메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 22, Issue 1, 2000, Pages 19-31

A risk-benefit assessment of interleukin-2 as an adjunct to antiviral therapy in HIV infection

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIHISTAMINIC AGENT; ANTIRETROVIRUS AGENT; ATROPINE PLUS DIPHENOXYLATE; CD4 ANTIGEN; CODEINE PHOSPHATE; CYTOKINE; DIPHENHYDRAMINE; DROPERIDOL; GRANISETRON; IBUPROFEN; LEVOTHYROXINE; LOPERAMIDE; LORAZEPAM; MORPHINE; ONDANSETRON; OPIATE; PARACETAMOL; PETHIDINE; PROCHLORPERAZINE; PROMETHAZINE; RECOMBINANT INTERLEUKIN 2; TEMAZEPAM; ZOLPIDEM;

EID: 0033965995     PISSN: 01145916     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2165/00002018-200022010-00003     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (12)

References (58)
  • 1
    • 2642709177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Declining morbidity and mortality among patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection: HIV outpatient study investigators
    • Mar 26
    • 1. Palella Jr FJ, Delaney KM, Moorman AC, et al. Declining morbidity and mortality among patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection: HIV Outpatient Study Investigators. N Engl J Med 1998 Mar 26; 338: 853-60
    • (1998) N Engl J Med , vol.338 , pp. 853-860
    • Palella F.J., Jr.1    Delaney, K.M.2    Moorman, A.C.3
  • 2
    • 0021925085 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-2 enhances the natural killer cell activity of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients through a γ-interferon-dependent mechanism
    • 2. Rook AH, Hooks JJ, Quinnan GV, et al. Interleukin-2 enhances the natural killer cell activity of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients through a γ-interferon-dependent mechanism. J Immunol 1985; 134: 1503-7
    • (1985) J Immunol , vol.134 , pp. 1503-1507
    • Rook, A.H.1    Hooks, J.J.2    Quinnan, G.V.3
  • 3
    • 0020578618 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-2 enhances the depressed natural killer and cytomegalovirus-specific cytotoxic activities of lymphocytes from patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
    • 3. Rook AH, Masur H, Lane HC, et al. Interleukin-2 enhances the depressed natural killer and cytomegalovirus-specific cytotoxic activities of lymphocytes from patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. J Clin Invest 1983; 72: 398-403
    • (1983) J Clin Invest , vol.72 , pp. 398-403
    • Rook, A.H.1    Masur, H.2    Lane, H.C.3
  • 4
    • 0023840280 scopus 로고
    • Defective T-cell colony formation and IL-2 receptor expression at all stages of HIV infection
    • 4. Winkelstein A, Kingsley LA, Klein RS, et al. Defective T-cell colony formation and IL-2 receptor expression at all stages of HIV infection. Clin Exp Immunol 1988; 71: 417-22
    • (1988) Clin Exp Immunol , vol.71 , pp. 417-422
    • Winkelstein, A.1    Kingsley, L.A.2    Klein, R.S.3
  • 5
    • 0023907493 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-2: Inception, impact and implications
    • 5. Smith K. Interleukin-2: inception, impact and implications. Science 1988; 240: 1169-76
    • (1988) Science , vol.240 , pp. 1169-1176
    • Smith, K.1
  • 6
    • 16944367032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV infection induces changes in CD4+ T-cell phenotype within the CD4+ cell repertoire that are not immediately restored by antiviral or immune-based therapies
    • 6. Connors M, Kovacs JA, Krevat S, et al. HIV infection induces changes in CD4+ T-cell phenotype within the CD4+ cell repertoire that are not immediately restored by antiviral or immune-based therapies. Nat Med 1997; 3: 533-40
    • (1997) Nat Med , vol.3 , pp. 533-540
    • Connors, M.1    Kovacs, J.A.2    Krevat, S.3
  • 7
    • 0013610170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Controlled trial of interleukin-2 infusions in patients with the human immunodeficiency virus
