메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 47, Issue 3, 2000, Pages 174-182

Proton spectroscopic imaging of the thalamus in treatment-naive pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder

Author keywords

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy; N acetyl aspartate; Obsessive compulsive disorder; Pediatric; Thalamus

Indexed keywords

CHOLINE; CREATINE; CREATINE PHOSPHATE; N ACETYLASPARTIC ACID;

EID: 0033984804     PISSN: 00063223     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0006-3223(99)00286-3     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (111)

References (66)
  • 1
    • 0025613142 scopus 로고
    • Basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuits: Parallel substrates for motor, oculomotor, "prefrontal" and "limbic" functions
    • In: Uylings HBM, VanEden CG, DeBruin JPC, Corner MA, Feenstra MGP, editors. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science
    • Alexander GE, Crutcher MD, DeLong MR (1990): Basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuits: Parallel substrates for motor, oculomotor, "prefrontal" and "limbic" functions. In: Uylings HBM, VanEden CG, DeBruin JPC, Corner MA, Feenstra MGP, editors. Progress in Brain Research. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science, 119-146.
    • (1990) Progress in Brain Research , pp. 119-146
    • Alexander, G.E.1    Crutcher, M.D.2    DeLong, M.R.3
  • 4
    • 0028034202 scopus 로고
    • Thalamic abnormalities in schizophrenics visualized through magnetic resonance image averaging
    • Andreason N.C., Arndt S., Swayze V., Cizadlo T., Flaum M., O'Leary D., et al. Thalamic abnormalities in schizophrenics visualized through magnetic resonance image averaging. Science. 266:1994;294-298.
    • (1994) Science , vol.266 , pp. 294-298
    • Andreason, N.C.1    Arndt, S.2    Swayze, V.3    Cizadlo, T.4    Flaum, M.5    O'Leary, D.6
  • 5
    • 0017715978 scopus 로고
    • The family history method using diagnostic criteria: Reliability and validity
    • Andreason N.C., Endicott J., Spitzer R.L., Winokur G. The family history method using diagnostic criteria Reliability and validity . Arch Gen Psychiatry. 34:1977;1229-1335.
    • (1977) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.34 , pp. 1229-1335
    • Andreason, N.C.1    Endicott, J.2    Spitzer, R.L.3    Winokur, G.4
  • 7
    • 0031596210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1H spectroscopy and volumetric MRI study of the corpus striatum in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder and comparison subjects
    • 1H spectroscopy and volumetric MRI study of the corpus striatum in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder and comparison subjects. Am J Psychiatry. 155:1998;1584-1591.
    • (1998) Am J Psychiatry , vol.155 , pp. 1584-1591
    • Bartha, R.1    Stein, M.2    Williamson, P.C.3    Drost, D.J.4    Neufeld, R.W.5    Carr, T.J.6
  • 8
    • 0002476296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain mediation of obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms: Evidence from functional brain imaging studies in the human and nonhuman primate
    • Baxter L.R. Jr, Saxena S., Brody A.L., Ackermann R.F., Colgan M., Schwartz J.M., et al. Brain mediation of obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms Evidence from functional brain imaging studies in the human and nonhuman primate . Semin Clin Neuropsychiatry. 1:1996;32-47.
    • (1996) Semin Clin Neuropsychiatry , vol.1 , pp. 32-47
    • Baxter L.R., Jr.1    Saxena, S.2    Brody, A.L.3    Ackermann, R.F.4    Colgan, M.5    Schwartz, J.M.6
  • 9
    • 0026779811 scopus 로고
    • Caudate glucose metabolic rate changes with both drug and behavior therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder
    • Baxter L.R. Jr, Schwartz J.M., Bergman K.S. Caudate glucose metabolic rate changes with both drug and behavior therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 49:1992;681-689.
    • (1992) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.49 , pp. 681-689
    • Baxter L.R., Jr.1    Schwartz, J.M.2    Bergman, K.S.3
  • 10
    • 0025146513 scopus 로고
    • Local cerebral glucose metabolic rates in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Patients treated with clomipramine
    • Benkelfat C., Nordahl T.E., Semple W.E., King A.C., Murphy D.L., Cohen R.M. Local cerebral glucose metabolic rates in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Patients treated with clomipramine. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 47:1990;840-848.
