Hyperleptinemia is more closely associated with adipose cell hypertrophy than with adipose tissue hyperplasia

International Journal of Obesity

Volumn 24, Issue 6, 2000, Pages 782-788

  Couillard, C ^a   Mauriege P ^a,b   Imbeault, P ^b   Prud'homme, D ^a,b   Nadeau, A ^a   Tremblay, A ^b   Bouchard, C ^b   Despres J P ^a  

^a Université Laval   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITÉ LAVAL   (Canada)

Author keywords

Adipocyte size; Gender differences; Leptin

Indexed keywords

INSULIN; LEPTIN;

ABDOMEN; ADIPOCYTE; ADIPOSE TISSUE; ADIPOSE TISSUE CELL; ADULT; ARTICLE; BIOPSY; BLOOD LEVEL; BODY FAT; CELL COUNT; CELL SIZE; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; DIET RESTRICTION; FEMALE; FEMUR; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; HYPERPLASIA; LIPOHYPERTROPHY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PREDICTION; PREMENOPAUSE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SEX DIFFERENCE; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS;

EID: 0034119354     PISSN: 03070565     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801227     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. 1 Zhang Y, Proenca R, Maffei M, Barone M, Leopold L, Friedman TM. Positional cloning of the mouse obese gene and its human homologue. Nature 1994; 372: 425-432.
2. 2 Weigle DS, Bukowski TR, Foster DC, Holderman S, Kramer JM, Lasser G, Lofton-Day CE, Prunkard DE, Raymond C, Kuijper JL. Recombinant ob protein reduces feeding and body weight in the ob/ob mouse. J Clin Invest 1995; 96: 2065-2070.
3. 3 Stephens TW, Basinski M, Bristow K, Bue-Valleskey JM, Burgett SG, Craft L, Hale J, Hoffman J, Hsiung HM, Kriauciunas A, MacKellar W, Rosteck PR, Schoner B, Smith D, Tinsley FC, Zhang XY, Heiman M. The role of neuropeptide Y in the antiobesity action of the obese gene product. Nature 1995; 377: 530-531.
4. 4 Schwartz MW, Baskin DC, Bukowski TR, Kuijper JL, Foster D, Lasser G, Prunkard DE, Porte D, Woods SC, Seely RJ, Weigle DS. Specificity of leptin action on elevated blood glucose levels, and hypothalamic neuropeptide Y gene expression in ob/ob mice. Diabetes 1996; 45: 531-535.
5. 5 Pelleymounter MA, Cullen MJ, Baker MB, Hecht R, Winters D, Boone T, Collins F. Effects of the obese gene product on bodyweight regulation in ob/ob mice. Science 1995; 269: 540-543.
6. 6 Halaas J, Gajiwala KS, Maffei MJ, Cohen SL, Chait BT, Rabinowitz D, Lallone RL, Burley SK, Friedman JM. Weight-reducing effects of the plasma protein encoded by the obese gene. Science 1995; 269: 543-546.
7. 7 Campfield LA, Smith FI, Guisez Y, Devos R, Burn P. Recombinant mouse OB protein: evidence for a peripheral signal linking adiposity and central neural networks. Science 1995; 269: 546-549.
8. 8 Ogawa Y, Masuzaki H, Isse N, Okazaki T, Mori K, Shigemoto M, Satoh N, Tamura N, Hosoda K, Yoshimasa Y, Jingami H, Kawada T, Nakao K. Molecular cloning of rat obese cDNA and augmented gene expression in genetically obese Zucker fatty (fa/fa) rats. J Clin Invest 1995; 96: 1647-1652.
9. 9 Murakami T, Shima K. Cloning of rat obese cDNA and its expression in obese rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1995; 209: 944-952.
10. 10 Masuzaki H, Ogawa Y, Isse N, Satoh N, Okazaki T, Shigemoto M, Mori K, Tamura N, Hosoda K, Yoshimasa Y, Jingami H, Kawada T, Nakao K. Human obese gene expression: adipocyte-specific expression and regional differences in the adipose tissue. Diabetes 1995; 44: 855-858.
