Long-term effects of logging on African primate communities: A 28-year comparison from Kibale National Park, Uganda

Conservation Biology

Volumn 14, Issue 1, 2000, Pages 207-217

  Chapman, Colin A ^a,b   Balcomb, Sophia R ^a   Gillespie, Thomas R ^a   Skorupa, Joseph P ^c   Struhsaker, Thomas T ^d  

^a University of Florida ^*  (United States)

^b WILDLIFE CONSERVATION SOCIETY   (United States)

^c U S FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE   (United States)

^d DUKE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

LOGGING; PRIMATE; SPECIES CONSERVATION;

UGANDA;

CERCIPITHECUS MITIS; CERCUPITHECUS ASCANIUS; COLOBUS GUEREZA; PROCOLOBUS TEPHROSCELES;

EID: 0034112288     PISSN: 08888892     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1739.2000.98592.x     Document Type: Article

References (65)

1. Altmann, J., S. A. Altmann, G. Hausfater, and S. A. McCluskey. 1977. Life history of yellow baboons: physical development, reproductive parameters, and infant mortality. Primates 18:315-330.
2. Bennett, E. L., and Z. Dahaban. 1995. Wildlife responses to disturbances in Sarawak and their implications for forest management. Pages 66-86 in R. B. Primack and T. E. Lovejoy, editors. Ecology, conservation, and management of Southeast Asian rainforests. Yale University Press, New Haven, Connecticut.
3. Bierregaard, R. O., T. E. Lovejoy, V. Kapos, A. Santos, and R. W. Hutchings. 1992. The biological dynamics of tropical rainforest fragments. BioScience 42:859-866.
4. Brown, S., and A. E. Lugo. 1990. Tropical secondary forests. Journal of Tropical Ecology 6:1-32.
5. Buckland, S. T., D. R. Anderson, K. P. Burnham, and J. L. Laake. 1993. Distance sampling: estimating abundance of biological populations. Chapman and Hall, London.
6. Burnham, K. P., D. R. Anderson, and J. L. Laake. 1980. Estimation of density from line-transect sampling of biological populations. Wildlife Monographs 72.
7. Butynski, T. M. 1990. Comparative ecology of blue monkeys (Cercopitbecus mitis) in high-and low-density subpopulations. Ecological Monographs 60:1-26.
8. Chapman, C. A. 1989. Ecological constraints on group size in three species of Neotropical primates. Folia Primatologica 73:1-9.
9. Chapman, C. A., and L. J. Chapman. 1997. Forest regeneration in logged and unlogged forests of Kibale National Park, Uganda. Biotropica 29:396-412.
10. Chapman, C. A., and L. J. Chapman. 1999. Implications of small scale variation in ecological conditions for the diet and density of red colobus monkeys. Primates 40:215-232.
11. Chapman, C. A., and D. A. Onderdonk. 1998. Forests without primates: primate/plant codependency. American Journal of Primatology 45:127-141.
12. Chapman, C. A., L. M. Fedigan, and L. Fedigan. 1988. A comparison of transect methods of estimating population densities of Costa Rican primates. Brenesia 30:67-80.
13. Chapman, C. A., L. J. Chapman, R. Wrangham, G. Isabirye-Basuta, and K. Ben-David. 1997. Spatial and temporal variability in the structure of a tropical forest. African Journal of Ecology 35:287-302.
14. Chapman, C. A., A. Gautier-Hion, J. F. Oates, and D. A. Onderdonk. 1999a. African primate communities: determinants of structure and threats to survival. Pages 1-37 in J. G. Fleagle, C. H. Janson, and K. Reed, editors. Primate communities. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
15. Chapman, C. A., L. J. Chapman, L. Kaufman, and A. E. Zanne. 1999b. Potential causes of arrested succession in Kibale National Park, Uganda: growth and mortality of seedlings. African Journal of Ecology 37:81-92.
16. Collias, N., and C. Southwick. 1952. A field study of population density and social organization in howling monkeys. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 96:143-156.
17. Day, R. W., and G. P. Quinn. 1989. Comparisons of treatments after an analysis of variance in ecology. Ecological Monographs 59: 433-463.
