메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 104, Issue D22, 1999, Pages 27789-27801

Sensitivity of boreal forest regional water flux and net primary production simulations to sub-grid-scale land cover complexity

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BOREAL FOREST; COMPLEX TERRAIN; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; LAND COVER; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION;

EID: 0033610968     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/1999JD900085     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (41)

References (64)
  • 1
    • 15944382242 scopus 로고
    • Soil landscapes of Canada-Saskatchewan digital map data: Scale 1:1000000
    • CLBRR Arch. Agric. Can. Res. Branch, Ottawa
    • Acton, D. F., G. A. Padbury, and J. A. Shields, Soil landscapes of Canada-Saskatchewan digital map data: scale 1:1000000, CanSIS SK018200, version 90.11.30, CLBRR Arch. Agric. Can. Res. Branch, Ottawa, 1991.
    • (1991) CanSIS SK018200, Version 90.11.30
    • Acton, D.F.1    Padbury, G.A.2    Shields, J.A.3
  • 2
    • 0027065790 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal allocation of biomass and nitrogen in four Carex species from mesotrophic and eutrophic fens affected by nitrogen supply
    • Aerts, R., H. De Caluwe, and H. Konings, Seasonal allocation of biomass and nitrogen in four Carex species from mesotrophic and eutrophic fens affected by nitrogen supply, J. Ecol., 80, 653-664, 1992.
    • (1992) J. Ecol. , vol.80 , pp. 653-664
    • Aerts, R.1    De Caluwe, H.2    Konings, H.3
  • 3
    • 0030618376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal variation in carbon dioxide exchange rates above and below a boreal jack pine forest
    • Baldocchi, D. D., C. A. Vogel, and B. Hall, Seasonal variation in carbon dioxide exchange rates above and below a boreal jack pine forest, Agric. For. Meteorol., 83, 147-170, 1997a.
    • (1997) Agric. For. Meteorol. , vol.83 , pp. 147-170
    • Baldocchi, D.D.1    Vogel, C.A.2    Hall, B.3
  • 4
    • 0031433759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal variation of energy and water vapor exchange rates above and below a boreal jack pine forest canopy
    • Baldocchi, D. D., C. A. Vogel, and B. Hall, Seasonal variation of energy and water vapor exchange rates above and below a boreal jack pine forest canopy, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 28,939-28,951, 1997b.
    • (1997) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.102
    • Baldocchi, D.D.1    Vogel, C.A.2    Hall, B.3
  • 5
    • 0027790035 scopus 로고
    • Effect of land surface representation on forest water and carbon budgets
    • Band, L. E., Effect of land surface representation on forest water and carbon budgets, J. Hydrol., 150, 749-772, 1993.
    • (1993) J. Hydrol. , vol.150 , pp. 749-772
    • Band, L.E.1
  • 6
    • 0031433409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Albedo over the boreal forest
    • Betts, A. K., and J. H. Ball, Albedo over the boreal forest, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 28,901-28,909, 1997.
    • (1997) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.102
    • Betts, A.K.1    Ball, J.H.2
  • 7
    • 0020367769 scopus 로고
    • Nutrient effect on maximum photosynthesis in arctic plants
    • Bigger, C. M., and W. C. Oechel, Nutrient effect on maximum photosynthesis in arctic plants, Holarc. Ecol., 5, 158-163, 1982.
    • (1982) Holarc. Ecol. , vol.5 , pp. 158-163
    • Bigger, C.M.1    Oechel, W.C.2
  • 9
    • 0027335302 scopus 로고
    • Importance of leaf area index and forest type when estimating photosynthesis in boreal forests
    • Bonan, G. B., Importance of leaf area index and forest type when estimating photosynthesis in boreal forests, Remote Sens. Environ., 43, 303-314, 1993.
    • (1993) Remote Sens. Environ. , vol.43 , pp. 303-314
    • Bonan, G.B.1
  • 10
    • 0024922464 scopus 로고
    • Environmental factors and ecological processes in boreal forests
    • Bonan, G. B., and H. H. Shugart, Environmental factors and ecological processes in boreal forests, Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst., 20, 1-28, 1989.
    • (1989) Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. , vol.20 , pp. 1-28
    • Bonan, G.B.1    Shugart, H.H.2
  • 12
    • 0028974590 scopus 로고
    • Responses of arctic tundra to experimental and observed changes in climate
    • Chapin, F. S., G. R. Shaver, A. E. Giblin, K. J. Nadelhoffer, and J. A. Laundre, Responses of arctic tundra to experimental and observed changes in climate, Ecology, 76(3), 694-711, 1995.