11. 11 Maffei M, Fei H, Lee GH, Dani C, Leroy P, Zhang Y, Proenca R, Negrel R, Ailhaud G, Friedman JM. Increased expression in adipocytes of ob RNA in mice with lesions of the hypothalamus and with mutations at the db locus. Proc Nail Acad Sci USA 1995; 92: 6951-6960.
12. 12 Leroy P, Dessolin S, Villageois P, Moon BC, Friedman JM, Ailhaud G, Dani C. Expression of ob gene in adipose cells: regulation by insulin. J Biol Chem 1996; 271: 2365-2368.
13. 13 Maffei M, Halaas J, Ravussin E, Pratley RE, Lee GH, Zhang Y, Fei H, Kim S, Lallone R, Ranganathan S, Kern PA, Friedman JM. Leptin levels in human and rodents: measurement of plasma leptin and ob RNA in obese and weight-reduces subjects. Nature Med 1995; 1: 1155-1161.
14. 14 Hamilton BS, Paglia D, Kwan AYM, Deitel M. Increased obese mRNA expression in omental fat cells from massively obese humans. Nature Med 1995; 1: 953-956.
15. 15 Lönnqvist F, Amer P, Nordfors L, Schalling M. Overexpression of the obese (ob) gene in adipose tissue of human obese subjects. Nature Med 1995; 1: 950-953.
16. 16 Considine RV, Sinha MX, Heiman ML, Kriauciunas A, Stephens TW, Nyce MR, Ohannesian JP, Marco CC, McKee LJ, Bauer TL, Caro JF. Serum immunoreactive-leptin concentrations in normal-weight and obese humans. N Engl J Med 1996; 334: 292-295.
17. 17 Considine RV, Considine EL, Williams CJ, Nyce MR, Magosin SA, Bauer TL, Rosato FL, Colberg J, Caro JF. Evidence against a premature stop codon of the absence of obese gene mRNA in human obesity. J Clin Invest 1995; 95: 2986-2988.
18. 18 Vidal H, Auboeuf D, De Vos P, Staels B, Riou JP, Auwerx J, Laville M. The expression of ob gene is not acutely regulated by insulin and fasting in human abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue. I Clin Invest 1996; 98: 251-255.
19. 19 Klein S, Coppack SW, Mohamed-Ali V, Landt M. Adipose tissue leptin production and plasma leptin kinetics in humans. Diabetes 1996; 45: 984-987.
20. 20 Dagogo-Jack S, Fanelli C, Paramore D, Brothers J, Landt M. Plasma leptin and insulin relationships in obese and nonobese humans. Diabetes 1996; 45: 695-698.
21. 21 Couillard C, Mauriège P, Prud'homme D, Nadeau A, Tremblay A, Bouchard C, Després JP. Plasma leptin concentrations: gender differences and associations with metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Diabetologia 1997; 40: 1178-1184.
22. 22 Ostlund RE, Yang JW, Klein S, Gingerich R. Relation between plasma leptin concentration and body fat, gender, diet, age, and metabolic covariates. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1996; 81: 3909-3913.
23. 23 Hickey MS, Israel RG, Gardiner SN, Considine RV, McCammon MR, Tyndall GL, Houmard JA, Marks RHL, Caro JF. Gender differences in serum leptin levels in humans. Biochem Molec Med 1996; 59: 1-6.
24. 24 Ma Z, Gingerich RL, Santiago JV, Klein S, Smith CH, Landt M. Radioimmunoassay of leptin in human plasma. Clin Chem 1996; 42: 942-946.
25. 25 Schwartz MW, Peskind E, Raskind M, Boyko EJ, Porte D. Cerebrospinal fluid leptin levels: relationship to plasma levels and to adiposity in humans. Nature Med 1996; 2: 589-593.
26. 26 Haffner SM, Gingerich RL, Miettinen TA, Stern MV. Leptin concentrations in relation to overall adiposity and regional body fat distribution in Mexican Americans. Int J Obes 1996; 20: 904-908.