18. Defler, T. R., and D. Pintor. 1985. Censusing primates by transect in a forest of known primate density. International Journal of Primatology 6:243-259.
19. Dittus, W. P. J. 1977. The social regulation of population density and age-sex distribution in the toque monkey. Behaviour 63:281-322.
20. Fa, J. E., J. Juste, J. P. del Val, and J. Castroviejo. 1995. Impact of market hunting on mammal species in Equatorial Guinea. Conservation Biology 9:1107-1115.
21. Fimbel, C. 1994a. Ecological correlates of species success in modified habitats may be disturbance-and site-specific: the primates of Tiwai Island. Conservation Biology 8:106-113.
22. Fimbel, C. 1994b. The relative use of abandoned farm clearings and old forest habitats by primates and a forest antelope at Tiwai, Sierra Leone, West Africa. Biological Conservation 70:277-286.
23. Frumhoff, P. C. 1995. Conserving wildlife in tropical forests managed for timber. BioScience 45:456-464.
24. Ganzhorn, J. U. 1995. Low-level forest disturbance effects on primary production. leaf chemistry, and lemur populations. Ecology 76: 2048-2096.
25. Gebo, D L., and C. A. Chapman. 1995. Habitat, annual, and seasonal effects on positional behavior in red colobus monkeys. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 96:73-82.
26. Ghiglieri, M. P. 1979. The socioecology of chimpanzees in Kibale Forest, Uganda. Ph. D. dissertation. University of California, Davis.
27. Ghiglieri, M. P. 1984. The chimpanzees of Kibale Forest. Columbia University Press, New York.
28. Grieser-Johns, A., and B. Grieser-Johns. 1995. Tropical forest primates and logging: long-term co-existence? Oryx 29:205-211.
29. Isbell, L. A. 1990. Sudden short-term increase in mortality of vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) due to leopard predation in Amboseli National Park, Kenya. American Journal of Primatology 21:41-52.
30. Johns, A. D. 1983. Tropical forest primates and logging: can they co-exist? Oryx 17:114-118.
31. Johns, A. D. 1986. Effects of selective logging on the behavioral ecology of West Malaysian primates. Ecology 67:684-694.
32. Johns, A. D. 1988. Effects of "selective" timber extraction on rain forest structure and composition and some consequences for frugivores and folivores. Biotropica 20:31-37.
33. Johns, A. D. 1992. Vertebrate responses to selective logging: implications for the design of logging systems. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society London B 335:437-442.
34. Johns, A. G. 1997. Timber production and biodiversity conservation in tropical rain forests. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
35. Johns, A. D., and J. P. Skorupa. 1987. Responses of rain-forest primates to habitat disturbance: a review. International Journal of Primatology 8:157-191.
36. Kasenene, J. M. 1987. The influence of mechanized selective logging, felling intensity and gap-size on the regeneration of a tropical moist forest in the Kibale Forest Reserve, Uganda. Ph.D. dissertation. Michigan State University, East Lansing.
37. Kelker, G. H. 1945. Measurement and interpretation of forces that determine populations of managed deer. Ph.D. dissertation. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
38. Kingston, B. 1967. Working plan for Kibale and Itwara Central Forest Reserves. Uganda Forest Department, Entebbe, Uganda.
39. Marsh, C. W., A. D. Johns, and J. M. Ayers. 1987. Effects of habitat disturbance on rain forest primates. Pages 83-107 in J. S. Gartlan, C. W. Marsh, and R. A. Mittermeier, editors. Conservation of primates in tropical rain forest. Alan Liss, New York.
40. Milton, K. 1996. Effects of bot fly (Alouattamyia baeri) parasitism on a free-ranging howler (Alouatta palliata) population in Panama. Journal of Zoology (London) 239:39-63.