    • (1990) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.47 , pp. 840-848
    • Benkelfat, C.1    Nordahl, T.E.2    Semple, W.E.3    King, A.C.4    Murphy, D.L.5    Cohen, R.M.6
  • 11
    • 0016191257 scopus 로고
    • Compulsive gnawing in rats after implantation of drugs into the ventral thalamus. A contribution to the mechanism of morphine action
    • Bergmann F., Chaimovitz M., Pasternak V., Ramu A. Compulsive gnawing in rats after implantation of drugs into the ventral thalamus. A contribution to the mechanism of morphine action. Br J Pharmacol. 51:1974;197-205.
    • (1974) Br J Pharmacol , vol.51 , pp. 197-205
    • Bergmann, F.1    Chaimovitz, M.2    Pasternak, V.3    Ramu, A.4
  • 12
    • 0029813509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obsessive-compulsive disorder associated with brain lesions: Clinical phenomenology, cognitive function, and anatomic correlates
    • Berthier M.L., Kulisevsky J., Gironell A., Heras J.A. Obsessive-compulsive disorder associated with brain lesions Clinical phenomenology, cognitive function, and anatomic correlates . Neurology. 47:1996;353-361.
    • (1996) Neurology , vol.47 , pp. 353-361
    • Berthier, M.L.1    Kulisevsky, J.2    Gironell, A.3    Heras, J.A.4
  • 13
    • 0024325294 scopus 로고
    • N-Acetyl-L-aspartic acid: A literature review of a compound prominent in 1H-NMR spectroscopic studies of brain
    • Birken D.L., Oldendorf W.H. N-Acetyl-L-aspartic acid A literature review of a compound prominent in 1H-NMR spectroscopic studies of brain . Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 13:1989;23-31.
    • (1989) Neurosci Biobehav Rev , vol.13 , pp. 23-31
    • Birken, D.L.1    Oldendorf, W.H.2
  • 15
    • 0030053697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PET and MRI of the thalamus in never-medicated patients with schizophrenia
    • Buchsbaum M.S., Someya T., Teng C.Y., Abel L., Chin S., Najafi A., et al. PET and MRI of the thalamus in never-medicated patients with schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry. 153:1996;191-199.
    • (1996) Am J Psychiatry , vol.153 , pp. 191-199
    • Buchsbaum, M.S.1    Someya, T.2    Teng, C.Y.3    Abel, L.4    Chin, S.5    Najafi, A.6
  • 16
    • 0027952561 scopus 로고
    • Lateralization of temporal lobe epilepsy based on regional metabolic abnormalities in proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic images
    • Cendes F., Andermann F., Preul M.C., Arnold D.L. Lateralization of temporal lobe epilepsy based on regional metabolic abnormalities in proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic images. Ann Neurol. 35:1994;211-216.
    • (1994) Ann Neurol , vol.35 , pp. 211-216
    • Cendes, F.1    Andermann, F.2    Preul, M.C.3    Arnold, D.L.4
  • 17
    • 0028141509 scopus 로고
    • Increase in caudate nuclei volumes of first-episode schizophrenic patients taking antipsychotic drugs
    • Chakos M.H., Lieberman J.A., Bilder R.M., Borenstein M., Lerner G., Bogerts B., et al. Increase in caudate nuclei volumes of first-episode schizophrenic patients taking antipsychotic drugs. Am J Psychiatry. 151:1994;1430-1436.
    • (1994) Am J Psychiatry , vol.151 , pp. 1430-1436
    • Chakos, M.H.1    Lieberman, J.A.2    Bilder, R.M.3    Borenstein, M.4    Lerner, G.5    Bogerts, B.6
  • 18
    • 0002032426 scopus 로고
    • Neurosurgical therapy of obsessive compulsive disorder
    • M.A. Jenike, L. Baer, & W.E. Minichiello. Chicago: Year Book Medical Publishing. 2nd ed
    • Chiocca E.A., Martuza R.L. Neurosurgical therapy of obsessive compulsive disorder. Jenike M.A., Baer L., Minichiello W.E. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Diagnosis and Treatment. 1990;283-294 Year Book Medical Publishing, Chicago. 2nd ed.