    • 7. Kovacs JA, Vogel S, Albert JM, et al. Controlled trial of interleukin-2 infusions in patients with the human immunodeficiency virus. N Engl J Med 1996; 335: 1350-6
    • (1996) N Engl J Med , vol.335 , pp. 1350-1356
    • Kovacs, J.A.1    Vogel, S.2    Albert, J.M.3
  • 9
    • 0031680651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outpatient continuous intravenous interleukin-2 or subcutaneous, polyethylene glycol-modified interleukin-2 in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients: A randomized, controlled, multicenter study
    • 9. Carr A, Emery S, Lloyd A, et al. Outpatient continuous intravenous interleukin-2 or subcutaneous, polyethylene glycol-modified interleukin-2 in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients: a randomized, controlled, multicenter study. J Infect Dis 1998; 178: 992-9
    • (1998) J Infect Dis , vol.178 , pp. 992-999
    • Carr, A.1    Emery, S.2    Lloyd, A.3
  • 10
    • 16944364282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subcutaneous administration of interleukin-2 in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected persons
    • 10. Davey Jr RT, Chaitt DG, Piscitelli SC, et al. Subcutaneous administration of interleukin-2 in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected persons. J Infect Dis 1997; 175: 781-9
    • (1997) J Infect Dis , vol.175 , pp. 781-789
    • Davey R.T., Jr.1    Chaitt, D.G.2    Piscitelli, S.C.3
  • 12
    • 0039833315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IL-2 in HIV patients: A randomized trial comparing SC, PEG, CIV IL-2 with AZT + ddI
    • Jun 28-Jul 3; Geneva, Switzerland
    • 12. Levy Y, Capitant C, Houhou S, et al. IL-2 in HIV patients: a randomized trial comparing SC, PEG, CIV IL-2 with AZT + ddI. Abstracts of the 12th World AIDS Conference; 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; Geneva, Switzerland
    • (1998) Abstract of the 12th World AIDS Conference
    • Levy, Y.1    Capitant, C.2    Houhou, S.3
  • 13
    • 0033017140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of low-dose subcutaneous interleukin-2 to treat advanced human immunodeficiency versus type 1 in persons with ≥250/ml CD4 T cells and undetectable plasma virus load
    • 13. Arno A, Ruiz L, Juan M, et al. Efficacy of low-dose subcutaneous interleukin-2 to treat advanced human immunodeficiency versus type 1 in persons with ≥250/ml CD4 T cells and undetectable plasma virus load. J Infect Dis 1999; 180: 56-60
    • (1999) J Infect Dis , vol.180 , pp. 56-60
    • Arno, A.1    Ruiz, L.2    Juan, M.3
  • 14
    • 85038058210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics, tolerance, and immunomodulatory activity of recombinant IL-2 in HIV-infected children and adolescents: Results of a pilot study [abstract 222]
    • Feb 1-5; Chicago (IL)
    • 14. Wood LV, Wiggington JM, Zuckerman J, et al. Pharmacokinetics, tolerance, and immunomodulatory activity of recombinant IL-2 in HIV-infected children and adolescents: results of a pilot study [abstract 222]. Abstracts of the 5th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections; 1998 Feb 1-5; Chicago (IL)
    • (1998) Abstract of the 5th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections
    • Wood, L.V.1    Wiggington, J.M.2    Zuckerman, J.3
  • 15
    • 0001027244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial of high-versus low-dose subcutaneous interleukin-2 outpatient therapy for early human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection
    • 15. Davey RT, Chaitt DG, Alberet JM, et al. A randomized trial of high-versus low-dose subcutaneous interleukin-2 outpatient therapy for early human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. J Infect Dis 1999; 179: 849-58
    • (1999) J Infect Dis , vol.179 , pp. 849-858
    • Davey, R.T.1    Chaitt, D.G.2    Alberet, J.M.3
  • 16
