Regulation of germline promoters by the two human Ig heavy chain 3' α enhancers

Journal of Immunology

Volumn 164, Issue 12, 2000, Pages 6380-6386

  Hu, Yanzhong ^a   Pan, Qiang ^a   Pardali, Evangelia ^b   Mills, Frederick C ^c   Bernstein, Ralph M ^c   Max, Edward E ^c   Sideras, Paschalis ^b   Hammarström, Lennart ^a  

^a KAROLINSKA UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Sweden)

^b UMEÅ UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^c CENTER FOR DRUG EVALUATION AND RESEARCH   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

IMMUNOGLOBULIN A; IMMUNOGLOBULIN CLASS; IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY CHAIN; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA1;

ARTICLE; B LYMPHOCYTE DIFFERENTIATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENHANCER REGION; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; GENETIC TRANSFECTION; GERM LINE; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; IMMUNOGLOBULIN GENE; LEUKEMIA CELL LINE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROMOTER REGION;

EID: 0034659959     PISSN: 00221767     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.164.12.6380     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Cox, D. W., V. D. Markovic, and I. E. Teshima. 1982. Genes for immunoglobulin heavy chains and for αl-antitrypsin are localized to specific regions of chromosome 14q. Nature 297:428.
2. Brandtzaeg, P., I. N. Farstad, G. Haraldsen, and F. L. Jahnsen. 1998. Cellular and molecular mechanisms for induction of mucosal immunity. Dev. Biol. Stand. 92:93.
3. Shimizu, A., and T. Honjo. 1984. Immunoglobulin class switching. Cell 36:801.
4. Gritzmacher, C. A. 1989. Molecular aspects of heavy-chain class switching. Crit. Rev. Immunol. 9:173.
5. Honjo, T., and T. Kataoka. 1978. Organization of immunoglobulin heavy chain genes and allelic deletion model. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 75:2140.
6. Kataoka, T., T. Kawakami, N. Takahashi, and T. Honjo. 1980. Rearrangement of immunoglobulin γl-chain gene and mechanism for heavy-chain class switch. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77:919.
7. Handing, F. A., and N. Lonberg. 1995 Class switching in human immunoglobulin transgenic mice. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 764:536.
8. Bergstedt-Lindqvist, S., P. Sideras, H. R. MacDonald, and E. Severinson. 1984. Regulation of Ig class secretion by soluble products of certain T-cell lines. Immunol. Rev. 78:25.
9. Sideras, P., S. Bergstedt-Lindqvist, and E. Severinson. 1985. Partial biochemical characterization of IgGl-inducing factor. Eur. J. Immunol. 15:593.
10. Kameyama, K., G. Sakaguchi, H. Haga, N. Shibata, M. Uryu, and K. Sugimoto. 1996. The recombination mediated by double-strand breaks in extrachromosomal DNA substrate carrying mouse immunoglobulin switch regions S μ. and S γ 2b. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1308:263.
11. Oancea, A. E., F. W. Tsui, and M. J. Shulman. 1995. Targeted removal of the μ switch region from mouse hybridoma cells: A test of its role in gene expression in the endogenous IgH locus. J. Immunol. 155:5678.
12. Stavnezer-Nordgren, J., and S. Sirlin. 1986. Specificity of immunoglobulin heavy chain switch correlates with activity of germline heavy chain genes prior to switching. EMBO J. 5:95.
13. Wakatsuki, Y., and W. Strober. 1993. Effect of downregulation of germline transcripts on immunoglobulin A isotype differentiation. J. Exp. Med. 178:129.
14. Nilsson, L., K. B. Islam, O. Olafsson, I. Zalcberg, C. Samakovlis, L. Hammarström, C. I. Smith, and P. Sideras. 1991, Structure of TGF-β1-induced human immunoglobulin C α1 and C α2 germ-line transcripts. Int. Immunol. 3:1107.
