The British election Study and electoral research

Political Studies

Volumn 48, Issue 3, 2000, Pages 391-414

  Scarbrough, Elinor ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ESSEX   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0034391512     PISSN: 00323217     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/1467-9248.00267     Document Type: Article

References (116)

1. Achen, C. (1992) 'Social psychology, demographic variables, and linear regression: breaking the iron triangle in voting research', Political Behaviour, 14 (3), 195-211.
2. Baim, J. (1991) 'Response rates: a multi-national perspective', Marketing and Research Today, 19 (2), 114-19.
3. Barber, B. (1984) Strong Democracy: Participatory Politics for a New Age. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
4. Bartle, J. (1997) 'Political Awareness and Heterogeneity in Models of Voting: Some Evidence from the British Election Studies', in C. Pattie, D. Denver, J. Fisher, P. S. Ludlam (eds), British Elections and Parties Review Volume 7: The 1997 General Election. London: Frank Cass.
5. Bartle, J. (1998) 'Left-right Position Matters, But Does Social Class? Causal Models of the 1992 British General Election', British Journal of Political Science, 28 (3), 501-29.
6. Bartle, J. (1999) 'Focus Groups and Measures of Party Identification: An Exploratory Study.' University of Essex: Unpublished manuscript.
7. Beetham, D. (1993) Auditing Democracy in Britain. Democratic Audit Paper No. 1. Human Rights Centre, University of Essex/Charter 88 Trust. London.
8. Bingham Powell, G. (1989) 'Constitutional Design and Citizen Electoral Control', Journal of Theoretical Politics, 1 (1), 107-30.
9. Birch, A. (1993) The Concepts and Theories of Modern Democracy. London: Routledge.
10. Brynin, M. and Sanders, D. (1997) 'Party identification, political preferences, and material conditions: evidence from the British Household Panel Study 1991-92', Party Politics, 3 (1), 53-77.
11. Brynin, M. and Sanders, D. (1998) 'Ordinary Least Squares and Logistic Regression Analysis', in E. Scarbrough and E. Tanenbaum (eds), Research Strategies in the Social Sciences. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
12. Budge, I. (1999) 'Party Policy and Ideology: Reversing the 1950s?', in G. Evans and P. Norris (eds), Critical Elections: British Parties and Voters in Long-term Perspective. London: Sage.
13. Burton, J. (1999) Public Attitudes and Responses to Survey Research. University of Essex: PhD thesis.
14. Butler, D. and Stokes, D. (1971) Political Change in Britain: Forces Shaping Electoral Choice. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
15. Campbell, A., Converse, P., Miller, W. and Stokes, D. (1960) The American Voter. New York: John Wiley.
16. Catt, H. (1996) Voting Behaviour: a Radical Critique. London: Leicester University Press.
17. Clarke, H., Mishler, W. and Whiteley, P. (1990) 'Recapturing the Falklands: models of Conservative popularity', British Journal of Political Science, 20 (1), 63-82.
18. Crewe, I. (1974) 'Do Butler and Stokes really explain political change in Britain?', European Journal of Political Research, 2 (1), 47-92.
19. Crewe, I. (1976) 'Party Identification Theory and Political Change in Britain', in I. Budge, I. Crewe and D. Farlie (eds), Party Identification and Beyond. London: John Wiley.
20. Crewe, I. (1986) 'On the death and resurrection of class voting: some comments on How Britain Votes', Political Studies, XXXIV (4), 620-38.
21. Crewe, I. (1992) 'Changing votes and unchanging voters', Electoral Studies, 11 (4), 335-45.
22. Crewe, I. and Norris, P. (1992) 'In Defence of British Electoral Studies', in I. Crewe, P. Norris, D. Denver and D. Broughton (eds), British Elections and Parties Yearbook 1991. London: Harvester Wheatsheaf.
23. Crewe, I. and Thomson, K. (1999) 'Party Loyalities: Dealignment or Realignment?', in G. Evans and P. Norris (eds), Critical Elections: British Parties and Voters in Long-term Perspective. London: Sage.
24. Crewe, I., Fox, A. and Day, N. (1995) The British Electorate 1963-1992. A Compendium of Data from the British Election Studies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
25. Curtice, J. and Park, A. (1999) 'Region: New Labour, New Geography?', in G. Evans and P. Norris (eds), Critical Elections: British Parties and Voters in Long-term Perspective. London: Sage.
26. Dahl, R. (1989) Democracy and Its Critics. New Haven: Yale University Press.
27. De Graaf, N., Nieuwbeerta, P. and Heath, A. (1995) 'Class mobility and political preferences: individual and contextual effects', American Journal of Sociology, 100 (4), 997-1027.