    • 85038065843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized, controlled multicenter trial of subcutaneous interleukin-2 therapy in HIV infected patients with CD4 counts 200-500 cells/μi [abstract 357]
    • Jan 31-Feb 4; Chicago (IL)
    • 16. Davey RT, Murphy R, Graziano F, et al. A randomized, controlled multicenter trial of subcutaneous interleukin-2 therapy in HIV infected patients with CD4 counts 200-500 cells/μI [abstract 357]. Abstracts of the 6th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections; 1999 Jan 31-Feb 4; Chicago (IL)
    • (1999) Abstracts of the 6th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections
    • Davey, R.T.1    Murphy, R.2    Graziano, F.3
  • 20
    • 0028912032 scopus 로고
    • Increases in CD4 T lymphocytes with intermittent courses of interleukin-2 in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection - A preliminary study
    • 20. Kovacs JA, Baseler M, Dewar RJ, et al. Increases in CD4 T lymphocytes with intermittent courses of interleukin-2 in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection - a preliminary study. N Engl J Med 1995; 332: 567-75
    • (1995) N Engl J Med , vol.332 , pp. 567-575
    • Kovacs, J.A.1    Baseler, M.2    Dewar, R.J.3
  • 21
    • 0029766860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of subcutaneous interleukin-2 in HIV-infected patients
    • 21. Piscitelli SC, Wells MJ, Metcalf JA, et al. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of subcutaneous interleukin-2 in HIV-infected patients. Pharmacotherapy 1996; 16: 754-9
    • (1996) Pharmacotherapy , vol.16 , pp. 754-759
    • Piscitelli, S.C.1    Wells, M.J.2    Metcalf, J.A.3
  • 22
    • 0031424936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rational interleukin-2 therapy
    • 22. Smith KA. Rational interleukin-2 therapy. Cancer J Sci Am 1997; 3 Suppl. 1: S137-40
    • (1997) Cancer J Sci Am , vol.3 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Smith, K.A.1
  • 23
    • 0024231234 scopus 로고
    • Induction of circulating tumor necrosis factor (TNF alpha) as the mechanism for the febrile response to interleukin-2 (IL-2) in cancer patients
    • Nov
    • 23. Mier JW, Vachino G, van der Meer JW, et al. Induction of circulating tumor necrosis factor (TNF alpha) as the mechanism for the febrile response to interleukin-2 (IL-2) in cancer patients. J Clin Immunol 1988 Nov; 8 (6): 426-36
    • (1988) J Clin Immunol , vol.8 , Issue.6 , pp. 426-436
    • Mier, J.W.1    Vachino, G.2    Van Der Meer, J.W.3
  • 24
    • 0025250697 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of interleukin-2-induced tumor necrosis factor release by dexamethasone: Prevention of an acquired neutrophil chemotaxis defect and differential suppression of interleukin-2-associated side effects
    • 24. Mier JW, Vachino G, Klempner MS, et al. Inhibition of interleukin-2-induced tumor necrosis factor release by dexamethasone: prevention of an acquired neutrophil chemotaxis defect and differential suppression of interleukin-2-associated side effects [see comments]. Blood 1990; 76 (10): 1933-40
    • (1990) Blood , vol.76 , Issue.10 , pp. 1933-1940
    • Mier, J.W.1    Vachino, G.2    Klempner, M.S.3
  • 25
    • 0027717736 scopus 로고
    • Low-dose recombinant interleukin-2 therapy: Rationale and potential clinical applications
    • 25. Caligiuri MA. Low-dose recombinant interleukin-2 therapy: rationale and potential clinical applications. Semin Oncol 1993; 20 (6 Suppl. 9): 3-10
    • (1993) Semin Oncol , vol.20 , Issue.6 SUPPL. 9 , pp. 3-10
    • Caligiuri, M.A.1
  • 26
    • 0027510415 scopus 로고
    • Lowest dose interleukin-2 immunotherapy
    • 26. Smith KA. Lowest dose interleukin-2 immunotherapy [see comments]. Blood 1993; 81 (6): 1414-23
    • (1993) Blood , vol.81 , Issue.6 , pp. 1414-1423
    • Smith, K.A.1
  • 27
    • 0019787148 scopus 로고
    • T cell growth factor receptor: Quantitation, specificity, and biological relevance
