메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 17, Issue 3, 2000, Pages 449-462

A temporal model for early vision that explains detection thresholds for light pulses on flickering backgrounds

Author keywords

Computational model; Contrast gain control; Light adaptation; Psychophysical detection thresholds

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CONTRAST SENSITIVITY; FREQUENCY MODULATION; LIGHT ADAPTATION; MATHEMATICAL MODEL; PHOTORECEPTOR; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SIGNAL PROCESSING; VISION; VISUAL THRESHOLD;

EID: 0033921819     PISSN: 09525238     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0952523800173110     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (36)

References (85)
  • 1
    • 0019970295 scopus 로고
    • Saturation and adaptation in the rod system
    • ADELSON, E.H. (1982). Saturation and adaptation in the rod system. Vision Research 22, 1299-1312.
    • (1982) Vision Research , vol.22 , pp. 1299-1312
    • Adelson, E.H.1
  • 3
    • 0343506082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatio-temporal discrimination model predicts temporal masking functions
    • paper
    • AHUMADA, A.J., JR., BEARD, B.L. & ERIKSSON, R. (1998). Spatio-temporal discrimination model predicts temporal masking functions. SPIE Proceedings 3299, paper 14.
    • (1998) SPIE Proceedings , vol.3299 , pp. 14
    • Ahumada A.J., Jr.1    Beard, B.L.2    Eriksson, R.3
  • 4
    • 0000302918 scopus 로고
    • Towards a theory of early visual processing
    • ATICK, J.J. & REDLICH, A.N. (1990). Towards a theory of early visual processing. Neural Computation 2, 308-320.
    • (1990) Neural Computation , vol.2 , pp. 308-320
    • Atick, J.J.1    Redlich, A.N.2
  • 6
    • 0016214760 scopus 로고
    • Changes in time scale and sensitivity in turtle photoreceptors
    • BAYLOR, D.A. & HODGKIN, A.L. (1974). Changes in time scale and sensitivity in turtle photoreceptors. Journal of Physiology (London) 242, 729-758.
    • (1974) Journal of Physiology (London) , vol.242 , pp. 729-758
    • Baylor, D.A.1    Hodgkin, A.L.2
  • 7
    • 0030831963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The receptive field of the primate p retinal ganglion cell. I: Linear dynamics
    • BENARDETE, E.A. & KAPLAN, E. (1997). The receptive field of the primate P retinal ganglion cell. I: Linear dynamics. Visual Neuroscience 14, 169-185.
    • (1997) Visual Neuroscience , vol.14 , pp. 169-185
    • Benardete, E.A.1    Kaplan, E.2
  • 8
    • 0033103083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dynamics of primate M retinal ganglion cells
    • BENARDETE, E.A. & KAPLAN, E. (1999). The dynamics of primate M retinal ganglion cells. Visual Neuroscience 16, 355-368.
    • (1999) Visual Neuroscience , vol.16 , pp. 355-368
    • Benardete, E.A.1    Kaplan, E.2
  • 9
    • 0028803130 scopus 로고
    • What are the mechanisms of photoreceptor adaptation?
    • BOWNDS, M.D. & ARSHAVSKY, V.D. (1995). What are the mechanisms of photoreceptor adaptation? Behavioral and Brain Sciences 18, 415-424.
    • (1995) Behavioral and Brain Sciences , vol.18 , pp. 415-424
    • Bownds, M.D.1    Arshavsky, V.D.2
  • 11
    • 0028323270 scopus 로고
    • Light adaptation and photopigment bleaching in cone photoreceptors in situ in the retina of the turtle
    • BURKHARDT, D.A. (1994). Light adaptation and photopigment bleaching in cone photoreceptors in situ in the retina of the turtle. Journal of Neuroscience 14, 1091-1105.
    • (1994) Journal of Neuroscience , vol.14 , pp. 1091-1105
    • Burkhardt, D.A.1
  • 12
    • 0021853456 scopus 로고
    • Local regulation of luminance gain
    • BURR, D.C., ROSS, J. & MORRONE, M.C. (1985). Local regulation of luminance gain. Vision Research 25, 717-727.
