Gold in porphyry copper deposits: Experimental determination of the distribution of gold in the Cu-Fe-S system at 400°to 700°C

Economic Geology

Volumn 95, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 259-270

  Simon, Grigore ^a,c   Kesler, Stephen E ^a   Essene, Eric J ^a   Chryssoulis, Stephen L ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN ONTARIO   (Canada)

^c SHELL GLOBAL SOLUTIONS INTERNATIONAL B V   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BORNITE; CHALCOPYRITE; COPPER; GOLD; HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEM; ORE DEPOSIT; PORPHYRY; TEMPERATURE EFFECT;

EID: 0034042123     PISSN: 03610128     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2113/gsecongeo.95.2.259     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Arehart, G.B., Chryssoulis, S.L., and Kesler, S.E., 1993, Gold and arsenic in iron sulfides from sediment-hosted disseminated gold deposits: Implications for depositional processes: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, v. 88, p. 171-185.
2. Baldwin, J.T., Swain, H.D., and Clark, G.H., 1978, Geology and grade distribution at the Panguna porphyry copper deposit, Bougainville, Papua New Guinea: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, v. 67, p. 1019-1033.
3. Ballantyne, G.H., Smith, T.W., and Redmond, P.B., 1997, Distribution and mineralogy of gold and silver in the Bingham Canyon porphyry copper deposit, Utah: Society of Economic Geologists Guidebook 29, p. 147-153.
4. 2 system: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, v. 62, p. 614-631.
5. Cabri, J.L., 1973, New data on phase relations in the Cu-Fe-S system: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, v. 68, p. 433-454.
6. Chryssoulis, S.L., Cabri, L.J., and Salter, R.S., 1987, Direct determination of invisible gold in refractory sulphide ores; Proceedings of the International Symposium on Gold Metallurgy-Refractory Gold, p. 235-244.
7. Chryssoulis, S.L., Cabri, L.J., and Lennard, W., 1989, Calibration of the ion microprobe for quantitative trace precious metal analyses of ore minerals: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, v. 84, p. 1684-1689.
8. Cox, D.P., and Singer, D.A., 1982, Distribution of gold in porphyry copper deposits: U.S. Geological Survey Open Report 88-46, 22 p.
9. Craig, J.R., and Scott, S.D., 1974, Sulfide phase equilibria: Reviews in Mineralogy, no.1, p. CS-1-89.
10. Cuddy, A.S., and Kesler, S.E., 1982, Gold in the Granisle and Bell porphyry copper deposits, British Columbia, in Levinson, A.A., ed., Precious metals in the northern Cordillera: Rexdale, Ontario, Association of Exploration Geochemists, p. 157-172.
11. Cygan, G.L., and Candela, P.A., 1995, Preliminary study of gold partitioning among pyrrhotite, pyrite, magnetite, and chalcopyrite in gold-saturated chloride solutions at 600 to 700°C, 140 MPa (1400 bars): Mineralogical Association of Canada Short Course, v. 23, p. 129-137.
12. Delarue, F., 1960, Properties chemiques dans l'eutectique LiCl-KCl fondu 11. Soufre, sulfures, sulfites, sulfates: Societé Chemíque de France Bulletin, p. 906-910.
13. Duly, S.M., 1998, Mineral hosts for gold in the Copper Mountain and Ajax West deposits, British Columbia: Implications for gold deposition in alkaline porphyry copper-gold systems: Unpublished M.Sc. thesis, Ann Arbor, MI, University of Michigan, 47 p.
14. Gammons, C.H., and Williams-Jones, A.E., 1997, Chemical mobility of gold in the porphyry-epithermal environment: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, v. 92, p. 45-59.
15. 4) using neutron diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry: American Mineralogist, v. 83, p. 1231-1239.
16. Hall, S.R., 1975, Crystal structures of the chalcopyrite series: Canadian Mineralogist, v. 13, p. 168-172.