28. Dunleavy, P. (1979) 'The urban basis of political alignment: social class, property ownership and state intervention in consumption processes', British Journal of Political Science, 9 (4), 409-43.
29. Dunleavy, P. (1990) 'Mass political behaviour: is there more to learn?', Political Studies, XXXVIII (3), 453-69.
30. Dunleavy, P. (1991) Democracy, Bureaucracy, and Public Choice. Hemel Hempstead: Harvester Wheatsheaf.
31. Dunleavy, P. (1996) 'Political Behaviour: Institutional and Experiential Approaches', in R. Goodin and H.-D. Klingemann (eds), A New Handbook of Political Science. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
32. Dunleavy, P. and Ward, H. (1981) 'Exogeneous voter preferences and parties with state power: some internal problems with economic theories of party competition', British Journal of Political Science, 11 (3), 351-80.
33. Dunn, J. (1992) 'Conclusion', in J. Dunn (ed.), Democracy: The Unfinished Journey. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
34. Economic and Social Research Council. (nd.) Electoral and Political Behaviour in the UK. Swindon: Economic and Social Research Council.
35. Esaiasson, P. and Holmberg, S. (1996) Representation from Above. Members of Parliament and Representative Democracy in Sweden. Aldershot: Dartmouth.
36. Evans, G. (1991) 'Economics and politics revisited: exploring the decline in Conservative support, 1992-1995', Political Studies, 47 (1), 139-51.
37. Evans, G. (1999) 'Europe: a New Electoral Cleavage?', in G. Evans and P. Norris (eds), Critical Elections: British Parties and Voters in Long-term Perspective. London: Sage.
38. Evans, G. (ed.) (1999) The End of Class Politics? Class Voting in Comparative Perspective. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
39. Evans, G., Heath, A. and Lalljee, M. (1996) 'Measuring left-right and libertarian-authoritarian values in the British electorate', British Journal of Sociology, 47 (1), 93-112.
40. Evans, G., Curtice, J. and Norris, P. (1998) 'New Labour, New Tactical Voting? The Causes and Consequences of Tactical Voting in the 1997 General Election', in D. Denver, J. Fisher, P. Cowley and Pattie, C. (eds), British Elections and Parties Review Volume 8: The 1997 General Election. London: Frank Cass.
41. Evans, G. and Norris, P. (eds) (1999) Critical Elections: British Parties and Voters in Long-term Perspective. London: Sage.
42. Evans, G., Heath, A. and Payne, C. (1999) 'Class: Labour as a Catch-all Party?', in G. Evans and P. Norris (eds), Critical Elections: British Parties and Voters in Long-term Perspective. London: Sage.
43. Feldman, S. (1988) 'Structure and consistency in public opinion: the role of core beliefs and values', American Journal of Political Science, 32 (2), 416-40.
44. Franklin, C. (1992) 'Measurement and the dynamics of party identification', Political Behaviour, 14 (3), 297-309.
45. Fuchs, D., Guidorossi, G. and Svensson, P. (1995) 'Support for the Democratic System', in H.-D. Klingemann and D. Fuchs (eds), Citizens and the State. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
46. Goldthorpe, J. (1980) Social Mobility and Class Structure in Modern Britain. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
47. Greenleaf, W. (1983) The British Political Tradition. Volume 2: The Ideological Heritage. London: Methuen.
48. Heath, A., Evans, G. and Payne C. (1991) 'Modelling the class-party relationship in Britain, 1964-92', Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, 158 (3), 563-74.
49. Heath, A., Evans, G., and Martin, J. (1994) 'The measurement of core beliefs and values: the development of balanced socialist/laissez-faire and libertarian/ authoritarian scales', British Journal of Political Science, 24 (1), 115-32.
50. Heath, A., Evans, G. and Payne, C. (1995) 'Modelling the class-party relationship in Britain, 1964-92', Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series A, Part 3, 563-74.
51. Heath, A., Jowell, R. and Curtice, J. (1985) How Britain Votes. Oxford: Pergamon Press.
52. Heath, A., Jowell, R. and Curtice, J. (1987) 'Trendless fluctuation: a reply to Crewe', Political Studies, XXXV (2), 256-77.
53. Heath, A., Jowell, R., Curtice, J., Evans, G., Field, J. and Witherspoon, S. (1991) Understanding Political Change: The British Voter 1964-1987. Oxford: Pergamon Press.
54. Heath, A. and Pierce, R. (1992) 'It was party identification all along: question order effects on reports of party identification in Britain', Electoral Studies, 11 (2), 93-105.
55. Heath, A., Jowell, R. and Curtice, J. (eds) (1994) Labour's Last Chance? The 1992 Election and Beyond. Aldershot: Dartmouth.