27. 27 Rosenbaum M, Nicolson M, Hirsch J, Heymsfield SB, Gallagher D, Chu F, Leibel RL. Effects of gender, body composition and menopause on plasma concentrations of leptin. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1996; 81: 3424-3427.
28. 28 Elbers JMH, Asscheman H, Seidell JC, Frolich M, Meinders AE, Gooren LG. Reversal of the sex difference in serum leptin levels upon cross-sex hormone administration in transsexuals. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997; 82: 3267-3270.
29. 29 Nyström F, Ekman B, Österlund M, Lindström T, Öhman KP, Arnqvist HJ. Serum leptin concentrations in normal population and in GH deficiency: negative correlation with testosterone in men and effects of GH treatment. Clin Endocrinol 1997; 47: 191-198.
30. 30 Behre HIM, Simoni M, Nieschlag E. Strong assoctation between serum levels of leptin and testosterone in men. Clin Endocrinol 1997; 47: 237-240.
31. 31 Shimizu H, Shimomura Y, Nakanishi Y, Futawatari T, Ohtani K, Sato N, Mori M. Estrogen increases in vivo leptin production in rats and human subjects. J Endocrinol 1997; 154: 285-292.
32. 32 Montague CT, Prins JB, Sanders I, Digby YE, O'Rahilly S. Depot and sex-specific differences in human leptin mRNA expression - implications for the control of regional fat distribution. Diabetes 1997; 46: 342-347.
33. 33 Van Harmelen V, Reynisdottir S, Eriksson P, Thorne A, Hoffstedt J, Lönnqvist F, Arner P. Leptin secretion from subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue in women. Diabetes 1998; 47: 913-917.
34. 34 Lönnqvist F, Nordfors L, Jansson M, Thörne A, Schalling M, Amer P. Leptin secretion from adipose tissue in women - relationship to plasma levels and gene expression. J Clin Invest 1997; 99: 2398-2404.
35. 35 Rebuffé-Scrive M, Lönnorth P, Main P, Wesslau C, Björntorp P, Smith U. Regional adipose tissue metabolism in men and postmenopausal women. Int J Obes 1987; 11: 347-355.
36. 36 Wahrenberg H, Lönnqvist F, Amer P. Mechanisms underlying regional differences in lipolysis in human adipose tissue. J Clin Invest 1989; 84: 458-467.
37. 37 Mauriège P, Després JP, Prud'homme D, Pouliot MC, Marcotte M, Tremblay A, Bouchard C. Regional variation in adipose tissue lipolysis in lean and obese men. J Lipid Res 1991; 32: 1625-4633.
38. 38 Mauriège P. Prud'homme D, Lemieux S, Tremblay A, Després JP. Regional differences in adipose tissue lipolysis from lean and obese women: existence of postreceptor alterations. Am J Physiol 1995; 269: E341-E350.
39. 39 Björntorp P. The regulation of adipose tissue distribution in humans. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1996; 20: 291-302.
40. 40 The Airlie (VA) consensus conference. In: Lohman T, Roche A, Martorel R (eds). Standardization of anthropometric measurements. Human Kinetics: Champaign, IL 1988, pp 20-37.
41. 41 Behnke AR, Wilmore JH. Evaluation and regulation of body build and composition. Prentice-Hall: Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1974.
42. 42 Sin W. The gross composition of the body. Adv Biol Med Phys 1956; 4: 239-280.
43. 43 Ferland M, Després JP, Tremblay A, Pinault S, Nadeau A, Moorjani S, Lupien PJ, Thériault G, Bouchard C. Assessment of adipose tissue distribution by computed axial tomography in obese women: association with body density and anthropometric measurement. Br J Nutr 1989; 61: 139-148.
44. 44 Després JP, Prud'homme D, Pouliot MC, Tremblay A, Bouchard C. Estimation of deep abdominal adipose-tissue accumulation from simple anthropometnic measurements in men. Am J Clin Nutr 1991; 54: 471-477.