    • (1985) Vision Research , vol.25 , pp. 717-727
    • Burr, D.C.1    Ross, J.2    Morrone, M.C.3
  • 13
    • 0030780094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linearity and normalization in simple cells of the macaque primary visual cortex
    • CARANDINI, M., HEEGER, D.J. & MOVSHON, J.A. (1997). Linearity and normalization in simple cells of the macaque primary visual cortex. Journal of Neuroscience 17, 8621-8644.
    • (1997) Journal of Neuroscience , vol.17 , pp. 8621-8644
    • Carandini, M.1    Heeger, D.J.2    Movshon, J.A.3
  • 14
    • 0000387356 scopus 로고
    • Visual adaptation in relation to brief conditioning stimuli
    • CRAWFORD, B.H. (1947). Visual adaptation in relation to brief conditioning stimuli. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 134, 283-302.
    • (1947) Proceedings of the Royal Society B , vol.134 , pp. 283-302
    • Crawford, B.H.1
  • 15
    • 0031946341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synchronous period-doubling in flicker vision of salamander and man
    • CREVIER, D.W. & MEISTER, M. (1998). Synchronous period-doubling in flicker vision of salamander and man. Journal of Neurophysiology 79, 1869-1878.
    • (1998) Journal of Neurophysiology , vol.79 , pp. 1869-1878
    • Crevier, D.W.1    Meister, M.2
  • 17
    • 0030219527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mechanisms of vertebrate light adaptation: Speeded recovery versus slowed activation
    • DETWILER, P.B. & GRAY-KELLER, M.P. (1996). The mechanisms of vertebrate light adaptation: Speeded recovery versus slowed activation. Current Opinion in Neurobiology 6, 440-444.
    • (1996) Current Opinion in Neurobiology , vol.6 , pp. 440-444
    • Detwiler, P.B.1    Gray-Keller, M.P.2
  • 18
    • 0029002504 scopus 로고
    • Changes in retinal time scale under background light: Observations on rods and ganglion cells in the frog retina
    • DONNER, K., KOSKELAINEN, A., DJUPSUND, K. & HEMILÄ, S. (1995). Changes in retinal time scale under background light: Observations on rods and ganglion cells in the frog retina. Vision Research 35, 2255-2266.
    • (1995) Vision Research , vol.35 , pp. 2255-2266
    • Donner, K.1    Koskelainen, A.2    Djupsund, K.3    Hemilä, S.4
  • 19
    • 0030050458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modelling the spatio-temporal modulation response of ganglion cells with difference-of-gaussians receptive fields: Relation to photoreceptor kinetics
    • DONNER, K. & HEMILÄ, S. (1996). Modelling the spatio-temporal modulation response of ganglion cells with difference-of-Gaussians receptive fields: Relation to photoreceptor kinetics. Visual Neuroscience 13, 173-186.
    • (1996) Visual Neuroscience , vol.13 , pp. 173-186
    • Donner, K.1    Hemilä, S.2
  • 20
    • 0032132731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Equivalence between temporal frequency and modulation depth for flicker response suppression: Analysis of a three-process model of visual adaptation
    • EISNER, A., SHAPIRO, A.G. & MIDDLETON, J.A. (1998). Equivalence between temporal frequency and modulation depth for flicker response suppression: Analysis of a three-process model of visual adaptation. Journal of the Optical Society of America A 15, 1987-2002.
    • (1998) Journal of the Optical Society of America A , vol.15 , pp. 1987-2002
    • Eisner, A.1    Shapiro, A.G.2    Middleton, J.A.3
  • 21
    • 0017697416 scopus 로고
    • Frequency transfer properties of three distinct types of cat horizontal cells
    • FOERSTER, M.H., VAN DE GRIND, W.A. & GRÜSSER, O.-J. (1977). Frequency transfer properties of three distinct types of cat horizontal cells. Experimental Brain Research 29, 347-366.