15. Kitani, A., and W. Strober. 1994. Differential regulation of Cα1 and Cα2 germline and mature mRNA transcripts in human peripheral blood B cells. J. Immunol. 153:1466.
16. Shockett, P., and J. Stavnezer. 1991. Effect of cytokines on switching to IgA and a germline transcripts in the B lymphoma 1.29 μ: Transforming growth factor-β activates transcription of the unrearranged Cα gene. J. Immunol. 147:4374.
17. Lebman, D. A., M. J. Park, S. Hansen-Bundy, and A. Pandya. 1994. Mechanism for transforming growth factor β regulation of α mRNA in lipopolysaccharide-slimulated B cells. Int. Immunol. 6:113.
18. Nilsson, L., and S. Paschalis. 1993. The human 1 α1 and 1 α2 germline promoter elements: Proximal positive and distal negative elements may regulate the tissue specific expression of C α1 and C α2 germline transcripts. Int. Immunol. 5:271.
19. Ichiki, T., W. Takahashi, and T. Watanabe. 1993. Regulation of the expression of human C epsilon germline transcript: Identification of a novel IL-4 responsive element. J. Immunol. 150:5408.
20. Xu, M. Z., and J. Stavnezer. 1992. Regulation of transcription of immunoglobulin germ-line gamma 1 RNA: Analysis of the promoter/enhancer. EMBO J. 11: 145.
21. Islam, K. B., L. Nilsson, P. Sideras, L. Hammarström, and C. I. Smith. 1991. TGF-β1 induces germ-line transcripts of both IgA subclasses in human B lymphocytes. Int. Immunol. 3:1099.
22. Islam, K. B., B. Baskin, L. Nilsson, L. Hammarström, P. Sideras, and C. I. Smith. 1994. Molecular analysis of IgA deficiency. Evidence for impaired switching to IgA. J. Immunol. 152:1442.
23. Xie, X. Q., E. Pardali, M. Holm, P. Sideras, and T. Grundstrom. 1999. AML and Ets proteins regulate the 1 α1 germ-line promoter. Eur. J. Immunol. 29:488.
24. Banerji, J., L. Olson, and W. Schaffner. 1983. A lymphocyte-specific cellular enhancer is located downstream of the joining region in immunoglobulin heavy chain genes. Cell 33:729.
25. Gillies, S. D., S. L. Morrison, V. T. Oi, and S. Tonegawa. 1983. A tissue-specific transcription enhancer element is located in the major intron of a rearranged immunoglobulin heavy chain gene. Cell 33:717.
26. Chen, J., F. Young, A. Bottaro, V. Stewart, R. K. Smith, and F. W. Alt. 1993. Mutations of the intronic IgH enhancer and its flanking sequences differentially affect accessibility of the JH locus. EMBO J. 12:4635.
27. Gu, H., Y. R. Zou, and K. Rajewsky. 1993. Independent control of immunoglobulin switch recombination at individual switch regions evidenced through CreloxP-mediated gene targeting. Cell 73:1155.
28. Su, L. K., and T. Kadesch. 1990. The immunoglobulin heavy-chain enhancer functions as the promoter for 1 μ sterile transcription. Mol. Cell. Biol. 10:2619.
29. Bottaro, A., F. Young, J. Chen. M. Serwe, F. Sablitzky, and F. W. Alt. 1998. Deletion of the IgH intronic enhancer and associated matrix-attachment regions decreases, but does not abolish, class switching at the μ locus. Int. Immunol. 10:799.
30. Sakai, E., A. Bottaro, and F. W. Alt. 1999. The Ig heavy chain intronic enhancer core region is necessary and sufficient to promote efficient class switch recombination. Int. Immunol. 11:1709.
31. Serwe, M., and F. Sablitzky. 1993. V(D)J recombination in B cells is impaired but not blocked by targeted deletion of the immunoglobulin heavy chain intron enhancer. EMBO J. 12:2321.
32. Cogne, M., R. Lansford, A. Bottaro, J. Zhang, J. German, F. Young. H. L. Cheng, and F. W. Alt. 1994. A class switch control region at the 3′ end of the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus. Cell 77:737.
33. Pettersson. S., G. P. Cook, M. Brüggemann, G. T. Williams, and M. S. Neuberger. 1990. A second B cell-specific enhancer 3′ of the immunoglobulin heavy-chain locus. Nature 344:165.