45. 45 Kvist H, Sjöstrom L, Tylen U. Adipose tissue volume determinations in women by computed tomography: technical considerations. Int J Obes 1986; 10: 53-67.
46. 46 Rodbell M. Metabolism of isolated fat cells. I. Effects of hormones on glucose metabolism and lipolysis. J Biol Chem 1964; 239: 375-380.
47. 47 Després JP, Bouchard C, Bukowiecki L, Savard R, Lupien PJ. Morphology and metabolism of human fat cells: a reliability study. Int J Obes 1983; 7: 231-240.
48. 48 Julien P, Després JP, Angel A. Scanning electron microscopy of very small fat cells and mature fat cells in human obesity. J Lipid Res 1989; 30: 293-299.
49. 49 Rebuffé-Scrive M, Andersson B, Olbe L, Björntorp P. Metabolism of adipose tissue in intraabdominal depots of nonobese men and women. Metabolism 1989; 38: 453-458.
50. 50 Richterich R, Dauwalder H. Zur bestimmung des plasmaglukosekonzentration mit den hexokinase-glucose-6-phosphatase-dehydrogenase-methode. Schweiz Med Wochenscher 1971; 101: 615-618.
51. 51 Kissebah AH, Krakower GR. Regional adiposity and morbidity. Physiological Rev 1994; 74: 761-811.
52. 52 Després JP. Obesity and lipid metabolism: relevance of body fat distribution. Curr Opin Lipidol 1991; 2: 5-15.
53. 53 Lemieux S, Després JP. Metabolic complications of visceral obesity: contribution to the etiology of type II diabetes and implications for prevention and treatment. Diabete Metab 1994; 20: 375-393.
54. 54 Dua A, Hennes MI, Hoffman RG, Maas DL, Krakower GR, Sonnenberg GE, Kissebah AH. Leptin: a significant indicator of total body fat but not visceral fat and insulin insensitivity in African-American women. Diabetes 1996; 45: 16351-1637.
55. 55 Weigle DS, Ganter SL, Kuijper JL, Leonetti DL, Boyko EJ, Fujimoto WY. Effect of regional fat distribution and Prader-Willi syndrome on plasma leptin levels. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997; 82: 566-570.
56. 56 Saladin R, De Vos P, Guerre-Millo M, Leturque A, Girard J, Staels B, Auwerx J. Transient increase in obese gene expression after food intake or insulin administration. Nature 1995; 377: 527-529.
57. 57 MacDougald OA, Hwang CS, Fan H, Lane MD. Regulated expression of the obese gene product (leptin) in white adipose tissue and 3T3-L1 adipocyte. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995; 92: 9034-9037.
58. 58 Couillard C, Lamarche B, Mauriège P, Cantin B, Dagenais GR, Moorjani S, Lupien PJ, Després JP. Leptinemia is not a risk factor for ischemic heart disease in men. Prospective results from the Quebec Cardiovascular Study. Diabetes Care 1998; 21: 782-786.
59. 59 Trayhurn P, Duncan JS, Rayner DV. Acute cold-induced suppression of ob (obese) gene expression in white adipose tissue of mice: mediation by the sympathetic system. Biochem 1995; 311: 724-733.
60. 60 Kosaki A, Yamada K, Kuzuya H. Reduced expression of the leptin gene (ob) by ethacolamine through a Gs protein-coupled pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocyte. Diabetes 1996; 45: 1744-1749.
61. 61 Mantzoros CS, Qu D, Frederich RC, Susulic VS, Lowell BB, Maratos-Flier E, Flier JS. Activation of beta3 adrenergic receptors suppresses leptin expression and mediates a leptin-independent inhibition of food intake in mice. Diabetes 1996; 45: 909-914.
62. 62 Pinkney Jill, Coppack SW, Mohamed-Ali V. Effect of isoprenaline on plasma leptin and lipolysis in humans. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1998; 48: 407-411.