    • 27. Robb RJ, Munck A, Smith KA. T cell growth factor receptor: quantitation, specificity, and biological relevance. J Exp Med 1981; 154 (5): 1455-74
    • (1981) J Exp Med , vol.154 , Issue.5 , pp. 1455-1474
    • Robb, R.J.1    Munck, A.2    Smith, K.A.3
  • 28
    • 0024441816 scopus 로고
    • The interleukin-2 receptor
    • 28. Smith KA. The interleukin-2 receptor. Annu Rev Cell Biol 1989; 5: 397-45
    • (1989) Annu Rev Cell Biol , vol.5 , pp. 397-445
    • Smith, K.A.1
  • 29
    • 0027393393 scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of low doses of polyethylene glycol derivative of interleukin-2 in modulating the immune response of patents with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection
    • 29. Teppler H, Kaplan G, Smith KA, et al. Efficacy of low doses of polyethylene glycol derivative of interleukin-2 in modulating the immune response of patents with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. J Infect Dis 1993; 167: 291-8
    • (1993) J Infect Dis , vol.167 , pp. 291-298
    • Teppler, H.1    Kaplan, G.2    Smith, K.A.3
  • 30
    • 0027401244 scopus 로고
    • Prolonged immunostimulatory effect of low-dose polyethylene glycol interleukin-2 in patients with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection
    • 30. Teppler H, Kaplan G, Smith KA, et al. Prolonged immunostimulatory effect of low-dose polyethylene glycol interleukin-2 in patients with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. J Exp Med 1993; 177: 483-92
    • (1993) J Exp Med , vol.177 , pp. 483-492
    • Teppler, H.1    Kaplan, G.2    Smith, K.A.3
  • 31
    • 0027397013 scopus 로고
    • Safety and efficacy of polyethylene glycol-modified interleukin-2 and zidovudine in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection: A phase I/II study
    • 31. Wood R, Montoya JG, Kundu SK, et al. Safety and efficacy of polyethylene glycol-modified interleukin-2 and zidovudine in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection: a phase I/II study. J Infect Dis 1993; 167: 519-25
    • (1993) J Infect Dis , vol.167 , pp. 519-525
    • Wood, R.1    Montoya, J.G.2    Kundu, S.K.3
  • 32
    • 0029811148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rational interleukin-2 therapy for HIV positive individuals: Daily low doses enhance immune function without toxicity
    • 32. Jacobson EL, Pilaro F, Smith KA. Rational interleukin-2 therapy for HIV positive individuals: daily low doses enhance immune function without toxicity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1996; 93: 10405-10
    • (1996) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.93 , pp. 10405-10410
    • Jacobson, E.L.1    Pilaro, F.2    Smith, K.A.3
  • 33
    • 0028840964 scopus 로고
    • Prolonged administration of low-dose interleukin-2 in human immunodeficiency virus-associated malignancy results in selective expansion of innate immune effectors without significant clinical toxicity
    • 33. Bernstein ZP, Porter MM, Gould M, et al. Prolonged administration of low-dose interleukin-2 in human immunodeficiency virus-associated malignancy results in selective expansion of innate immune effectors without significant clinical toxicity. Blood 1995; 86 (9): 3287-94
    • (1995) Blood , vol.86 , Issue.9 , pp. 3287-3294
    • Bernstein, Z.P.1    Porter, M.M.2    Gould, M.3
  • 34
    • 0002302709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A phase II study of daily subcutaneous low dose interleukin-2 in HIV-associated malignancies
    • 34. Bernstein ZP, Barresi G, Gould M, et al. A phase II study of daily subcutaneous low dose interleukin-2 in HIV-associated malignancies [abstract]. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol 1997; 14: A40
    • (1997) J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol , vol.14
    • Bernstein, Z.P.1    Barresi, G.2    Gould, M.3
  • 35
    • 0022500654 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of virus infections by natural killer cells: A review