    • (1977) Experimental Brain Research , vol.29 , pp. 347-366
    • Foerster, M.H.1    Van De Grind, W.A.2    Grüsser, O.-J.3
  • 22
    • 0027532124 scopus 로고
    • Forward pattern masking and adaptation: Effects of duration, interstimulus interval, contrast, and spatial and temporal frequency
    • FOLEY, J.M. & BOYNTON, G.B. (1993). Forward pattern masking and adaptation: Effects of duration, interstimulus interval, contrast, and spatial and temporal frequency. Vision Research 33, 959-980.
    • (1993) Vision Research , vol.33 , pp. 959-980
    • Foley, J.M.1    Boynton, G.B.2
  • 23
    • 0028450611 scopus 로고
    • Human luminance pattern-vision mechanisms: Masking experiments require a new model
    • FOLEY, J.M. (1994). Human luminance pattern-vision mechanisms: Masking experiments require a new model. Journal of the Optical Societv of America A 11, 1710-1719.
    • (1994) Journal of the Optical Societv of America A , vol.11 , pp. 1710-1719
    • Foley, J.M.1
  • 25
    • 0028365553 scopus 로고
    • Simulations of X and Y retinal ganglion cell behavior with a nonlinear push-pull model of spatiotemporal retinal processing
    • GAUDIANO, P. (1994). Simulations of X and Y retinal ganglion cell behavior with a nonlinear push-pull model of spatiotemporal retinal processing. Vision Research 34, 1767-1784.
    • (1994) Vision Research , vol.34 , pp. 1767-1784
    • Gaudiano, P.1
  • 26
    • 0032213183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A phenomenological model of visually evoked spike trains in cat geniculate non-lagged X-cells
    • GAZÈRES, N., BORG-GRAHAM, L.J. & FRÉGNAC, Y. (1998). A phenomenological model of visually evoked spike trains in cat geniculate non-lagged X-cells. Visual Neuroscience 15, 1157-1174.
    • (1998) Visual Neuroscience , vol.15 , pp. 1157-1174
    • Gazères, N.1    Borg-Graham, L.J.2    Frégnac, Y.3
  • 27
    • 0026525961 scopus 로고
    • Quantul noise and decision rules in dynamic models of light adaptation
    • GRAHAM, N. & HOOD, D.C. (1992a). Quantul noise and decision rules in dynamic models of light adaptation. Vision Research 32, 779-787.
    • (1992) Vision Research , vol.32 , pp. 779-787
    • Graham, N.1    Hood, D.C.2
  • 28
    • 0026704443 scopus 로고
    • Modeling the dynamics of light adaptation: The merging of two traditions
    • GRAHAM, N. & HOOD, D.C. (1992b). Modeling the dynamics of light adaptation: The merging of two traditions. Vision Research 32, 1373-1393.
    • (1992) Vision Research , vol.32 , pp. 1373-1393
    • Graham, N.1    Hood, D.C.2
  • 29
    • 0026604565 scopus 로고
    • Subtractive processes in light adaptation
    • HAYHOE, M.M., LEVIN, M.E. & KOSHEL, R.J. (1992). Subtractive processes in light adaptation. Vision Research 32, 323-333.
    • (1992) Vision Research , vol.32 , pp. 323-333
    • Hayhoe, M.M.1    Levin, M.E.2    Koshel, R.J.3
  • 30
    • 0032054253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contrast-modulation flicker: Dynamics and spatial resolution of the light adaptation process
    • HE, S. & MACLEOD, D.I.A. (1998). Contrast-modulation flicker: Dynamics and spatial resolution of the light adaptation process. Vision Research 38, 985-1000.
    • (1998) Vision Research , vol.38 , pp. 985-1000
    • He, S.1    Macleod, D.I.A.2
  • 31
    • 0030910483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Probed-sinewave paradigm: A test of models of light-adaptation dynamics
    • HOOD, D.C., GRAHAM, N., VON WIEGAND, T.E. & CHASE, V.M. (1997). Probed-sinewave paradigm: A test of models of light-adaptation dynamics. Vision Research 37, 1177-1191.