41. Mittermeier, R. A. and A. F. Coimbra-Filho. 1977. Primate conservation in Brazilian Amazonia. Pages 117-166 in H. S. H. Rainier III and G. H. Bourne, editors. Primate conservation Academic Press, New York.
42. National Research Council. 1981. Techniques for the study of primate population ecology. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C.
43. National Research Council. 1992. Conserving biodiversity: a research agenda for development agencies. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C..
44. Oates, J. F. 1996. Habitat alteration, hunting and the conservation of folivorous primates in African forests. Australian Journal of Ecology 21:1-9.
45. Osmaston, H. A. 1959. Working plan for the Kibale and Itwara Forests. Uganda Forest Department, Entebbe.
46. Plumptre, A. J., and V. Reynolds. 1994. The effect of selective logging on the primate populations in the Budongo Forest Reserve, Uganda. Journal of Applied Ecology 31:631-641.
47. Rao, M., and C. P. van Schaik. 1997. The behavioral ecology of Sumatran orangutans in logged and unlogged forest. Tropical Biodiversity 4:173-185.
48. Redford, K. H. 1992. The empty forest. BioScience 42:412-422.
49. nd edition. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
50. Rosenbaum B., T. G. O'Brien, M. Kinnard, and J. Supriatna. 1998. Population densities of Sulawesi crested black macaques (Macaca nigra) on Bacan and Sulawesi, Indonesia: effects of habitat disturbance and hunting. American Journal of Primatology 44:89-106.
51. Skorupa, J. P. 1987. Do line-transect surveys systematically underestimate primate densities in logged forests? American Journal of Primatology 13:1-9.
52. Skorupa, J. P. 1988. The effect of selective timber harvesting on rainforest primates in Kibale Forest, Uganda. Ph.D. dissertation. University of California, Davis.
53. Skorupa, J. P.,and J. M. Kasenene. 1984.Tropical forest management: can rates of natural treefalls help guide us? Oryx 18:96-101.
54. Struhsaker, T. T. 1975. The red colobus monkey. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
55. Struhsaker, T.T. 1976. A further decline in numbers of Amboseli vervet monkeys. Biotropica 8:211-214.
56. Struhsaker, T. T. 1987. Forestry issues and conservation in Uganda. Biological Conservation 39:209-234.
57. Struhsaker, T. T. 1997. Ecology of an African rain forest: logging in Kibale and the conflict between conservation and exploitation. The University Presses of Florida, Gainesville.
58. Struhsaker, T. T., J. S. Lwanga, and J. M. Kasenene. 1996. Elephants, selective logging, and forest regeneration in the Kibale Forest, Uganda. Journal of Tropical Ecology 12:45-64.
59. Terborgh, J. 1992. Diversity and the tropical rain forest. Scientific American Library, New York.
60. Weisenseel, K., C. A. Chapman, and L. J. Chapman. 1993. Nocturnal primates of Kibale Forest: effect: of selective logging on prosimian densities. Primates 34:445-450.
61. White, L. J. T. 1994. The effects of commercial mechanized selective logging on a transect in lowland rainforest in the Lope Reserve, Gabon. Journal of Tropical Ecology 10:313-322.
62. Whitesides, G. H., J. F. Oates, M. S. Green, and R. P. Kluberdanz. 1988. Estimating primate densities from transects in a West African rain forest: a comparison of techniques. Journal of Animal Ecology 57: 345-367.
63. Wilkie, D. S., J. G. Sidle, and G. C. Boundzanga. 1992. Mechanized logging, market hunting, and a bank loan in Congo. Conservation Biology 6:570-580.
64. Wilkie, D. A., B. Curran, R. Tshombe, and G. A. Morelli. 1998. Modeling sustainability of subsistence farming and hunting in the Ituri Forest of Zaire. Conservation Biology 12:137-147.
65. Work, T. H., H. Trapido, D. P. Narasimba Murthy, R. Laxmana Rao, R. N. Bhatt, and K. G. Kulkarni. 1957. Kyasanur forest disease. III. A preliminary report on the nature of the infection and clinical manifestations in human being. Indian Journal of Medical Science 11: 619-645.