trial of lamifiban, a platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor, heparin, or both in unstable angina
90. Inhibition of the platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor with tirofiban in unstable angina and non-Q-wave myocardial infarction
91. Comparison of sibrafiban with aspirin for prevention of cardiovascular events after acute coronary syndromes: A randomized trial
92. Thrombogenicity of the injured vessel wall - Role of antithrombin and heparin
93. Antithrombin III inhibits thrombin-induced proliferation in human arterial smooth muscle cells
94. Influence of heparin therapy on percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty outcome in unstable angina pectoris
95. The relationship of anticoagulation level and complications after successful percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
96. Influence of heparin therapy on percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty outcome in patients with coronary arterial thrombus
97. Effect of 18- to 24-hour heparin administration for prevention of restenosis after complicated coronary angioplasty
98. Paradoxical increase in restenosis rate with chronic heparin use: Final results of a randomized trial
99. Bioavailability and antagonization of the low molecular weight heparin CY 216 in man
100. Heparin interactions with cultured human vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells: Incidence on vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation
101. Low molecular weight heparin in prevention of restenosis after angioplasty. Results of Enoxaparin Restenosis (ERA) trial
102. Fish oil and low-molecular-weight heparin for the reduction of restenosis after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty. The EMPAR study
103. Low-molecular-weight heparin (reviparin) in percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty: Results of a randomized, double-blind, unfractioned heparin and placebo-controlled, multicenter trial (REDUCE)
104. Effect of nadroparin, a low-molecular-weight heparin, on clinical and angiographic restenosis after coronary balloon angioplasty. The FACT study
105. Recombinant platelet-derived growth factor B gene expression in porcine arteries induces intimal hyperplasia in vivo
106. Inhibition of neointimal smooth muscle accumulation after angioplasty by an antibody to PDGF
107. Inhibition of PDGF receptor binding and PDGF-stimulated biological activity in vitro and of intimal lesion formation in vivo by 2-bromomethyl-5-chlorobenzenesulfonyl-phthalamide
108. Inhibition of PDGF- and TGF-β1-induced collagen synthesis, migration and proliferation by tranilast in vascular smooth muscle cells from spontaneously hypertensive rats
109. Suppressive effects of tranilast on the expression of inducible cyclooxygenase (COX2) in interleukin-1β-stimulated fibroblasts
110. Tranilast restores cytokine-induced nitric oxide production against platelet-derived growth factor in vascular smooth muscle cells
111. Tranilast suppresses intimal hyperplasia in the balloon injury model and cuff treatment model in rabbits
112. Tranilast suppresses the vascular intimal hyperplasia after balloon injury in rabbits fed a high cholesterol diet
113. Suppressive effect of an anti-allergic drug, tranilast, on the vascular intimal thickening by balloon catheter
114. Tranilast suppresses intimal hyperplasia after photochemically induced endothelial injury in the rat
115. Inhibitory effect of tranilast on restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)
116. Clinical evaluation of tranilast in the prevention of restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)
117. Effectiveness of tranilast on restenosis after directional coronary atherectomy
118. The PRESTO (prevention of restenosis with tranilast and its outcomes) protocol: A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
119. SmithKline Beecham completes enrollment and initial treatment phase of PRESTO (prevention of restenosis with Tranilast and its outcomes) TRIAL
120. Single dose pharmacokinetics (pk) of tranilast, a potential therapy for coronary restenosis
121. Suppression of fibroblast in vitro and of neointimal hyperplasia in vivo by triazolopyrimidine, trapidil
122. Trapidil in preventing restenosis after balloon angioplasty in the atherosclerotic rabbit
123. Effects of trapidil (triazolopyrimidine), a platelet-derived growth factor antagonist, in preventing restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
124. Trapidil (triazolopyrimidine), a platelet-derived growth factor antagonist, reduces restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
125. Effect of a novel antiallergic drug, pemirolast, on activation of rat peritoneal mast cells: Inhibition of exocytotic response and membrane phospholipid turnover
126. 4 and on production of platelet-activating factor
127. 2+ mobilization in antigen-stimulated rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells
128. Effects of a novel antiallergic drug, pemirolast potassium, on the proliferation and migration of cultured smooth muscle cells from rat aorta
129. Preventative effects of an antiallergic drug, pemirolast potassium, on restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
130. Effect of cilostazol on platelet aggregation and experimental thrombosis
131. Effect of cilostazol, a cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor, on the proliferation of rat aortic smooth muscle cells in culture
132. Effects of cilostazol on late lumen loss and repeat revascularization after Palmaz-Schatz coronary stent implantation