    • (1997) Vision Research , vol.37 , pp. 1177-1191
    • Hood, D.C.1    Graham, N.2    Von Wiegand, T.E.3    Chase, V.M.4
  • 32
    • 0031601161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lower-level visual processing and models of light adaptation
    • HOOD, D.C. (1998). Lower-level visual processing and models of light adaptation. Annual Review of Psychology 49, 503-535.
    • (1998) Annual Review of Psychology , vol.49 , pp. 503-535
    • Hood, D.C.1
  • 33
    • 0032170453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Threshold fluctuations on temporally modulated backgrounds: A possible physiological explanation based upon a recent computational model
    • HOOD. D.C. & GRAHAM, N. (1998). Threshold fluctuations on temporally modulated backgrounds: A possible physiological explanation based upon a recent computational model. Visual Neuroscience 15, 957-967.
    • (1998) Visual Neuroscience , vol.15 , pp. 957-967
    • Hood, D.C.1    Graham, N.2
  • 36
    • 0023141705 scopus 로고
    • Representation of local geometry in the visual system
    • KOENDERINK, J.J. & VAN DOORN, A.J. (1987). Representation of local geometry in the visual system. Biological Cybernetics 55, 367-375.
    • (1987) Biological Cybernetics , vol.55 , pp. 367-375
    • Koenderink, J.J.1    Van Doorn, A.J.2
  • 37
    • 0028989097 scopus 로고
    • Adaptation mechanisms in spatial vision - II. Flash thresholds and background adaptation
    • KORTUM, P.T. & GEISLER, W.S. (1995). Adaptation mechanisms in spatial vision - II. Flash thresholds and background adaptation. Vision Research 35, 1595-1609.
    • (1995) Vision Research , vol.35 , pp. 1595-1609
    • Kortum, P.T.1    Geisler, W.S.2
  • 38
    • 0030043890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of sensitivity in vertebrate rod photoreceptors by calcium
    • KOUTALOS, Y. & YAU, K.-W. (1996). Regulation of sensitivity in vertebrate rod photoreceptors by calcium. Trends in Neurosciences 19, 73-81.
    • (1996) Trends in Neurosciences , vol.19 , pp. 73-81
    • Koutalos, Y.1    Yau, K.-W.2
  • 40
    • 0001514129 scopus 로고
    • Common strategies for light adaptation in the peripheral visual systems of fly and dragonfly
    • LAUGHLIN, S.B. & HARDIE, R.C. (1978). Common strategies for light adaptation in the peripheral visual systems of fly and dragonfly. Journal of Comparative Physiology 128, 319-340.
    • (1978) Journal of Comparative Physiology , vol.128 , pp. 319-340
    • Laughlin, S.B.1    Hardie, R.C.2
  • 41
    • 0028134767 scopus 로고
    • Responses to pulses and sinusoids in macaque ganglion cells
    • LEE, B.B., POKORNY, J., SMITH, V.C. & KREMERS, J. (1994). Responses to pulses and sinusoids in macaque ganglion cells. Vision Research 34, 3081-3096.
    • (1994) Vision Research , vol.34 , pp. 3081-3096
    • Lee, B.B.1    Pokorny, J.2    Smith, V.C.3    Kremers, J.4
  • 42
    • 0030040393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Receptive field structure in the primate retina
    • LEE, B.B. (1996). Receptive field structure in the primate retina. Vision Research 36, 631-644.
    • (1996) Vision Research , vol.36 , pp. 631-644
    • Lee, B.B.1
  • 44
    • 0030331638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contrast gain control in first-and second-order motion perception
    • LU, Z.-L. & SPERLING, G. (1996). Contrast gain control in first-and second-order motion perception. Journal of the Optical Society of America A 13, 2305-2318.
    • (1996) Journal of the Optical Society of America A , vol.13 , pp. 2305-2318
    • Lu, Z.-L.1    Sperling, G.2
  • 46
    • 0022407455 scopus 로고
    • Marathon adaptation to spatial contrast: Saturation in sight
    • MAGNUSSEN, S. & GREENLEE, M.W. (1985). Marathon adaptation to spatial contrast: Saturation in sight. Vision Research 25, 1409-1411.