    • 35. Welsh RM. Regulation of virus infections by natural killer cells: a review. Nat Immune Cell Growth Regul 1986; 5 (4): 169-99
    • (1986) Nat Immune Cell Growth Regul , vol.5 , Issue.4 , pp. 169-199
    • Welsh, R.M.1
  • 36
    • 0027531423 scopus 로고
    • Selective modulation of human natural killer cells in vivo after prolonged infusion of low dose recombinant interleukin-2
    • 36. Caligiuri MA, Murray C, Robertson MJ, et al. Selective modulation of human natural killer cells in vivo after prolonged infusion of low dose recombinant interleukin-2. J Clin Invest 1993; 91: 123-32
    • (1993) J Clin Invest , vol.91 , pp. 123-132
    • Caligiuri, M.A.1    Murray, C.2    Robertson, M.J.3
  • 37
    • 0028140219 scopus 로고
    • Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and soluble TNF receptors in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection - Correlations to clinical, immunologic, and virologic parameters
    • 37. Aukrust P, Liabakk N-B, Muller F, et al. Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and soluble TNF receptors in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection - correlations to clinical, immunologic, and virologic parameters. J Infect Dis 1994; 169: 420-4
    • (1994) J Infect Dis , vol.169 , pp. 420-424
    • Aukrust, P.1    Liabakk, N.-B.2    Muller, F.3
  • 38
    • 0030712305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recovery of replication-competent HIV despite prolonged suppression of plasma viremia
    • 38. Wong JK, Hezareh M, Gunthard HF, et al. Recovery of replication-competent HIV despite prolonged suppression of plasma viremia. Science 1997; 278 (5341): 1291-4
    • (1997) Science , vol.278 , Issue.5341 , pp. 1291-1294
    • Wong, J.K.1    Hezareh, M.2    Gunthard, H.F.3
  • 39
    • 14444273439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of a reservoir for HIV-1 in patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy
    • 39. Finzi D, Hermankova M, Pierson T, et al. Identification of a reservoir for HIV-1 in patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy. Science 1997; 278 (5341): 1295-300
    • (1997) Science , vol.278 , Issue.5341 , pp. 1295-1300
    • Finzi, D.1    Hermankova, M.2    Pierson, T.3
  • 40
    • 0030659177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presence of an inducible HIV-1 latent reservoir during highly active antiretroviral therapy
    • 40. Chun TW, Stuyver L, Mizell SB, et al. Presence of an inducible HIV-1 latent reservoir during highly active antiretroviral therapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1997; 94 (24): 13193-7
    • (1997) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.94 , Issue.24 , pp. 13193-13197
    • Chun, T.W.1    Stuyver, L.2    Mizell, S.B.3
  • 41
    • 0032555117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early establishment of a pool of latently infected, resting CD4+ T cells during primary HIV-1 infection
    • 41. Chun TW, Engel D, Berrey MM, et al. Early establishment of a pool of latently infected, resting CD4+ T cells during primary HIV-1 infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1998; 95 (15): 8869-73
    • (1998) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.95 , Issue.15 , pp. 8869-8873
    • Chun, T.W.1    Engel, D.2    Berrey, M.M.3
  • 42
    • 0032122490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular and anatomical reservoirs of HIV-1 in patients receiving potent antiretroviral combination therapy
    • 42. Schrager LK, D'Souza MP. Cellular and anatomical reservoirs of HIV-1 in patients receiving potent antiretroviral combination therapy. JAMA 1998; 280 (1): 67-71
    • (1998) JAMA , vol.280 , Issue.1 , pp. 67-71
    • Schrager, L.K.1    D'Souza, M.P.2
  • 43
    • 0032490570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of HIV-1 replication in latently infected CD4+ T cells using a combination of cytokines