133. In vitro and in vivo inhibition of rat vascular smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation by a 2-aminochromone U-86983
134. Newly synthesized TAS-301, by regulating the migration process, reduces the neointimal thickening after balloon injury in rats
135. Inhibitory effect of TAS-301, a new synthesized constrictive remodeling regulator, on renarrowing after balloon overstretch injury of porcine coronary artery
136. Neointimal formation after balloon-induced vascular injury in Yucatan minipigs is reduced by oral rapamycin
137. Inhibition of intimal thickening after balloon angioplasty in porcine coronary arteries by targeting regulators of the cell cycle
138. Randomized trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients with coronary heart disease: The Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study
139. Prevention of coronary heart disease with pravastatin in men with hypercholesterolemia
140. The effect of pravastatin on coronary artery events after myocardial infarction in patients with average cholesterol levels
141. Statins do more than just lower cholesterol
142. Relation of cholesterol and mevalonic acid to the cell cycle in smooth muscle and Swiss 3T3 cells stimulated to divide by platelet-derived growth of factor
143. Simvastatin, an inhibitor of cholesterol biosynthesis, shows synergistic effect with nitrosourea and β-interferon on human glioma cells
144. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors: In vivo effects on carotid intimal thickening in normocholesterolemic rabbits
145. Prevention of restenosis by lovastatin after successful coronary angioplasty
146. Lack of effect of lovastatin on restenosis after coronary angioplasty
147. Effect of pravastatin on angiographic restenosis after coronary balloon angioplasty
148. A randomized placebo-controlled trial of fluvastatin for prevention of restenosis after successful coronary balloon angioplasty
149. Effect of statin therapy on restenosis after coronary artery stent implantation
150. Oxidative stress as a signaling mechanism of the vascular response to injury: The redox hypothesis of restenosis
151. Probucol
152. Antilipidemic drugs: Medicinal, chemical and biochemical aspects
153. Antiatherogenic effect of probucol unrelated to its hypercholesterolemic effect: Evidence that antioxidants in vivo can selectively inhibit low density lipoprotein degradation in macrophage-rich fatty streaks and slow the progression of atherosclerosis in the Watanabe heritable hypercholesterolemic rabbit
154. Probucol inhibits oxidative modification of low density lipoprotein
155. Probucol prevents the progression of atherosclerosis in Watanabe heritable hypercholesterolemic rabbit, an animal model for familial hypercholesterolemia
156. Probucol inhibits neointimal formation in carotid arteries of normocholesterolemic rabbits and the proliferation of cultured rabbit vascular smooth muscle cells
157. Inhibition of intimal thickening if the carotid artery of rabbits and of outgrowth of explants of aorta by probucol
158. Probucol decreases neointimal formation in a swine model of coronary artery balloon injury. A possible role for antioxidants in restenosis
159. Effect of probucol on smooth muscle cell proliferation and dedifferentiation after vascular injury in rabbits: Possible role of PDGF
160. Probucol and multivitamins in the prevention of restenosis after coronary angioplasty
161. Effects of probucol and cilostazol alone and in combination on frequency of poststenting restenosis
162. Effects of probucol on vascular remodeling after coronary angioplasty
163. Vitamin E supplementation, plasma lipids and incidence of restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)
164. Prevention of restenosis after angioplasty in small coronary arteries with probucol
165. Antioxidant activities of probucol against lipid peroxidations
166. Antiatherogenic effects of the antioxidant BO-653 in three different animal models
167. Is there a role for antioxidant vitamins in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases? An update on epidemiological and clinical trials data
168. BO-653
169. 2,3-Dihydro-5-hydroxy-2,2-dipentyl-4,6-di-tert-butylbenzofuran: Design and evaluation as a novel radical-scavenging antioxidant against lipid peroxidation
170. A potent, novel antioxidant (BO-653) has effects on neointimal thickening in a stent porcine restenosis model
171. American Heart Association - 72nd Scientific Sessions (Part II) Atlanta, GA, USA
172. Efficacy of a novel antioxidant on vascular remodeling after coronary angioplasty: Possible role of endothelial function and collagen accumulation
173. QT-interval prolongation produced by probucol
174. Probucol for treatment of hyperlipidemia in persistent childhood nephrotic syndrome. Report of a prospective uncontrolled multicenter study
175. Feasibility and efficacy of locally delivered enoxaparin via the channeled balloon catheter on smooth muscle cell proliferation following balloon injury in rabbits
176. Local delivery of enoxaparin to decrease restenosis after stenting: Results of initial multicenter trial
177. Randomized comparison of implantation of heparin-coated stents with balloon angioplasty in selected patients with coronary artery disease (Benestent II)
178. Paclitaxel (Taxol)
179. Paclitaxel inhibits arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration in vitro and in vivo using local drug delivery
180. Local paclitaxel delivery for the prevention of restenosis: Biological effects and efficacy in vivo