Strategies, Uncertainty and Performance of Small Business Startups

Small Business Economics

Volumn 15, Issue 3, 2000, Pages 165-181

  Van Gelderen, Marco ^a,b   Frese, Michael ^c,d   Thurik, Roy ^e  

^a VU UNIVERSITY AMSTERDAM   (Netherlands)

^b EIM Group   (Netherlands)

^c JUSTUS LIEBIG UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

^d UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM   (Netherlands)

^e ERASMUS UNIVERSITY ROTTERDAM   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0034557205     PISSN: 0921898X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/a:1008113613597     Document Type: Article

References (75)

1. Aiken, L. S. and S. G. West, 1991, Multiple Regression: Testing and Interpreting Interactions, New York: Sage.
2. Audretsch, D. B. and A. R. Thurik, 1997, Sources of Growth: the Entrepreneurial versus the Managed Economy, Discussion paper IO 1710, Centre for Economic Policy Research, London.
3. Audretsch, D. B. and A. R. Thurik, 2000, 'Capitalism and Democracy in the 21st Century: From the Managed to the Entrepreneurial Economy', Journal of Evolutionary Economics 10, 17-34.
4. Audretsch, D. B., M. A. Carree, A. van Stel and A. R. Thurik, 2000, Economic Growth in the Entrepreneurial Society, Discussion Paper xxxx, Tinbergen Institute, Erasmus University Rotterdam.
5. Austin, J. T. and J. B. Vancouver, 1997, 'Goal Constructs in Psychology: Structure, Process, and Content', Psychological Bulletin 120, 338-375.
6. Bandura, A., 1977, 'Self-efficacy: Toward a Unifying Theory of Behavioral Change', Psychological Review 84, 191-215.
7. Baron, H., 1996, 'Strengths and Limitations of Ipsative Measurement', Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology 69, 49-56.
8. Bartram, D., 1996, 'The Relationship between Ipsatized and Normative Measures of Personality', Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology 69, 25-39.
9. Bhide, A., 1994, 'How Entrepreneurs Craft Strategies that Work', Harvard Business Review (March-April), 150-161
10. Boyd, B. K., G. G. Dess and A. M. A. Rasheed, 1993, 'Divergence between Archival and Perceptual Measures of the Environment Causes and Consequences', Academy of Management Review 18, 204-226.
11. Brüderl, J., P. Preisendörfer and R. Ziegler, 1992, 'Survival Chances of Newly Founded Business Organizations', American Sociological Review 57, 227-242.
12. Buchko, A. A., 1994, 'Conceptualization and Measurement of Environmental Uncertainty: An Assessment of the Miles & Snow Perceived Environmental Uncertainty Scale', Academy of Management Journal 37, 410-425.
13. Carland, J. W., F. Hoy, W. R. Boulton and J. C. Carland, 1984, 'Differentiating Entrepreneurs from Small Business Owners: A Conceptualization', Academy of Management Review 9, 354-359.
14. Carree, M. A. and A. R. Thurik, 1995, 'Profitability and Number of Firms: Their Dynamic Interaction in Dutch Retailing', in A. van Witteloostuijn (ed.), Studies in Industrial Organization: Market Evolution: Competition and Cooperation, Boston/Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 257-266.
15. Carree, M. A., A. van Stel, A. R. Thurik and A. R. M. Wennekers, 2000, Business Ownership and Economic Growth in 23 OECD Countries, Discussion Paper xxxx, Tinbergen Institute, Erasmus University Rotterdam.
16. Castrogiovanni, G. J., 1991, 'Environmental Munificence: a Theoretical Assessment', Academy of Management Review 16, 542-565.
17. Choi, Y. B., 1993, Paradigms and Conventions: Uncertainty, Decision Making and Entrepreneurship, Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
18. Covin, J. G. and D. P. Slevin, 1989, 'Strategic Management of Small Firms in Hostile and Benign Environments', Strategic Management Journal 10, 75-87.
19. Cornwall, J. M. and W. P. Dunlap, 1994, 'On the Questionable Soundness of Factoring Ipsative Data: A Response to Saville & Willson', Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology 67, 89-100.
20. Daft, R. L., J. Sormunen and D. Parks, 1988, 'Chief Executive Scanning, Environmental Characteristics, and Company Performance: an Empirical Study', Strategic Management Journal 9, 123-139.