    • (1995) Ecology , vol.76 , Issue.3 , pp. 694-711
    • Chapin, F.S.1    Shaver, G.R.2    Giblin, A.E.3    Nadelhoffer, K.J.4    Laundre, J.A.5
  • 13
    • 0031433966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leaf area index of boreal forests: Theory, techniques, and measurements
    • Chen, J. M., P. M. Rich, S. T. Gower, J. M. Norman, and S. Plummer, Leaf area index of boreal forests: Theory, techniques, and measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 29,429-29,443, 1997.
    • (1997) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.102
    • Chen, J.M.1    Rich, P.M.2    Gower, S.T.3    Norman, J.M.4    Plummer, S.5
  • 14
    • 0021639956 scopus 로고
    • A statistical exploration of the relationships of soil moisture characteristics to the physical properties of soils
    • Cosby, B. J., G. M. Hornberger, R. B. Clapp, and T. R. Ginn, A statistical exploration of the relationships of soil moisture characteristics to the physical properties of soils, Water Resour. Res., 20, 682-690, 1984.
    • (1984) Water Resour. Res. , vol.20 , pp. 682-690
    • Cosby, B.J.1    Hornberger, G.M.2    Clapp, R.B.3    Ginn, T.R.4
  • 16
    • 0030921818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of branch-level gas exchange of boreal trees: Roles of shoot water potential and vapor pressure difference
    • Dang, Q.-L., H. A. Margolis, M. R. Coyea, M. Sy, and G. J. Collatz, Regulation of branch-level gas exchange of boreal trees: Roles of shoot water potential and vapor pressure difference, Tree Physiol., 17, 521-535, 1997a.
    • (1997) Tree Physiol. , vol.17 , pp. 521-535
    • Dang, Q.-L.1    Margolis, H.A.2    Coyea, M.R.3    Sy, M.4    Collatz, G.J.5
  • 17
    • 0000299134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Profiles of photosynthetically active radiation, nitrogen, and photosynthetic capacity in the boreal forest: Implications for scaling from leaf to canopy
    • Dang, Q.-L., H. A. Margolis, M. Sy, M. R. Coyea, G. J. Collatz, and C. L. Walthall, Profiles of photosynthetically active radiation, nitrogen, and photosynthetic capacity in the boreal forest: Implications for scaling from leaf to canopy, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 28,845-28,859, 1997b.
    • (1997) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.102
    • Dang, Q.-L.1    Margolis, H.A.2    Sy, M.3    Coyea, M.R.4    Collatz, G.J.5    Walthall, C.L.6
  • 18
    • 0028975656 scopus 로고
    • Environmental controls on the photosynthesis and respiration of a boreal lichen woodland: A growing season of whole-ecosystem exchange measurements by eddy correlation
    • Fan, S. M., M. L. Goulden, J. W. Munger, B. C. Daube, P. S. Baksvin, S. C. Wofsy, J. S. Amthor, D. R. Fitzjarrald, K. E. Moore and T. R. Moore, Environmental controls on the photosynthesis and respiration of a boreal lichen woodland: A growing season of whole-ecosystem exchange measurements by eddy correlation, Oecologia, 102, 443-452, 1995.
    • (1995) Oecologia , vol.102 , pp. 443-452
    • Fan, S.M.1    Goulden, M.L.2    Munger, J.W.3    Daube, B.C.4    Baksvin, P.S.5    Wofsy, S.C.6    Amthor, J.S.7    Fitzjarrald, D.R.8    Moore, K.E.9    Moore, T.R.10
  • 19
    • 0000240315 scopus 로고
    • Modelling of photosynthetic response to environmental conditions
    • edited by O. L. Lange, P. S. Nobel, C. B. Osmond, and H. Ziegler, Springer-Verlag
    • Farquhar, G. D., and S. von Caemmerer, Modelling of photosynthetic response to environmental conditions, in Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology; New Series, vol. 12B, Physiological Plant Ecology II, edited by O. L. Lange, P. S. Nobel, C. B. Osmond, and H. Ziegler, pp. 549-587, Springer-Verlag, 1982.
    • (1982) Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology; New Series, Vol. 12B, Physiological Plant Ecology II , vol.12 , pp. 549-587
    • Farquhar, G.D.1    Von Caemmerer, S.2
  • 20
    • 0002634682 scopus 로고
    • The photosynthesis-nitrogen relationship in wild plants
    • edited by T. J. Givnish, Cambridge Univ. Press, New York
    • Field, C., and H. A. Mooney, The photosynthesis-nitrogen relationship in wild plants, in On the Economy of Plant Form and Function, edited by T. J. Givnish, pp. 25-55, Cambridge Univ. Press, New York, 1986.