    • (1985) Vision Research , vol.25 , pp. 1409-1411
    • Magnussen, S.1    Greenlee, M.W.2
  • 47
    • 0001194647 scopus 로고
    • Wave form of flickering stimulus and visual masking function
    • MARUYAMA, K. & TAKAHASHI, M. (1977). Wave form of flickering stimulus and visual masking function. Tohoku Psychologica Folia 36, 120-133.
    • (1977) Tohoku Psychologica Folia , vol.36 , pp. 120-133
    • Maruyama, K.1    Takahashi, M.2
  • 49
    • 0018333443 scopus 로고
    • The effects of background illumination on the photoresponses of red and green cones
    • NORMANN, R.A. & PERLMAN, I. (1979). The effects of background illumination on the photoresponses of red and green cones. Journal of Physiology (London) 286, 491-507.
    • (1979) Journal of Physiology (London) , vol.286 , pp. 491-507
    • Normann, R.A.1    Perlman, I.2
  • 52
    • 0025213057 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for a power law intensity code in the coupled cones of the turtle
    • PLUVINAGE, V. & GREEN, D.G. (1990). Evidence for a power law intensity code in the coupled cones of the turtle. Vision Research 30, 673-682.
    • (1990) Vision Research , vol.30 , pp. 673-682
    • Pluvinage, V.1    Green, D.G.2
  • 53
    • 0031225564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of adaptation at high luminances: Adaptation is faster after luminance decrements than after luminance increments
    • POOT, L., SNIPPE, H.P. & VAN HATEREN, J.H. (1997). Dynamics of adaptation at high luminances: Adaptation is faster after luminance decrements than after luminance increments. Journal of the Optical Society of America A 14, 2499-2508.
    • (1997) Journal of the Optical Society of America A , vol.14 , pp. 2499-2508
    • Poot, L.1    Snippe, H.P.2    Van Hateren, J.H.3
  • 54
    • 0032030818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of photon noise on the detection of white flashes
    • REEVES, A., WU, S. & SCHIRILLO, J. (1998). The effect of photon noise on the detection of white flashes. Vision Research 38, 691-703.
    • (1998) Vision Research , vol.38 , pp. 691-703
    • Reeves, A.1    Wu, S.2    Schirillo, J.3
  • 55
    • 0026541656 scopus 로고
    • The On and Off channels of the visual system
    • SCHILLER, P.H. (1992). The ON and OFF channels of the visual system. Trends in Neurosciences 15, 86-92.
    • (1992) Trends in Neurosciences , vol.15 , pp. 86-92
    • Schiller, P.H.1
  • 56
  • 59
    • 0018196326 scopus 로고
    • The effect of contrast on the transfer properties of cat retinal ganglion cells
    • SHAPLEY, R.M. & VICTOR, J.D. (1978). The effect of contrast on the transfer properties of cat retinal ganglion cells. Journal of Physiology 285, 275-298.
    • (1978) Journal of Physiology , vol.285 , pp. 275-298
    • Shapley, R.M.1    Victor, J.D.2
  • 60
    • 0018657072 scopus 로고
    • Non-linear spatial summation and the contrast gain control of cat retinal ganglion cells
    • SHAPLEY, R.M. & VICTOR, J.D. (1979). Non-linear spatial summation and the contrast gain control of cat retinal ganglion cells. Journal of Physiology 290, 141-161.
    • (1979) Journal of Physiology , vol.290 , pp. 141-161
    • Shapley, R.M.1    Victor, J.D.2
  • 61
    • 0031194403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retinal physiology: Adapting to the changing scene
    • SHAPLEY, R.M. (1997). Retinal physiology: Adapting to the changing scene. Current Biology 7, R421-R423.
    • (1997) Current Biology , vol.7
    • Shapley, R.M.1
  • 62
    • 0014698421 scopus 로고
    • Visual masking by low-frequency sinusoidally modulated light
    • SHICKMAN, G.M. (1970). Visual masking by low-frequency sinusoidally modulated light. Journal of the Optical Society of America 60, 107-117.