17. Hedenquist, J.W., Arribas, A., and Reynolds, T.J., 1998, Evolution of intrusion-centered hydrothermal system: Far Southeast-Lepanto porphyry and epithermal Cu-Au deposits, Philippines: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, v. 93, p. 373-404.
18. Hoshino, K. and Watanabe, M., 1997, Exsolution mechanism of chalcopyrite from bornite solid solution: Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie Monatshefte, v. 4, p. 145-154.
19. Jean, G.E., and Bancroft, G.M., 1985, An XPS and SEM study of gold deposition at low temperatures on sulfide mineral surfaces: Concentration of gold by adsorption/reduction: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 49, p. 979-987.
20. Johnson, J.W., Oelkers, E.H., and Helgeson, H.C., 1992, SUPCRT92: A software package for calculating the standard molal thermodynamic properties of minerals, gases, aqueous species, and reactions from 1 to 5000 bars and 0° to 1,000°C: Computers and Geosciences, v. 18, p. 899-947.
21. Jugo, P.J., Candela, P.A., and Piccoli, P.M., 1998, Magmatic sulfides and Au: Cu ratios in porphyry deposits; an experimental study of copper and gold partitioning at 850 degrees C, 100 MPa in a haplogranitic melt-pyrrhotite-intermediate solid solution-gold metal assemblage, at gas saturation: Lithos, v. 46, p. 573-589.
22. 4): Stability and crystal structure of the intermediate form: Canadian Mineralogist, v. 16, p. 397-404.
23. Kullerud, G., Yund, R.A., and Moh, G.H., 1969, Phase relations in the Cu-Fe-S, Cu-Ni-S and Fe-Ni-S system: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY MONOGRAPH 4, p. 323-343.
24. Maula, S., and Levett, B., 1996, Porphyry copper gold signatures and the discovery of the Batua Hijau deposit, Sumbawa, Indonesia: Porphyry Related Copper and Gold Deposits of the Asia-Pacific Region, Australian Mineral Foundation, Glenside, South Australia, Conference Proceedings, p. 8.1-8.13.
25. Ripley, E.M., and Chryssoulis, S.L., 1994, Ion microprobe analysis of platinum-group elements in sulphide and arsenide minerals from the Babbitt Cu-Ni deposit, Duluth Complex, Minnesota: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, v. 89, p. 201-210.
26. Rubin, J.N., and Kyle, J.R., 1997, Precious metal distribution in porphyry-, skarn-, and replacement-type ore deposits of the Ertsberg (Gunung Bijih) district, Irian Jaya, Indonesia: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, v. 92, p. 535-551.
27. +1 sulfide species with pyrite as a function of pH and temperature: American Mineralogist, v. 83, p. 316-322.
28. Sillitoe, R.H., 1995, Gold-rich porphyry copper deposits: Geological model and exploration implications: Geological Association of Canada Special Paper 40, p. 465-478.
29. Sverjensky, D.A., Shock, E.L., and Helgeson, H.C., 1997, Prediction of the thermodynamic properties of aqueous metal complexes to 1000°C and 5 kbars: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 61, p. 1359-1412.
30. Tarkian, M., and Koopmann, G., 1995, Platinum-group minerals in the Santo Tomas II (Phylex) porphyry copper-gold deposit, Luzon Island, Philippines: Mineralium Deposita, v. 30, p. 39-47.
31. Tauson, V.L., Mironov, A.G., Smagunov, N.V., Bugaeva, N.G., and Akimov, V.V., 1996, Gold in sulfides: state of the art occurrence and horizons of experimental studies: Russian Geology and Geophysics, v. 37, p. 1-11.
32. Whitney, J.A., Hemley, J.J., and Simon, F.O., 1985, The concentration of iron in chloride solutions equilibrated with synthetic granitic compositions: The sulfur-free system: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, v. 80, p. 444-460.
33. Yund, R.A., and Kullerud, G., 1966, Thermal stability of assemblages in the Cu-Fe-S system: Journal of Petrology, v. 7, p. 454-488.