56. Heath, A., Jowell, R. and Curtice, J. (1994) 'Can Labour Win?' in A. Heath, R. Jowell and J. Curtice (eds), Labour's Last Chance? The 1992 Election and Beyond. Aldershot: Dartmouth.
57. Heath, A. and Jowell, R. (1994) 'Labour's Policy Review', in A. Heath, R. Jowell and J. Curtice (eds), Labour's Last Chance? The 1992 Election and Beyond. Aldershot: Dartmouth.
58. Heath, A., Jowell, R., Curtice, J. and Norris, P. (1999) British Election Study, 1997. University of Essex: The Data Archive.
59. Held, D. (1987) Models of Democracy. Cambridge: Polity Press.
60. Hirschman, A. (1982) Shifting Involvements. Private Interest and Public Action. Oxford: Martin Robertson.
61. Johnson, N. (1989) The Limits of Political Science. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
62. Johnston, R. (1991) A Question of Place. Oxford: Blackwell.
63. Johnston, R. and Pattie, C. (1996) 'The strength of party identification among the British electorate: an exploration', Electoral Studies, 15 (3), 295-309.
64. Johnston, R. and Pattie, C. (1997) 'Fluctuating party identification in Great Britain: patterns revealed by four years of logitudinal study', Politics 17 (2), 67-77.
65. Katz, R. and Mair, P. (1995) 'Changing models of party organization and democracy: the emergence of the Cartel Party', Party Politics, 1 (1), 5-28.
66. Klingemann, H.-D. (1995) 'Party Positions and Voter Orientations', in H.-D. Klingemann and D. Fuchs (eds), Citizens and the State. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
67. Klingemann, H.-D., Hofferbert, R. and Budge, I. (1994) Parties, Policies, and Democracy. Oxford: Westview Press.
68. Klingemann, H.-D. and Fuchs, D. (1995) 'Citizens and the State: A Changing Relationship?', in H.-D. Klingemann and D. Fuchs (eds), Citizens and the State. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
69. Knutsen, O. and Scarbrough, E. (1995) 'Cleavage Politics', in J. van Deth and E. Scarbrough (eds), The Impact of Values. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
70. Lipset, S. and Rokkan, S. (1967) 'Cleavage Structures, Party Systems and Voter Alignments: an Introduction', in S. Lipset and S. Rokkan (eds), Party Systems and Voter Alignments. New York: Free Press.
71. Lynn, P., Taylor, B. and Brook, L. (1998) 'Incentives, information and number of contacts: testing the effects of these factors on response to a panel survey', Survey Methods Centre Newsletter, 18 (1). London: SCPR.
72. McAllister, I. and Wattenberg, M. (1995) 'Measuring levels of party identification. Does question order matter?', Public Opinion Quarterly, 59 (2), 259-68.
73. Miller, W. and Shanks, J. (1996) The New American Voter. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
74. Miller, W. and Sinnott, R. (1998) ESRC Survey of Election Surveys. Unpublished.
75. Norris, P. (1994) 'Labour Party Factionalism and Extremism', in A. Heath, R. Jowell and J. Curtice (eds), Labour's Last Chance? The 1992 Election and Beyond. Aldershot: Dartmouth,
76. Norris, P. (1999) 'New Politicians? Changes in Party Competition at Westminster', in G. Evans and P. Norris (eds), Critical Elections: British Parties and Voters in Long-term Perspective. London: Sage.
77. Norris, P. and Lovenduski, J. (1993) 'If only more candidates came forward .... Supply-side explanations of candidate selection in Britain', British Journal of Political Science, 23 (1), 1-36.
78. Norris, P. and Lovenduski, J. (1995) Political Recruitment: Gender, Race, and Class in the British Parliament. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
79. Norris, P., Curtice, J., Sanders, D., Scammell, M. and Semetko, H. (1999) On Message: Communicating the Campaign. London: Sage.
80. O'Reilly, K. and Rose, D. (1997) 'Criterion Validation of the Interim Revised Social Classification', in D. Rose and K. O'Reilly (eds), Constructing Classes; Towards a New Social Classification for the UK. Swindon: ESRC.
81. Parry, G., Moyser, G. and Day, N. (1992) Political Participation and Democracy in Britain. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
82. Pateman, C. (1970) Participation and Democratic Theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
83. Pattie, C. and Johnston, R. (1997) 'Local economic contexts and changing party allegiances at the 1992 British General Election', Party Politics, 3 (1), 79-96.
84. Pettersen, P.-A. (1995) 'The Welfare State: the Equality Dimension', in O. Borre and E. Scarbrough (eds), The Scope of Government. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
85. Pitkin, H. (1967) The Concept of Representation. Berkeley: University of California Press.
86. Plamenatz, J. (1973) Democracy and Illusion. London: Longman.
87. Popkin, S. (1991) The Reasoning Voter: Communication and Persuasion in Presidential Campaigns. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
88. Rao, N. (1998) 'Representation in local politics: a re-consideration and some new evidence', Political Studies, XLVI (1), 19-35.