    • (1990) Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Diagnosis and Treatment , pp. 283-294
    • Chiocca, E.A.1    Martuza, R.L.2
  • 19
    • 0343354713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A controlled positron emission tomography study of obsessive and neutral auditory stimulation in obsessive-compulsive disorder with checking rituals
    • Cottraux J., Gerard D., Cinotti L., Froment J.C., Deiber M.P., Le Bars D., et al. A controlled positron emission tomography study of obsessive and neutral auditory stimulation in obsessive-compulsive disorder with checking rituals. Psychiatry Res. 6:1996;111-118.
    • (1996) Psychiatry Res , vol.6 , pp. 111-118
    • Cottraux, J.1    Gerard, D.2    Cinotti, L.3    Froment, J.C.4    Deiber, M.P.5    Le Bars, D.6
  • 21
    • 0027501302 scopus 로고
    • Fast proton spectroscopic imaging of human brain using multiple spin-echoes
    • Duyn J.H., Moonen C.T. Fast proton spectroscopic imaging of human brain using multiple spin-echoes. Magn Reson Med. 30:1993;409-414.
    • (1993) Magn Reson Med , vol.30 , pp. 409-414
    • Duyn, J.H.1    Moonen, C.T.2
  • 22
    • 0031552516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1-H-Magnetic resonance spectroscopy in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Evidence for neuronal loss in the cingulate gyrus and the right striatum
    • Ebert D., Speck O., Konig A., Berger M., Hennig J., Hohagen F. 1-H-Magnetic resonance spectroscopy in obsessive-compulsive disorder Evidence for neuronal loss in the cingulate gyrus and the right striatum . Psychiatry Res. 74:1997;173-176.
    • (1997) Psychiatry Res , vol.74 , pp. 173-176
    • Ebert, D.1    Speck, O.2    Konig, A.3    Berger, M.4    Hennig, J.5    Hohagen, F.6
  • 23
    • 0028274860 scopus 로고
    • N-Acetylaspartate as an in vivo marker of neuronal viability in kainate-induced status epilepticus: 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging
    • Ebisu T., Rooney W.D., Graham S.H., Weiner M.W., Maudsley A.A. N-Acetylaspartate as an in vivo marker of neuronal viability in kainate-induced status epilepticus 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging . J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 14:1994;373-382.
    • (1994) J Cereb Blood Flow Metab , vol.14 , pp. 373-382
    • Ebisu, T.1    Rooney, W.D.2    Graham, S.H.3    Weiner, M.W.4    Maudsley, A.A.5
  • 29
    • 51549099524 scopus 로고
    • The assessment of anxiety states by rating
    • Hamilton M. The assessment of anxiety states by rating. Br J Med Psychol. 32:1959;50-55.
    • (1959) Br J Med Psychol , vol.32 , pp. 50-55
    • Hamilton, M.1
  • 30
    • 0014186152 scopus 로고
    • Development of a rating scale for primary depressive illness
    • Hamilton M. Development of a rating scale for primary depressive illness. Br J Soc Clin Psychol. 6:1967;278-296.
    • (1967) Br J Soc Clin Psychol , vol.6 , pp. 278-296
    • Hamilton, M.1
  • 31
    • 0028804438 scopus 로고
    • Demographic and clinical features of obsessive-compulsive disorder in children and adolescents
    • Hanna G.L. Demographic and clinical features of obsessive-compulsive disorder in children and adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 34:1995;19-27.
    • (1995) J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry , vol.34 , pp. 19-27
    • Hanna, G.L.1
  • 33
    • 0003405088 scopus 로고
    • Unpublished manuscript, Yale University, Department of Sociology, New Haven, CT
    • Hollingshead AB (1978): Four factor index of social status. Unpublished manuscript, Yale University, Department of Sociology, New Haven, CT.
