Visual search in schizophrenia: Latent inhibition and novel pop-out effects

Schizophrenia Research

Volumn 45, Issue 1-2, 2000, Pages 145-156

  Lubow, R E ^a   Kaplan, O ^a   Abramovich, P ^b   Rudnick, A ^b   Laor, N ^b  

^a TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY   (Israel)

^b TEL AVIV COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH CENTER   (Israel)

Author keywords

Attention; Gender; Latent inhibition; Novel pop out; Schizophrenia; Visual search

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; ATTENTION; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; HUMAN; LATENT INHIBITION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RESPONSE TIME; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SEX DIFFERENCE;

ADULT; ATTENTION; FEMALE; HUMANS; INHIBITION (PSYCHOLOGY); MALE; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; RANDOM ALLOCATION; REACTION TIME; SCHIZOPHRENIA; VISUAL PERCEPTION;

EID: 0034730820     PISSN: 09209964     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0920-9964(99)00188-7     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Anscombe R. The disorder of consciousness in schizophrenia. Schizophr. Bull. 13:1987;241-260.
2. Baruch I., Hemsley D.R., Gray J.A. Differential performance of acute and chronic schizophrenics in a latent inhibition task. J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. 176:1988;598-606.
3. Braff D.L. Information processing and attention dysfunctions in schizophrenia. Schizophr. Bull. 19:1993;233-259.
4. Braunstein-Bercovitz H., Lubow R.E. Are high-schizotypal normal participants distractible or limited in attentional resources? A study of latent inhibition as a function of masking task load and schizotypy level. J. Abnorm. Psychol. 107:1998;659-670.
5. Cutting J.C. Evidence for right hemisphere dysfunction in schizophrenia. David A.S., Cutting J.C. The Neuropsychology of Schizophrenia. 1994;231-242 Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ.
6. Davis J.M. Comparative doses and costs of antipsychotic medication. Arch.Gen. Psychiatry. 33:1976;858-861.
7. De la Casa L.G., Ruiz G., Lubow R.E. Latent inhibition and recall/recognition of irrelevant stimuli as a function of preexposure duration in high and low psychotic-prone normals. Br. J. Psychol. 84:1993;119-132.
8. Early T.S., Haller J.W., Posner M.I., Raichle M. The left striato-pallidal hyperactivity model of schizophrenia. David A.S., Cutting J.C. The Neuropsychology of Schizophrenia. 1994;15-37 Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ.
9. Feldon J., Weiner I. An animal model of attention deficit. Boulton A.A., Baker G.B., Martin-Iverson M.T. Neuromethods: Animal Models of Psychiatry. vol. 18:1991;313-361 Humana Press, Clifton, NJ.
10. Flor-Henry P. Psychosis and temporal lobe epilepsy: a controlled investigation. Epilepsia. 10:1969;363-395.
11. Gibbons H., Bengs C., Rammsayer T.J. Prozesseigenschaften latenter Hemmung im Paradigma 'visual search'. Process characteristics of latent inhibition in a visual search paradigm Lachnit H., Jacobs A., Roesler F. Experimentelle Psychologie. 1998;93 Pabst, Lengerrich.
12. Golosheiken S.A., Volf N.V., Razumnikova O.M. Significance of laterality and sex in the processes of selective attention. Zh. Vyssh. Nervn. Deyat. Im. I.P. Pavlova. 47:1997;740-742.
13. Gray J.A. Integrating schizophrenia. Schizophr. Bull. 24:1998;249-266.
14. Gray J.A., Feldon J., Rawlins J.N.P., Hemsley D.R., Smith A.D. The neuropsychology of schizophrenia. Behav. Brain Sci. 14:1991;1-84.
15. Gray N.S., Hemsley D.R., Gray J.A. Abolition of latent inhibition in acute, but not chronic, schizophrenics. Neurol. Psychiatry Brain Res. 1:1992;83-89.
16. Gray N.S., Pilowsky L.S., Gray J.A., Kerwin R.W. Latent inhibition in drug-naive schizophrenics: relationship to duration of illness and dopamine D2 binding using SPET. Schizophr. Res. 17:1995;95-107.
17. Hall G. Perceptual and Associative Learning. 1991;Clarendon Press, Oxford.
18. Iacono W.G., Clementz B.A. A strategy for elucidating genetic influences on complex pathological sydromes (with special reference to ocular motor functioning and schizphrenia). Chapman L.J., Chapman J.P., Fowles D.C. Progress in Experimental Research. vol. 16:1993;11-65 Springer, New York.
19. Johnston W.A., Hawley K.J. Perceptual inhibition of expected inputs: the key that opens closed minds. Psychon. Bull. Rev. 1:1994;56-72.
20. Johnston W.A., Hawley K.J., Farnham J.M. Novel popout: empirical boundaries and tentative theory. J. Exp. Psychol.: Human Percept. Perf. 19:1993;140-153.
21. Kay S.R., Fiszbein A., Opler L.A. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophr. Bull. 13:1987;261-276.
22. Lipp O.V., Vaitl D. Latent inhibition in human Pavlovian differential conditioning: Effect of additional stimulation after preexposure and relation to schizoptypal traits. Pers. Individ. Diff. 13:1992;1003-1012.
23. Lubow R.E. Latent Inhibition and Conditioned Attention Theory. 1989;Cambridge University Press, New York.
24. Lubow R.E. Latent inhibition as a measure of learned inattention: some problems and solutions. Behav. Brain Res. 88:1997;75-84.