89. Riker, W. (1982) Liberalism against Populism. Prospect Heights IL: Waveland Press.
90. Robertson, D. (1976) 'Surrogates for Party Identification within the Rational Choice Framework', in I. Budge, I. Crewe and D. Farlie (eds), Party Identification and Beyond. London: John Wiley.
91. Rose, D. (1995) A Report on Phase I of the ESRC Review of OPCS Social Classification. Swindon: ESRC.
92. Rose, D. and O'Reilly, K. (1997) 'Constructing Classes', in D. Rose and K. O'Reilly (eds), Constructing Classes: Towards a New Classification for the UK. Swindon: ESRC/ONS.
93. Saggar, S. and Heath, A. (1997) 'Race: Towards a Multicultural Electorate?, in G. Evans and P. Norris (eds), Critical Elections: British Parties and Voters in Long-term Perspective. London: Sage.
94. Sanders, D. (1991) 'Government popularity and the next general election', Political Quarterly, 62 (2), 235-61.
95. Sanders, D. (1999) 'The Impact of Left-right Ideology', in G. Evans and P. Norris (eds), Critical Elections. British Parties and Voters in Long-term Perspective. London: Sage.
96. Sanders, D. and Brynin, M. (1999) 'The dynamics of party preference change in Britain 1991-1996', Political Studies, 47 (2), 219-39.
97. Sanders, D., Ward, H. and Marsh, D. (1987) 'Government popularity and the Falklands War: a reassessment', British Journal of Political Science, 17 (3), 281-313.
98. Särlvik, B. and Crewe, I. (1983) Decade of Dealignment. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
99. Sartori, G. (1987) The Theory of Democracy Revisited. Chatham NJ: Chatham House.
100. Saward, M. (1994) 'Democratic Theory and Indices of Democratisation', in D. Beetham (ed.), Defining and Measuring Democracy. London: Sage.
101. Scarbrough, E. (1984) Political Ideology and Voting: An Exploratory Study. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
102. Schumpeter, J. (1954) Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy (4th edn). London: Unwin.
103. Seyd, P. (1993) 'Labour: The Great Transformation', in A. King, I. Crewe, K. Newton, P. Norton, D. Sanders and P. Seyd (eds), Britain at the Polls 1992. Chatham NJ: Chatham House.
104. Smith, T. (1995) 'Trends in non-response rates', International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 7 (2), 157-71.
105. Taylor, B., Heath, A. and Lynn, P (1996) The British Panel Survey 1992-95: Response Characteristics and Attrition. CREST Working Paper no. 40. London and Oxford: CREST.
106. Thomassen, J. (1976) 'Party Identification as a Cross-national Concept: its Meaning in the Netherlands', in I. Budge, I. Crewe and Farlie, D. (eds), Party Identification and Beyond. London: John Wiley.
107. Thomassen, J. (1994) 'Empirical Research into Political Representation: Failing Democracy or Failing Models?' in M. Kent Jennings and T. Mann (eds), Elections at Home and Abroad: Essays in Honor of Warren E. Miller. Ann Arbor MI: University of Michigan Press.
108. Topf, R. (1994) 'Party Manifestos', in A. Heath, R. Jowell and J. Curtice (eds), Labour's Last Chance? The 1992 Election and Beyond. Aldershot: Dartmouth.
109. Topf, R. (1995) 'Beyond Electoral Participation', in H.-D. Klingemann and D. Fuchs (eds), Citizens and the State. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
110. van Deth, J. and Scarbrough, E. (1995a) 'Perspectives on Value Change', in J. van Deth and E. Scarbrough (eds), The Impact of Values. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
111. van Deth, J. and Scarbrough, E. (1995b) 'The Concept of Values', in J. van Deth and E. Scarbrough (eds), The Impact of Values. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
112. Weakliem, D. (1992) 'Does social mobility affect political behaviour?', European Sociological Review, 8 (2), 153-65.
113. Weakliem, D. (1995) 'Two models of class voting', British Journal of Political Science, 25 (2), 254-70.
114. Weakliem, D. and Heath, A. (1994) 'Rational choice and class voting', Rationality and Society, 6 (2), 243-70.
115. Webb, P. and Farrell, D. (1999) 'Party Members and Ideological Change', in G. Evans and P. Norris (eds), Critical Elections: British Parties and Voters in Long-term Perspective. London: Sage.
116. Weir, S. and Beetham, D. (1999) Political Power and Democratic Control in Britain. London: Routledge.