21. Dess, G. G. and D. W. Beard, 1984, 'Dimensions of Organizational Task Environments', Administrative Science Quarterly 29, 52-73.
22. Dess, G. G., R. D. Ireland and M. A. Hitt, 1990, 'Industry Effects and Strategic Management Research', Journal of Management 16, 7-27.
23. Dess, G. G., G. T. Lumpkin and J. G. Covin, 1997, 'Entrepreneurial Strategy Making and Firm Performance: Tests of Contingency and Configurational Models', Strategic Management Journal 18, 677-695.
24. Dickson, P. H. and K. M. Weaver, 1997, 'Environmental Determinants and Individual-level Moderators of Alliance-use', Academy of Management Journal 40, 404-425.
25. Dijk, B. van, 1996, Determinants of Successful Entrepreneurship, Masters' thesis, Erasmus University Rotterdam.
26. Dijk, B. van and A. R. Thurik, 1998, 'Entrepreneurship, TypologieÎn en Succes', Bedrijfskunde 70, 42-49.
27. Doty, D. H, W. H. Glick and G. P. Huber, 1993, 'Fit, Equifinality and Organizational Effectiveness: A Test of Two Configurational Theories', Academy of Management Journal 36, 1196-1250.
28. Ekelund, R. B. and R. F. Hébert, 1990, A History of Economic Theory and Method, New York: McGraw-Hill.
29. Epstein, S. and E. J. O'Brien, 1985, 'The Person-situation Debate in Historical and Current Perspective', Psychological Bulletin 98, 513-537.
30. Frese, M. (ed.), 2000, Success and Failure of Microbusiness Owners in Africa, Westport, CT: Quorum.
31. Frese, M., M. W. van Gelderen and M. Ombach, 2000, 'How to Plan as a Small Scale Business Owner: Psychological Process Characteristics of Action Strategies and Success', Journal of Small Business Management 38, 1-18.
32. Frese, M., J. Stewart and B. Hannover, 1987, 'Goal Orientation and Planfulness: Action Styles as Personality Concepts', Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 52, 1182-1194.
33. Frese, M. and D. Zapf, 1994, 'Action as the Core of Work Psychology: A German Approach', in H. C. Triandis, M. D. Dunnette and J. M. Hough (eds.), Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, vol. 4, Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychology Press, pp. 271-340.
34. Gartner, W. B., 1988, '"Who is an Entrepreneur" is the Wrong Question', Entrepreneurship Theory and Practise 12, 11-32.
35. Gerloff, E. A., N. K. Muir and B. D. Bodensteiner, 1991, 'Three Components of Perceived Environmental Uncertainty: An Exploratory Analysis of the Effects of Aggregation', Journal of Management 17, 749-768.
36. Hacker, W., 1986, Arbeitspsychologie: Psychische Regulation von Arbeitstätigkeiten, Berlin: Verlag der Wissenschaften.
37. Hacker, W., 1989, 'On the Utility of Procedural Rules: Conditions of the Use of Rules in the Production of Operation Sequences', Ergonomics 32, 717-732.
38. Hacker, W., 1992, Expertenkönnen: Erkennen und Vermitteln, Göttingen: Hogrefe, Verlag für Angewandte Psychologie.
39. Hambrick, D. C. and R. A. D'Aveni, 1988, 'Large Corporate Failures as Downward Spirals', Administrative Science Quarterly 33, 1-23.
40. Hart, S. L., 1992, 'An Integrative Framework for Strategy Making Processes', Academy of Management Review 17, 327-351.
41. Hart, S. L. and C. Banbury, 1994, 'How Strategy-making Processes can Make a Difference', Strategic Management Journal 15, 251-269.
42. Hayes-Roth, B. and F. Hayes-Roth, 1979, 'A Cognitive Model of Planning', Cognitive Science 3, 275-310.
43. Hébert, R. F. and A. N. Link, 1989, 'In Search of the Meaning of Entrepreneurship', Small Business Economics 1, 39-49.
44. Jovanovic, B., 1982, 'Selection and the Evolution of Industry', Econometrica 50, 649-670.
45. Kahneman, D., 1973, Attention and Effort, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall
46. Ketchen, D.J. Jr., J. B. Thomas and R. R. McDaniel Jr., 1996, 'Process, Content and Context: Synergistic Effects on Organizational Performance', Journal of Management 22, 231-257.
47. Kimberly, J. and R. Miles, 1980, The Organizational Life Cycle, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
48. Lumpkin, G. T. and G. G. Dess, 1995, 'Simplicity as a Strategy-making Process: The Effects of Stage of Organizational Development and Environment on Performance', Academy of Management Journal 38, 1386-1407.