34. Lieberson, R., S. L. Giannini, B. K. Birshtein, and L. A. Eckhardt. 1991. An enhancer at the 3′ end of the mouse immunoglobulin heavy chain locus. Nucleic Acids Res. 19:933.
35. Dariavach, P., G. T. Williams, K. Campbell, S. Pettersson, and M. S. Neuberger. 1991. The mouse IgH 3′-enhancer. Eur. J. Immunol. 21:1499.
36. Giannini, S. L., M. Singh, C. F. Calvo, G. Ding, and B. K. Birshtein. 1993. DNA regions flanking the mouse Ig 3′ α enhancer are differentially methylated and DNase I hypersensitive during B cell differentiation. J. Immunol. 150:1772.
37. Sideras, P., L. Nilsson, K. B. Islam, I. Z. Quintana, L. Freihof, A. Rosen, G. Juliusson, L. Hammarström, and C. I. Smith. 1992. Transcription of unrearranged Ig H chain genes in human B cell malignancies: Biased expression of genes encoded within the first duplication unit of the Ig H chain locus. J. Immunol. 149:244.
38. Tumas-Brundage, K. M., K. A. Vora, and T. Manser. 1997. Evaluation of the role of the 3′α heavy chain enhancer [3′α E(hs1,2)] in Vh gene somatic hypermuta′ lion. Mol. Immunol. 34:367.
39. Kang, H. K., and D. W. Cox. 1996. Tandem repeats 3′ of the IGHA genes in the human immunoglobulin heavy chain gene cluster. Genomics 35:189.
40. Mills, F. C., N. Harindranath, M. Mitchell, and E. E. Max. 1997. Enhancer complexes located downstream of both human immunoglobulin Cα genes. J. Exp. Med. 186:845.
41. Chen, C., and B. K., Birshtein. 1997. Virtually identical enhancers containing a segment of homology to murine 3′IgH-E(hs1,2) lie downstream of human Ig Cα1 and Cα 2 genes. J. Immunol. 159:1310.
42. Pinaud, E., C. Aupetit, C. Chauveau, and M. Cogne. 1997. Identification of a homolog of the Ca 3′/hs3 enhancer and of an allelic variant of the 3′IgH/hs1,2 enhancer downstream of the human immunoglobulin α1 gene. Eur. J. Immunol. 27:2981.
43. Seidl, K. J., J. P. Manis, A. Bottaro, J. Zhang, L. Davidson, A. Kisselgof, H. Oettgen, and F. W. Alt. 1999. Position-dependent inhibition of class-switch recombination by PGK-neor cassettes inserted into the immunoglobulin heavy chain constant region locus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96:3000.
44. Madisen, L., and M. Groudine. 1994. Identification of a locus control region in the immunoglobulin heavy-chain locus that deregulates c-myc expression in plas′ macytoma and Burkitt's lymphoma cells. Genes Dev. 8:2212.
45. Pan, Q., C. Petit-Frère, J. Stavnezer, and L. Hammarström. 2000. Regulation of the promoter for human immunoglobulin γ3 germ-line transcription and its in′ teraction with the 3′ α enhancer. Eur. J. Immunol. 30:1019.
46. + B cell line. J. Immunol. 160: 2145.
47. Ong, J., S. Stevens, R. G. Reeder, and L. A. Eckhardt. 1998. 3′ IgH enhancer elements shift synergistic interactions during B cell development. J. Immunol. 160:4896.
48. Chauveau, C., and M. Cogne. 1996. Palindromic structure of the IgH 3′locus control region. Nat. Genet. 14:15.
49. Grosveld, F., G. B. van Assendelft, D. R. Greaves, and G. Kollias. 1987. Position-independent, high-level expression of the human β-globin gene in transgenic mice. Cell 51:975.
50. Manis, J. P., N. van der Stoep, M. Tian, R. Ferrini, L. Davidson, A. Bottaro, and F. W. Alt. 1998. Class switching in B cells lacking 3′ immunoglobulin heavy chain enhancers. J. Exp. Med. 188:1421.
51. Nilsson, L., P. Grant, I. Larsson, S. Pettersson, and P. Sideras. 1995. The human 1 α1 region contains a TGF-β1 responsive enhancer and a putative recombination hotspot. Int. Immunol. 7:1191.
52. Hammarström, L., A. O. Carbonara, M. DeMarchi, G. Lefranc, M. P. Lefranc, and C. I. Smith. 1987. Generation of the antibody repertoire in individuals with multiple immunoglobulin heavy chain constant region gene deletions. Scand. J. Immunol. 25:189.