    • (1978) Four Factor Index of Social Status
    • Hollingshead, A.B.1
  • 34
    • 0029737824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of k-space sampling schemes for multidimensional MR spectroscopic imaging
    • Hugg J.W., Maudsley A.A., Weiner M.W., Matson G.B. Comparison of k-space sampling schemes for multidimensional MR spectroscopic imaging. Magn Reson Med. 36:1996;469-473.
    • (1996) Magn Reson Med , vol.36 , pp. 469-473
    • Hugg, J.W.1    Maudsley, A.A.2    Weiner, M.W.3    Matson, G.B.4
  • 35
    • 0030954243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children - Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL): Initial reliability and validity data
    • Kaufman J., Birmaher B., Brent D., Rao U., Flynn C., Moreci P., et al. Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children - Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) Initial reliability and validity data . J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 36:1997;980-988.
    • (1997) J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry , vol.36 , pp. 980-988
    • Kaufman, J.1    Birmaher, B.2    Brent, D.3    Rao, U.4    Flynn, C.5    Moreci, P.6
  • 38
    • 0024390848 scopus 로고
    • Obsessive-compulsive and other behavioral changes with bilateral basal ganglia lesions. A neuropsychological, magnetic resonance imaging and positron tomography study
    • Laplane D., Levasseur M., Pillon B., Dubois B., Baulac M., Mazoyer B., et al. Obsessive-compulsive and other behavioral changes with bilateral basal ganglia lesions. A neuropsychological, magnetic resonance imaging and positron tomography study. Brain. 112:(pt 3):1989;699-725.
    • (1989) Brain , vol.112 , Issue.PT 3 , pp. 699-725
    • Laplane, D.1    Levasseur, M.2    Pillon, B.3    Dubois, B.4    Baulac, M.5    Mazoyer, B.6
  • 40
    • 0029555563 scopus 로고
    • Regional cerebral blood flow in obsessive-compulsive disordered patients at rest. Differential correlates with obsessive-compulsive and anxious-avoidant dimensions
    • Lucey J.V., Costa D.C., Blanes T., Busatto G.F., Pilowsky L.S., Takei N., et al. Regional cerebral blood flow in obsessive-compulsive disordered patients at rest. Differential correlates with obsessive-compulsive and anxious-avoidant dimensions. Br J Psychiatry. 167:1995;629-634.
    • (1995) Br J Psychiatry , vol.167 , pp. 629-634
    • Lucey, J.V.1    Costa, D.C.2    Blanes, T.3    Busatto, G.F.4    Pilowsky, L.S.5    Takei, N.6
  • 41
    • 0030059064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional gray and white matter metabolite differences in subjects with AD, with subcortical ischemic vascular dementia, and elderly controls with 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging
    • MacKay S., Meyerhoff D.J., Constans J.M. Regional gray and white matter metabolite differences in subjects with AD, with subcortical ischemic vascular dementia, and elderly controls with 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging. Arch Neurol. 53:1996;167-174.
    • (1996) Arch Neurol , vol.53 , pp. 167-174
    • MacKay, S.1    Meyerhoff, D.J.2    Constans, J.M.3
  • 42
    • 0028868860 scopus 로고
    • Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy: An in vivo method of estimating hippocampal neuronal depletion in schizophrenia
    • Maier M., Ron M.A., Barker G.J., Tofts P.S. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy An in vivo method of estimating hippocampal neuronal depletion in schizophrenia . Psychol Med. 25:1995;1201-1209.
    • (1995) Psychol Med , vol.25 , pp. 1201-1209
    • Maier, M.1    Ron, M.A.2    Barker, G.J.3    Tofts, P.S.4
  • 44
    • 0027535032 scopus 로고
    • Absolute concentrations of metabolites in the adult human brain in vivo: Quantification of localized proton MR spectra
    • Michaelis T., Merboldt K.D., Bruhn H., Hanicke W., Frahm J. Absolute concentrations of metabolites in the adult human brain in vivo Quantification of localized proton MR spectra . Radiology. 187:1993;219-227.