    • 43. Chun TW, Engel D, Mizell SB, et al. Induction of HIV-1 replication in latently infected CD4+ T cells using a combination of cytokines. J Exp Med 1998; 188: 83-91
    • (1998) J Exp Med , vol.188 , pp. 83-91
    • Chun, T.W.1    Engel, D.2    Mizell, S.B.3
  • 44
    • 0026720650 scopus 로고
    • Rapid cytokine release in cancer patients treated with interleukin-2
    • 44. Weidmann E, Bergmann L, Stock J, et al. Rapid cytokine release in cancer patients treated with interleukin-2. J Immunother 1992; 12: 123-31
    • (1992) J Immunother , vol.12 , pp. 123-131
    • Weidmann, E.1    Bergmann, L.2    Stock, J.3
  • 45
    • 0026565617 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of malignant melanoma and renal cell carcinoma with recombinant human interleukin-2: Analysis of cytokine levels in sera and culture supernatants
    • 45. McIntyre CA, Chapman K, Reeder S et al. Treatment of malignant melanoma and renal cell carcinoma with recombinant human interleukin-2: analysis of cytokine levels in sera and culture supernatants. Eur J Cancer 1992; 28: 58-63
    • (1992) Eur J Cancer , vol.28 , pp. 58-63
    • McIntyre, C.A.1    Chapman, K.2    Reeder, S.3
  • 46
    • 0026066890 scopus 로고
    • In vivo production of interleukin-5, granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor, monocyte colony-stimulating factor, and interleukin-6 during intravenous administration of high-dose interleukin-2 in cancer patients
    • 46. Schaafsma MR, Falkenburg JH, Landegent JE et al. In vivo production of interleukin-5, granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor, monocyte colony-stimulating factor, and interleukin-6 during intravenous administration of high-dose interleukin-2 in cancer patients [see comments]. Blood 1991; 78: 1981-7
    • (1991) Blood , vol.78 , pp. 1981-1987
    • Schaafsma, M.R.1    Falkenburg, J.H.2    Landegent, J.E.3
  • 47
    • 0343883020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of interleukin-2 in diminution of a pool of latently infected, resting CD4+ T cells in HIV-1 infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy [abstract no. 496]
    • Jan 31-Feb 4; Chicago (IL)
    • 47. Chun TW, Engel D, Mizell S, et al. Effect of interleukin-2 in diminution of a pool of latently infected, resting CD4+ T cells in HIV-1 infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy [abstract no. 496]. Abstracts of the 6th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections; 1999 Jan 31-Feb 4; Chicago (IL)
    • (1999) Abstracts of the 6th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections
    • Chun, T.W.1    Engel, D.2    Mizell, S.3
  • 48
    • 0033537355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-1 replication in patients with undetectable plasma virus receiving HAART
    • 48. Natarajan V, Bosche M, Metcalf JA, et al. HIV-1 replication in patients with undetectable plasma virus receiving HAART. Lancet 1999; 353: 119-20
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.353 , pp. 119-120
    • Natarajan, V.1    Bosche, M.2    Metcalf, J.A.3
  • 49
    • 0026065329 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-2 toxicity
    • 49. Siegel JP, Puri RK. Interleukin-2 toxicity. J Clin Oncol 1991; 9: 694-704
    • (1991) J Clin Oncol , vol.9 , pp. 694-704
    • Siegel, J.P.1    Puri, R.K.2
  • 50
    • 0031868999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison between subcutaneous and intravenous interleukin-2 treatment in HIV disease
    • 50. Witzke O, Winterhagen T, Reinhardt W, et al. Comparison between subcutaneous and intravenous interleukin-2 treatment in HIV disease. J Int Med 1998; 244: 235-40
    • (1998) J Int Med , vol.244 , pp. 235-240
    • Witzke, O.1    Winterhagen, T.2    Reinhardt, W.3
  • 51
    • 0032958616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concomitant therapy with subcutaneous interleukin-2 and zidovudine plus didanosine in patients with early stage HIV infection
