Synthetic flux-promoting polyether models: Cation flux dependence on polyoxyethylene chain length

Israel Journal of Chemistry

Volumn 40, Issue 3-4, 2000, Pages 279-288

  Espínola, Carmen G ^a   Delgado, Mercedes ^a   Martín, Julio D ^a  

^a INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES QUÍMICAS   (Spain)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0034558122     PISSN: 00212148     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1560/91NE-J495-LUTE-RG07     Document Type: Article

References (39)

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22. 2O (86.8 mL), pH 7.67), and then vortexed to suspend the lipid. The suspension was sonicated using a probe for 30-60 min until clarity was obtained. The untrapped dye was removed by size-exclusion chromatography (Sepharose CL 4B) using the same phosphate buffer. The lipid concentration of the resulting vesicle solution was estimated by measuring the phosphate content after digestion (Steward, J.H. Anal. Biochem. 1980, 104, 10-14) and the enclosed HPTS concentration by fluorescence spectroscopy by comparing the emission with known concentrations of free HPTS. Transport was initiated by an imposed pH gradient (pH 7.67 inside, pH 6.4 outside). Control experiments established that there was no proton flux without the addition of transporter, no detergent effect of the transporter on the vesicles, and that vesicles remained intact at the end of each experiment.
23. 2O (86.8 mL), pH 7.67), and then vortexed to suspend the lipid. The suspension was sonicated using a probe for 30-60 min until clarity was obtained. The untrapped dye was removed by size-exclusion chromatography (Sepharose CL 4B) using the same phosphate buffer. The lipid concentration of the resulting vesicle solution was estimated by measuring the phosphate content after digestion (Steward, J.H. Anal. Biochem. 1980, 104, 10-14) and the enclosed HPTS concentration by fluorescence spectroscopy by comparing the emission with known concentrations of free HPTS. Transport was initiated by an imposed pH gradient (pH 7.67 inside, pH 6.4 outside). Control experiments established that there was no proton flux without the addition of transporter, no detergent effect of the transporter on the vesicles, and that vesicles remained intact at the end of each experiment.
24. Stein, W.D. In Channels, Carriers and Pumps: An Introduction to Membrane Transport; Academic Press: New York, 1990.
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34. For representative examples of this approach, see the monomer systems of Tabushi (Tabushi, I.; Kuroda, Y.; Yokota, K. Tetrahedron Lett. 1982, 4601-4604); Menger (Menger, F.M.; Davis, D.S.; Persichetti, R.A.; Lee, J.-J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 2451-2452), Kobuke (Tanaka, Y.; Kobuke, Y.; Sokabe, M. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1995, 34, 693-694); Regen (Deng, G.; Merritt, M.; Yamashita, K.; Janout, V.; Sadownik, A.; Regen, S.L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 3307-3308).
35. For representative examples of this approach, see the monomer systems of Tabushi (Tabushi, I.; Kuroda, Y.; Yokota, K. Tetrahedron Lett. 1982, 4601-4604); Menger (Menger, F.M.; Davis, D.S.; Persichetti, R.A.; Lee, J.-J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 2451-2452), Kobuke (Tanaka, Y.; Kobuke, Y.; Sokabe, M. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1995, 34, 693-694); Regen (Deng, G.; Merritt, M.; Yamashita, K.; Janout, V.; Sadownik, A.; Regen, S.L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 3307-3308).
36. For representative examples of this approach, see the monomer systems of Tabushi (Tabushi, I.; Kuroda, Y.; Yokota, K. Tetrahedron Lett. 1982, 4601-4604); Menger (Menger, F.M.; Davis, D.S.; Persichetti, R.A.; Lee, J.-J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 2451-2452), Kobuke (Tanaka, Y.; Kobuke, Y.; Sokabe, M. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1995, 34, 693-694); Regen (Deng, G.; Merritt, M.; Yamashita, K.; Janout, V.; Sadownik, A.; Regen, S.L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 3307-3308).
37. For representative examples of this approach, see the monomer systems of Tabushi (Tabushi, I.; Kuroda, Y.; Yokota, K. Tetrahedron Lett. 1982, 4601-4604); Menger (Menger, F.M.; Davis, D.S.; Persichetti, R.A.; Lee, J.-J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 2451-2452), Kobuke (Tanaka, Y.; Kobuke, Y.; Sokabe, M. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1995, 34, 693-694); Regen (Deng, G.; Merritt, M.; Yamashita, K.; Janout, V.; Sadownik, A.; Regen, S.L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 3307-3308).
38. Silberrad, O.; Phillips, H.A. J. Chem. Soc. 1908, 93, 474.
39. -1.