    • (1993) Radiology , vol.187 , pp. 219-227
    • Michaelis, T.1    Merboldt, K.D.2    Bruhn, H.3    Hanicke, W.4    Frahm, J.5
  • 45
    • 0024427173 scopus 로고
    • Neurophysiologic dysfunction in basal ganglia/limbic striatal and thalamocortical circuits as a pathogenetic mechanism of obsessive-compulsive disorder
    • Modell J.G., Mountz J.M., Curtis G.C., Greden J.F. Neurophysiologic dysfunction in basal ganglia/limbic striatal and thalamocortical circuits as a pathogenetic mechanism of obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1:1989;27-36.
    • (1989) J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci , vol.1 , pp. 27-36
    • Modell, J.G.1    Mountz, J.M.2    Curtis, G.C.3    Greden, J.F.4
  • 46
    • 0031772498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in pediatric neuroradiology
    • Moore G.J. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in pediatric neuroradiology. Pediatr Radiol. 28:1998;805-814.
    • (1998) Pediatr Radiol , vol.28 , pp. 805-814
    • Moore, G.J.1
  • 47
    • 0026633805 scopus 로고
    • The volume of the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus in treated and untreated schizophrenics
    • Pakkenberg B. The volume of the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus in treated and untreated schizophrenics. Schizophr Res. 7:1992;95-100.
    • (1992) Schizophr Res , vol.7 , pp. 95-100
    • Pakkenberg, B.1
  • 49
    • 0028982515 scopus 로고
    • [18F] FDG PET study in obsessive-compulsive disorder. A clinical/metabolic correlation study after treatment
    • Perani D., Colombo C., Bressi S., Bonfanti A., Grassi F., Scarone S., et al. [18F] FDG PET study in obsessive-compulsive disorder. A clinical/metabolic correlation study after treatment. Br J Psychiatry. 166:1995;244-250.
    • (1995) Br J Psychiatry , vol.166 , pp. 244-250
    • Perani, D.1    Colombo, C.2    Bressi, S.3    Bonfanti, A.4    Grassi, F.5    Scarone, S.6
  • 50
    • 0032080063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Volumetric evaluation of the thalamus in schizophrenic male patients using magnetic resonance imaging
    • Portas C.M., Goldstein J.M., Sheton M.E., Hokama H.H., Wible C.G., Fischer I., et al. Volumetric evaluation of the thalamus in schizophrenic male patients using magnetic resonance imaging. Biol Psychiatry. 43:1998;649-659.
    • (1998) Biol Psychiatry , vol.43 , pp. 649-659
    • Portas, C.M.1    Goldstein, J.M.2    Sheton, M.E.3    Hokama, H.H.4    Wible, C.G.5    Fischer, I.6
  • 51
    • 0022889762 scopus 로고
    • Compulsive thalamic self-stimulation: A case with metabolic, electrophysiologic and behavioral correlates
    • Portenoy R.K., Jarden J.O., Sidtis J.J., Lipton R.B., Foley K.M., Rottenberg D.A. Compulsive thalamic self-stimulation A case with metabolic, electrophysiologic and behavioral correlates . Pain. 27:1986;277-290.
    • (1986) Pain , vol.27 , pp. 277-290
    • Portenoy, R.K.1    Jarden, J.O.2    Sidtis, J.J.3    Lipton, R.B.4    Foley, K.M.5    Rottenberg, D.A.6
  • 52
    • 0028036323 scopus 로고
    • Regional cerebral blood flow measured during symptom provocation in obsessive-compulsive disorder using oxygen 15-labeled carbon dioxide and positron emission tomography
    • Rauch S.L., Jenike M.A., Alpert N.M., Baer L., Breiter H.C., Savage C.R. Regional cerebral blood flow measured during symptom provocation in obsessive-compulsive disorder using oxygen 15-labeled carbon dioxide and positron emission tomography. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 51:1994;62-70.
    • (1994) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.51 , pp. 62-70
    • Rauch, S.L.1    Jenike, M.A.2    Alpert, N.M.3    Baer, L.4    Breiter, H.C.5    Savage, C.R.6
  • 53
    • 0032080131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward a neurodevelopmental model of obsessive compulsive disorder
    • Rosenberg D.R., Keshavan M.S. Toward a neurodevelopmental model of obsessive compulsive disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 43:1998;623-640.