    • 51. Simonelli C, Zannusi S, Sandri S, et al. Concomitant therapy with subcutaneous interleukin-2 and zidovudine plus didanosine in patients with early stage HIV infection. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol 1999; 20: 20-7
    • (1999) J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol , vol.20 , pp. 20-27
    • Simonelli, C.1    Zannusi, S.2    Sandri, S.3
  • 52
    • 0032112142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatigue in HIV-infected men receiving investigational interleukin-2
    • 52. Grady C, Anderson, R, Chase GA. Fatigue in HIV-infected men receiving investigational interleukin-2. Nurs Res 1998; 47: 227-34
    • (1998) Nurs Res , vol.47 , pp. 227-234
    • Grady, C.1    Anderson, R.2    Chase, G.A.3
  • 53
    • 0032411384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxicity management in patients receiving low-dose aldesleukin therapy
    • 53. Sundin DJ, Wolin MJ. Toxicity management in patients receiving low-dose aldesleukin therapy. Ann Pharmacol 1998; 32: 1344-52
    • (1998) Ann Pharmacol , vol.32 , pp. 1344-1352
    • Sundin, D.J.1    Wolin, M.J.2
  • 54
    • 85038065470 scopus 로고
    • Hypothyroidism is associated with IL-2 therapy in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of IL-2 for the treatment of HIV-infection
    • Nov 12-15; Denver (CO)
    • 54. Sumida S, Miller K, Vogel S, et al. Hypothyroidism is associated with IL-2 therapy in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of IL-2 for the treatment of HIV-infection. Abstracts of the 36th Annual Meeting of the Infectious Diseases Society of America; 1988 Nov 12-15; Denver (CO)
    • (1988) Abstracts of the 36th Annual Meeting of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
    • Sumida, S.1    Miller, K.2    Vogel, S.3
  • 55
    • 4243670414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emeryville, CA: Chiron Therapeutics
    • 55. Proleukin™ [package insert]. Emeryville, CA: Chiron Therapeutics, 1998
    • (1998) Proleuki1n™ [Package Insert]
  • 56
    • 0030992624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Supportive care during aldesleukin therapy for patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus
    • 56. Gabriel CM, Minor JR, Vogel S, et al. Supportive care during aldesleukin therapy for patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Am J Health Syst Pharm 1997; 54: 1191-3
    • (1997) Am J Health Syst Pharm , vol.54 , pp. 1191-1193
    • Gabriel, C.M.1    Minor, J.R.2    Vogel, S.3
  • 57
    • 85038054988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term follow-up of an early HIV-infected cohort receiving intermittent outpatient treatment with subcutaneous interleukin-2
    • Jun 28-Jul 3; Geneva, Switzerland
    • 57. Davey RT, Chaitt RG, Kovacs JA, et al. Long-term follow-up of an early HIV-infected cohort receiving intermittent outpatient treatment with subcutaneous interleukin-2. Abstracts of the 12th World AIDS Conference; 1998 Jun 28-Jul 3; Geneva, Switzerland
    • (1998) Abstracts of the 12th World Aids Conference
    • Davey, R.T.1    Chaitt, R.G.2    Kovacs, J.A.3
  • 58
    • 85038052519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of TNF-alpha antagonists thalidomide and monoclonal anti-TNF antibody (cA2) on reducing IL-2-associated toxicities: A randomized, controlled trial [abstract no. 36]
    • Jan 22-26; Washington DC
    • 58. Walker RE, Hahn B, Kelly GG, et al. Effects of TNF-alpha antagonists thalidomide and monoclonal anti-TNF antibody (cA2) on reducing IL-2-associated toxicities: a randomized, controlled trial [abstract no. 36]. Abstracts of the 4th Conference on Retrovirus and Opportunistic Infections; 1997 Jan 22-26; Washington DC
    • (1997) Abstracts of the 4th Conference on Retrovirus and Opportunistic Infections
    • Walker, R.E.1    Hahn, B.2    Kelly, G.G.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.