49. Matthews, C. H. and S. G. Scott, 1995, 'Uncertainty and Planning in Small and Entrepreneurial Firms: An Empirical Assessment', Journal of Small Business Management 33, 34-52.
50. Meeus, M. T. H. and L. A. G. Oerlemans, 2000, 'Firm Behavior and Innovative Performance. An Empirical Exploration of the Selection-adaptation Debate', Research Policy 29, 41-58.
51. Miles, R. E. and C. C. Snow, 1978, Organization Strategy, Structure, and Process, New York: McGraw-Hill.
52. Milleken, F. J., 1987, 'Three Types of Perceived Uncertainty about the Environment: State, Effect and Response Uncertainty', Academy of Management Review 12, 133-143.
53. Miller, C. C. and L. B. Cardinal, 1994, 'Strategic Planning and Firm Performance: A Synthesis of More than Two Decades of Research', Academy of Management Journal 37, 1649-1665.
54. Miller, D. and P. Friesen, 1982, 'Innovation in Conservative and Entrepreneurial Firms: Two Models of Strategic Momentum', Strategic Management Journal 3, 1-25.
55. Miller, G. A., E. Galanter and K. H. Pribram, 1960, Plans and the Structure of Behavior, London: Holt.
56. Miner, J. B., N. R. Smith and J. S. Bracker, 1989, 'Role of Entrepreneurial Task Motivation in the Growth of Technologically Innovative Firms', Journal of Applied Psychology 74, 554-560.
57. Mintzberg, H., 1978, 'Patterns in Strategy Formulation', Management Science 24, 934-948.
58. Nunnally, J. C., 1978, Psychometric Theory, 2nd edition, New York: McGraw-Hill.
59. Olson, P. D. and D. W. Bokor, 1995, 'Strategy Process-content Interaction: Effects on Growth Performance in Small, Start-up Firms', Journal of Small Business Management 33, 34-44.
60. Palatano, A. L. and C. M. Seifert, 1997, 'Opportunistic Planning: Being Reminded of Pending Goals', Cognitive Psychology 34, 1-36.
61. Porter, M. E., 1980, Competitive Strategy. Techniques for Analysing Industries and Competitors, New York: MacMillan.
62. Rajagopolan, N., A. M. A. Rasheed and D. K. Datta, 1993, 'Strategic Decision Processes: Critical Review and Future Directions', Journal of Management 19, 349-384.
63. Saville, P. and E. Willson, 1996, 'The Reliability and Validity of Normative and Ipsative Approaches in the Measurement of Personality', Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology 64, 219-238.
64. Schwenk, C. R. and C. B. Shrader, 1993, 'Effects of formal Strategic Planning on Financial Performance in Small Firms: A Meta Analysis', Entrepreneurs hip Theory and Practice 17, 53-64.
65. Sharfman, M. P. and J. W. Dean Jr., 1991, 'Conceptualizing and Measuring the Organizational Environment: A Multidimensional Approach', Journal of Management 17, 681-700.
66. Shrader, C. B., C. L. Mulford and V. L. Blackburn, 1989, 'Strategic and Operational Planning, Uncertainty and Performance in Small Firms', Journal of Small Business Management 27, 45-60.
67. Simon, H. A., 1956, 'Rational Choice and the Structure of the Environment', Psychological Review 63, 129-138.
68. Spencer, L. M. and S. M. Spencer, 1993, Competence at Work: Models for Superior Performance, New York: Wiley.
69. Vaessen, P., 1993, Small Business Growth in Contrasting Environments, Nijmegen: Dutch Geographical Society.
70. Varian, H. R., 1992, Microeconomic Analysis, New York: Norton.
71. Weitzel, W. and E. Jonsson, 1989, 'Decline in Organizations: A Literature Integration and Extension', Administrative Science Quarterly 34, 91-109.
72. Wennekers, S. and A. R. Thurik, 1999, 'Linking Entrepreneurship to Economic Growth', Small Business Economics 13, 27-55.
73. Wiesner, W. H. and S. F. Cronshaw, 1988, 'A Meta-analytic Investigation of the Impact of Interview Format and Degree of Structure on the Validity of the Employment Interview', Journal Occupational and Organizational Psychology 61, 275-290.
74. Wubben, E. M., 1993, Markets, Uncertainty and Decision Making: A History of the Introduction of Uncertainty into Economics, Amsterdam: Thesis Publishers.
75. Zempel, J., 1994, Psychologische Strategien der Handlungsplanung, Giessen, Fachbereich Psychologie: Unveröffentlichte Diplomarbeit.