    • (1998) Biol Psychiatry , vol.43 , pp. 623-640
    • Rosenberg, D.R.1    Keshavan, M.S.2
  • 55
    • 0029935519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functions of iontropic and metatropic glutamate receptors in sensory transmission in the mammalian thalamus
    • Salt T.E., Eaton S.A. Functions of iontropic and metatropic glutamate receptors in sensory transmission in the mammalian thalamus. Prog Neurobiol. 48:1996;55-72.
    • (1996) Prog Neurobiol , vol.48 , pp. 55-72
    • Salt, T.E.1    Eaton, S.A.2
  • 56
    • 0030765270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of marble burying behavior: Induced alteration of monoamine metabolism in mouse brain
    • Sasaki K., Miyakawa M., Sudo T., Yoshizaki F. Evaluation of marble burying behavior Induced alteration of monoamine metabolism in mouse brain . Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi. 110:1997;205-213.
    • (1997) Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi , vol.110 , pp. 205-213
    • Sasaki, K.1    Miyakawa, M.2    Sudo, T.3    Yoshizaki, F.4
  • 57
    • 0026480753 scopus 로고
    • Increased right caudate nucleus size in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Detection with magnetic resonance imaging
    • Scarone S., Colombo C., Livian S., Abbruzzese M., Ronchi P., Locatelli M., et al. Increased right caudate nucleus size in obsessive-compulsive disorder Detection with magnetic resonance imaging . Psychiatry Res. 45:1992;115-121.
    • (1992) Psychiatry Res , vol.45 , pp. 115-121
    • Scarone, S.1    Colombo, C.2    Livian, S.3    Abbruzzese, M.4    Ronchi, P.5    Locatelli, M.6
  • 58
    • 0030050039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative proton MR spectroscopic imaging of the human brain
    • Soher B.J., van Zijl P.C., Duyn J.H., Barker P.B. Quantitative proton MR spectroscopic imaging of the human brain. Magn Reson Med. 35:1996;356-363.
    • (1996) Magn Reson Med , vol.35 , pp. 356-363
    • Soher, B.J.1    Van Zijl, P.C.2    Duyn, J.H.3    Barker, P.B.4
  • 61
    • 0028978925 scopus 로고
    • N-Acetylaspartate in neuropsychiatric disorders
    • Tsai G., Coyle J.T. N-Acetylaspartate in neuropsychiatric disorders. Prog Neurobiol. 46:1995;531-540.
    • (1995) Prog Neurobiol , vol.46 , pp. 531-540
    • Tsai, G.1    Coyle, J.T.2
  • 62
    • 0026633564 scopus 로고
    • Specific expression of N-acetylaspartate in neurons, oligodendrocyte-type-2 astrocyte progenitors, and immature oligodendrocytes in vitro
    • Urenjak J., Williams S.R., Gadian D.G., Noble M. Specific expression of N-acetylaspartate in neurons, oligodendrocyte-type-2 astrocyte progenitors, and immature oligodendrocytes in vitro. J Neurochem. 59:1992;55-61.
    • (1992) J Neurochem , vol.59 , pp. 55-61
    • Urenjak, J.1    Williams, S.R.2    Gadian, D.G.3    Noble, M.4
  • 64
    • 0028817270 scopus 로고
    • Reversal of brain metabolic alterations with zidovudine detected by proton localized magnetic resonance spectroscopy
    • Vion-Dury J., Nicoli F., Salvan A.M., Confort-Gouny S., Dhiver C., Cozzone P.J. Reversal of brain metabolic alterations with zidovudine detected by proton localized magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Lancet. 345:1995;60-61.
    • (1995) Lancet , vol.345 , pp. 60-61
    • Vion-Dury, J.1    Nicoli, F.2    Salvan, A.M.3    Confort-Gouny, S.4    Dhiver, C.5    Cozzone, P.J.6
  • 66
    • 0025769773 scopus 로고
    • Assessment and treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder in children
    • Wolff R.P., Wolff L.S. Assessment and treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder in children. Behav Modif. 15:1991;372-393.
    • (1991) Behav Modif , vol.15 , pp. 372-393
    • Wolff, R.P.1    Wolff, L.S.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.