25. Lubow R.E., Dressler R., Kaplan O. The effects of target and distractor familiarity on visual search in de novo Parkinson's disease patients: latent inhibition and novel pop-out. Neuropsychology. 13:1999;415-423.
26. Lubow R.E., Gewirtz J.C. Latent inhibition in humans: data, theory, and implications for schizophrenia. Psychol. Bull. 117:1995;87-103.
27. Lubow R.E., Ingberg-Sachs Y., Zalstein-Orda N., Gewirtz J.C. Latent inhibition in low and high 'psychotic-prone' normal subjects. Pers. Individ. Diff. 13:1992;563-572.
28. Lubow R.E., Kaplan O. Visual search as a function of type of prior experience with target and distractor. J. Exp. Psych.: Human Percept. Perf. 23:1997;14-24.
29. Lubow R.E., Rifkin B., Alek M. The context effect: the relation between stimulus preexposure and environment preexposure determines subsequent learning. J. Exp. Psych.: Anim. Beh. Proc. 2:1976;38-47.
30. Lubow R.E., Toren P., Laor N., Kaplan O. The effects of target and distractor familiarity on visual search in anxious children: Latent inhibition and novel pop-out. J. Anx. Disord. 1999;. in press.
31. Lubow R.E., Weiner I., Schlossberg A., Baruch I. Latent inhibition and schizophrenia. Bull. Psychon. Soc. 25:1987;464-467.
32. Mackintosh N.J. A theory of attention: variations in the associability of stimuli with reinforcement. Psychol. Rev. 82:1975;276-298.
33. Musen G., Treisman A. Implicit and explicit memory for visual patterns. J. Exp. Psych.: Learn. Mem. Cog. 16:1990;127-137.
34. Nuechterlein K.H. Reaction time and attention in schizophrenia: a critical evaluation of the data and theories. Schizophr. Bull. 3:1977;373-428.
35. Nuechterlein K.H., Dawson M.E. Information processing and attentional functioning in the developmental course of the schizophrenic disorder. Schizophr. Bull. 10:1984;160-203.
36. Pearce J.M., Hall G. A model of Pavlovian learning: variations in the effectiveness of conditioned but not unconditioned stimuli. Psychol. Rev. 87:1980;532-552.
37. Peters S.L., Gray J.A., Joseph M.J. Preweanling non-handling of rats disrupts latent inhibition in males, and results in persisting sex-dependent and area-dependent increases in dopamine and serotonin turnover. Behav. Pharmacol. 2:1991;215-223.
38. Pohjalainen T., Rinne J.O., Nagren K., Syvaelahti E., Hietala J. Sex differences in the striatal dopamine D-sub-2 receptor binding characteristics in vivo. Am. J. Psychiatry. 155:1998;768-773.
39. Raine A. Sex differences in schizotypal personality in a nonclinical population. J. Abnorm. Psychol. 101:1992;361-364.
40. Schatz J. Cognitive processing efficiency in schizophrenia: generalized vs domain specific deficits. Schizophr. Res. 30:1998;41-49.
41. Shalev U., Feldon J., Weiner I. Gender and age dependent differences in latent inhibition following pre-weanling non-handling: implications for a neurodevelopmental animal model of schizophrenia. Int. J. Dev. Neurosci. 16:1998;279-288.
42. Shiffrin R.M., Schneider W. Controlled and automatic information processing: II. Perceptual learning, automatic attending, and a general theory. Psychol. Rev. 84:1977;127-190.
43. 123Iiodobenzamide single photon emission computed tomography study. Psychiatry Res.: Neuroimaging. 75:1997;115-123.
44. Spitzer R.L., Williams J.B.W., Gibbon M., First M.B. SCID: User's Guide for the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IIIR. 1991;American Psychiatric Press, Washington, DC.
45. Steffy R.A., Waldman I. Schizophrenics' reaction time: North star or shooting star? Cromwell R.L., Snyder C.R. Schizophrenia: Origins, Processes and Outcomes. 1993;111-134 Oxford University Press, New York.
46. Swerdlow N.R., Braff D.L., Hartston H., Perry W., Geyer M.A. Latent inhibition in schizophrenia. Schizophr. Res. 20:1996;91-103.
47. Torrey E.F. The epidemiology of schizophrenia: questions needing answers. Schulz S.C., Tamminga C.A. Schizophrenia: Scientific Progress. 1989;45-51 Oxford University Press, New York.
48. Treisman A.M., Gelade G. A feature integration theory of attention. Cog. Psych. 12:1980;97-136.
49. Vinogradov S., Poole J.H., Willis-Shore J., Ober B.A., Shenaut G.K. Slower and more variable reaction times in schizophrenia: what do they signify? Schizophr. Res. 32:1998;183-190.
50. Wagner A.R. Priming in STM: an information processing mechanism for self-generated or retrieval-generated depression in performance. Tighe T., Leaton R.N. Habituation: Perspectives from Child Development, Animal Behavior and Neurophysiology. 1976;95-128 Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ.
51. Wahl O.F., Hunter J. Are gender effects being neglected in schizophrenia research? Schizophr. Bull. 18:1992;313-318.
52. Weiner I. Neural substrates of latent inhibition: switching model. Psychol. Bull. 108:1990;442-461.
53. Weiner I., Feldon J. The switching model of latent inhibition: an update of neural substrates. Behav. Brain Res. 88:1997;11-26.
54. Williams J.H., Wellman N.A., Geaney D.P., Cowen P.J., Feldon J., Rawlins J.N.P. Reduced latent inhibition in people with schizophrenia: an effect of psychosis or of its treatment. Br. J. Psychiatry. 172:1998;243-249.