    • (1970) Journal of the Optical Society of America , vol.60 , pp. 107-117
    • Shickman, G.M.1
  • 63
    • 0014318712 scopus 로고
    • Model for visual luminance discrimination and flicker detection
    • SPERLING, G. & SONDHI, M.M. (1968). Model for visual luminance discrimination and flicker detection. Journal of the Optical Society of America 58, 1133-1145.
    • (1968) Journal of the Optical Society of America , vol.58 , pp. 1133-1145
    • Sperling, G.1    Sondhi, M.M.2
  • 64
    • 0024917114 scopus 로고
    • Three stages and two systems of visual processing
    • SPERLING, G. (1989). Three stages and two systems of visual processing. Spatial Vision 4, 183-207.
    • (1989) Spatial Vision , vol.4 , pp. 183-207
    • Sperling, G.1
  • 66
    • 0031663786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Color from invisible flicker: A failure of the Talbot-Plateau law caused by an early 'hard' saturating nonlinearity used to partition the human short-wave cone pathway
    • STOCKMAN, A. & PLUMMER, D.J. (1998). Color from invisible flicker: A failure of the Talbot-Plateau law caused by an early 'hard' saturating nonlinearity used to partition the human short-wave cone pathway. Vision Research 38, 3703-3728.
    • (1998) Vision Research , vol.38 , pp. 3703-3728
    • Stockman, A.1    Plummer, D.J.2
  • 67
    • 0015989417 scopus 로고
    • Distributed relaxation processes in sensory adaptation
    • THORSON, J. & BIEDERMAN-THORSON, M. (1974). Distributed relaxation processes in sensory adaptation. Science 183, 161-172.
    • (1974) Science , vol.183 , pp. 161-172
    • Thorson, J.1    Biederman-Thorson, M.2
  • 68
    • 0024184756 scopus 로고
    • Light adaptation in the turtle retina: Embedding a parametric family of linear models in a single nonlinear model
    • TRANCHINA, D. & PESKIN, C.S. (1988). Light adaptation in the turtle retina: Embedding a parametric family of linear models in a single nonlinear model. Visual Neuroscience 1, 339-348.
    • (1988) Visual Neuroscience , vol.1 , pp. 339-348
    • Tranchina, D.1    Peskin, C.S.2
  • 69
    • 0030220694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Saturation revealed by clamping the gain of the retinal light response
    • TYLER, C.W. & LIU, L. (1996). Saturation revealed by clamping the gain of the retinal light response. Vision Research 36, 2553-2562.
    • (1996) Vision Research , vol.36 , pp. 2553-2562
    • Tyler, C.W.1    Liu, L.2
  • 70
    • 0021061060 scopus 로고
    • Light adaptation of primate cones: An analysis based on extracellular data
    • VALETON, J.M. & VAN NORREN, D. (1983). Light adaptation of primate cones: An analysis based on extracellular data. Vision Research 23, 1539-1547.
    • (1983) Vision Research , vol.23 , pp. 1539-1547
    • Valeton, J.M.1    Van Norren, D.2
  • 72
    • 0023159080 scopus 로고
    • The dynamics of the cat retinal X cell centre
    • VICTOR, J.D. (1987). The dynamics of the cat retinal X cell centre. Journal of Physiology (London) 386, 219-246.
    • (1987) Journal of Physiology (London) , vol.386 , pp. 219-246
    • Victor, J.D.1
  • 73
    • 0030540999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gain control and hyperpolarization level in cat horizontal cells as a function of light and dark adaptation
    • VAN DE GRIND, W.A., LANKHEET, M.J.M., VAN WEZEL, R.J.A., ROWE, M.H. & HULLEMAN, J. (1996). Gain control and hyperpolarization level in cat horizontal cells as a function of light and dark adaptation. Vision Research 36, 3969-3985.