    • (1986) On the Economy of Plant Form and Function , pp. 25-55
    • Field, C.1    Mooney, H.A.2
  • 21
    • 6844251585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity of boreal forest carbon balance to soil thaw
    • Goulden, M. L., et al., Sensitivity of boreal forest carbon balance to soil thaw, Science, 279, 214-217, 1998.
    • (1998) Science , vol.279 , pp. 214-217
    • Goulden, M.L.1
  • 22
    • 0031462767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carbon distribution and above ground net primary production in aspen, jack pine, and black spruce stands in Saskatchewan and Manitoba, Canada
    • Gower, S. T., J. Vogel, J. Norman, C. J. Kucharik, S. Steele, and T. K. Stow, Carbon distribution and above ground net primary production in aspen, jack pine, and black spruce stands in Saskatchewan and Manitoba, Canada, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 29,029-29,041, 1997.
    • (1997) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.102
    • Gower, S.T.1    Vogel, J.2    Norman, J.3    Kucharik, C.J.4    Steele, S.5    Stow, T.K.6
  • 23
    • 0000491139 scopus 로고
    • Biomass distribution and above- and belowground production in young and mature Abies amabilis zone ecosystems of the Washington Cascades
    • Grier, C. C., K. A. Vogt, M. R. Keyes, and R. L. Edmonds, Biomass distribution and above- and belowground production in young and mature Abies amabilis zone ecosystems of the Washington Cascades, Can. J. For. Res., 11, 155-157, 1981.
    • (1981) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.11 , pp. 155-157
    • Grier, C.C.1    Vogt, K.A.2    Keyes, M.R.3    Edmonds, R.L.4
  • 24
    • 0031433968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physically based classification and satellite mapping of biophysical characteristics in the southern boreal forest
    • Hall, F. G., D. E. Knapp, and K. F. Huemmrich, Physically based classification and satellite mapping of biophysical characteristics in the southern boreal forest, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 29,567-29,580, 1997.
    • (1997) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.102
    • Hall, F.G.1    Knapp, D.E.2    Huemmrich, K.F.3
  • 25
    • 0030930623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sap flow in trembling aspen: Implications for stomatal responses to vapor pressure deficit
    • Hogg, E. H., and P. A. Hurdle, Sap flow in trembling aspen: Implications for stomatal responses to vapor pressure deficit, Tree Physiol., 17, 501-509, 1997.
    • (1997) Tree Physiol. , vol.17 , pp. 501-509
    • Hogg, E.H.1    Hurdle, P.A.2
  • 26
    • 0026892180 scopus 로고
    • Simulated dry matter yields for aspen and spruce stands in the North American boreal forest
    • Hunt, R. E., and S. W. Running, Simulated dry matter yields for aspen and spruce stands in the North American boreal forest, Can. J. Remote Sens., 18, 126-133, 1992.
    • (1992) Can. J. Remote Sens. , vol.18 , pp. 126-133
    • Hunt, R.E.1    Running, S.W.2
  • 28
    • 5244303933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal variation of carbon dioxide, water vapor, and energy exchanges of a boreal black spruce forest
    • Jarvis, P. G., J. M. Massheder, S. E. Hale, J. B. Moncrieff, M. Rayment, and S. L. Scott, Seasonal variation of carbon dioxide, water vapor, and energy exchanges of a boreal black spruce forest, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 28,953-28,966, 1997.
    • (1997) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.102
    • Jarvis, P.G.1    Massheder, J.M.2    Hale, S.E.3    Moncrieff, J.B.4    Rayment, M.5    Scott, S.L.6
  • 29
    • 0009639914 scopus 로고
    • Root respiration in white spruce (Picea glauca [Moench] Voss) seedlings in relation to morphology and environment
    • Johnson-Flanagan, A. M., and J. N. Owens, Root respiration in white spruce (Picea glauca [Moench] Voss) seedlings in relation to morphology and environment, Plant Physiol., 81, 21-25, 1986.
    • (1986) Plant Physiol. , vol.81 , pp. 21-25
    • Johnson-Flanagan, A.M.1    Owens, J.N.2
  • 30
    • 0030986517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulating forest productivity and surface-atmosphere carbon exchange in the BOREAS study region
    • Kimball, J. S., P. E. Thornton, M. A. White, and S. W. Running, Simulating forest productivity and surface-atmosphere carbon exchange in the BOREAS study region, Tree Physiol., 17, 589-599, 1997a.