    • (1996) Vision Research , vol.36 , pp. 3969-3985
    • Van De Grind, W.A.1    Lankheet, M.J.M.2    Van Wezel, R.J.A.3    Rowe, M.H.4    Hulleman, J.5
  • 74
    • 0027506347 scopus 로고
    • Spatiotemporal contrast sensitivity of early vision
    • VAN HATEREN, J.H. (1993). Spatiotemporal contrast sensitivity of early vision. Vision Research 33, 257-267.
    • (1993) Vision Research , vol.33 , pp. 257-267
    • Van Hateren, J.H.1
  • 75
    • 0030828643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Processing of natural time series of intensities by the visual system of the blowfly
    • VAN HATEREN, J.H. (1997). Processing of natural time series of intensities by the visual system of the blowfly. Vision Research 37, 3407-3416.
    • (1997) Vision Research , vol.37 , pp. 3407-3416
    • Van Hateren, J.H.1
  • 76
    • 0029160435 scopus 로고
    • Testing a computational model of light-adaptation dynamics
    • VON WIEGAND, T.E., HOOD, D.C. & GRAHAM, N. (1995). Testing a computational model of light-adaptation dynamics. Vision Research 35, 3037-3051.
    • (1995) Vision Research , vol.35 , pp. 3037-3051
    • Von Wiegand, T.E.1    Hood, D.C.2    Graham, N.3
  • 77
    • 0026581504 scopus 로고
    • Anew superbright LED stimulator: Photodiode-feedback design for linearizing and stabilizing emitted light
    • WATANABE, T., MORI, N. & NAKAMURA, F. (1992). Anew superbright LED stimulator: Photodiode-feedback design for linearizing and stabilizing emitted light. Vision Research 32, 953-961.
    • (1992) Vision Research , vol.32 , pp. 953-961
    • Watanabe, T.1    Mori, N.2    Nakamura, F.3
  • 79
    • 0015976079 scopus 로고
    • Control of retinal sensitivity -III. Lateral interactions at the inner plexiform layer
    • WERBLIN, F.S. & COPENHAGEN, D.R. (1974). Control of retinal sensitivity -III. Lateral interactions at the inner plexiform layer. Journal of General Physiology 63, 88-110.
    • (1974) Journal of General Physiology , vol.63 , pp. 88-110
    • Werblin, F.S.1    Copenhagen, D.R.2
  • 80
    • 0027510434 scopus 로고
    • Spatial frequency adaptation and contrast gain control
    • WILSON, H.R. & HUMANSKI, R. (1993). Spatial frequency adaptation and contrast gain control. Vision Research 33, 1133-1149.
    • (1993) Vision Research , vol.33 , pp. 1133-1149
    • Wilson, H.R.1    Humanski, R.2
  • 81
    • 0031148187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A neural model of foveal light adaptation and afterimage formation
    • WILSON, H.R. (1997). A neural model of foveal light adaptation and afterimage formation. Visual Neuroscience 14, 403-423.
    • (1997) Visual Neuroscience , vol.14 , pp. 403-423
    • Wilson, H.R.1
  • 82
    • 0031825627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of a divisive gain control in human vision
    • WILSON, H.R. & KIM, J. (1998). Dynamics of a divisive gain control in human vision. Vision Research 38, 2735-2741.
    • (1998) Vision Research , vol.38 , pp. 2735-2741
    • Wilson, H.R.1    Kim, J.2
  • 83
    • 0029148235 scopus 로고
    • Effects of flicker adaptation and temporal gain control on the flicker ERG
    • WU, S., BURNS, S.A. & ELSNER, A.E. (1995). Effects of flicker adaptation and temporal gain control on the flicker ERG. Vision Research 35, 2943-2953.
    • (1995) Vision Research , vol.35 , pp. 2943-2953
    • Wu, S.1    Burns, S.A.2    Elsner, A.E.3
  • 85
    • 0029992028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The time course of adaptation in macaque retinal ganglion cells
    • YEH, T., LEE, B.B. & KREMERS, J. (1996). The time course of adaptation in macaque retinal ganglion cells. Vision Research 36, 913-931.
    • (1996) Vision Research , vol.36 , pp. 913-931
    • Yeh, T.1    Lee, B.B.2    Kremers, J.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.