    • (1997) Tree Physiol. , vol.17 , pp. 589-599
    • Kimball, J.S.1    Thornton, P.E.2    White, M.A.3    Running, S.W.4
  • 31
    • 0031433818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BIOME-BGC simulations of stand hydrologic processes for BOREAS
    • Kimball, J. S., M. A. White, and S. W. Running, BIOME-BGC simulations of stand hydrologic processes for BOREAS, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 29,043-29,051, 1997b.
    • (1997) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.102
    • Kimball, J.S.1    White, M.A.2    Running, S.W.3
  • 32
    • 0030930128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth and maintenance respiration rates of aspen, black spruce and jack pine stems at northern and southern BOREAS sites
    • Lavigne, M. B., and M. G. Ryan, Growth and maintenance respiration rates of aspen, black spruce and jack pine stems at northern and southern BOREAS sites, Tree Physiol., 17, 543-551, 1997.
    • (1997) Tree Physiol. , vol.17 , pp. 543-551
    • Lavigne, M.B.1    Ryan, M.G.2
  • 33
    • 0020969236 scopus 로고
    • Global vegetation and land use: New high-resolution databases for climate studies
    • Matthews, E., Global vegetation and land use: New high-resolution databases for climate studies, J. Clim. Appl. Meteorol., 22, 474-487, 1983.
    • (1983) J. Clim. Appl. Meteorol. , vol.22 , pp. 474-487
    • Matthews, E.1
  • 35
    • 0030619096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased plant growth in the northern high latitudes from 1981 to 1991
    • Myneni, R. B., C. D. Keeling, C. J. Tucker, G. Asrar, and R. R. Nemani, Increased plant growth in the northern high latitudes from 1981 to 1991, Nature, 386, 698-702, 1997.
    • (1997) Nature , vol.386 , pp. 698-702
    • Myneni, R.B.1    Keeling, C.D.2    Tucker, C.J.3    Asrar, G.4    Nemani, R.R.5
  • 36
    • 84905428271 scopus 로고
    • Surface observations
    • Off. of the Fed. Coord., Dep. of Comm., Washington, D. C.
    • National Weather Service, Surface observations, Fed. Meteorol. Handb. 1, FCM-H1-1988, Off. of the Fed. Coord., Dep. of Comm., Washington, D. C., 1988.
    • (1988) Fed. Meteorol. Handb. 1, FCM-H1-1988
  • 37
    • 0016076897 scopus 로고
    • Products, requirements and efficiency of biosynthesis: A quantitative approach
    • Penning de Vries, F. W. T., A. Brunsting, and H. H. Van Laar, Products, requirements and efficiency of biosynthesis: A quantitative approach, J. Theor. Biol., 45, 339-377, 1974.
    • (1974) J. Theor. Biol. , vol.45 , pp. 339-377
    • Penning De Vries, F.W.T.1    Brunsting, A.2    Van Laar, H.H.3
  • 38
    • 0028983610 scopus 로고
    • The effects of aggregating sub-grid land surface variation on large-scale estimates of net primary production
    • Pierce, L. L., and S. W. Running, The effects of aggregating sub-grid land surface variation on large-scale estimates of net primary production, Landscape Ecol., 10(4), 239-253, 1995.
    • (1995) Landscape Ecol. , vol.10 , Issue.4 , pp. 239-253
    • Pierce, L.L.1    Running, S.W.2
  • 39
    • 0028105624 scopus 로고
    • Regional-scale relationships of leaf area index to specific leaf area and leaf nitrogen content
    • Pierce, L. L., S. W. Running and J. Walker, Regional-scale relationships of leaf area index to specific leaf area and leaf nitrogen content, Ecol. Appl., 4(2), 313-321, 1994.
    • (1994) Ecol. Appl. , vol.4 , Issue.2 , pp. 313-321
    • Pierce, L.L.1    Running, S.W.2    Walker, J.3
  • 41
  • 43
    • 0000932440 scopus 로고
    • FOREST-BGC, a general model of forest ecosystem processes for regional applications, II, Dynamic carbon allocation and nitrogen budgets
    • Running, S. W., and S. T. Gower, FOREST-BGC, a general model of forest ecosystem processes for regional applications, II, Dynamic carbon allocation and nitrogen budgets, Tree Physiol., 9, 147-160, 1991.
    • (1991) Tree Physiol. , vol.9 , pp. 147-160
    • Running, S.W.1    Gower, S.T.2
  • 44
    • 0000085017 scopus 로고
    • Generalization of a forest ecosystem process model for other biomes, BIOME-BGC, and an application for global-scale models
    • edited by J. R. Ehleringer and C. B. Field, Academic, San Diego, Calif.
    • Running, S. W., and R. E. Hunt, Generalization of a forest ecosystem process model for other biomes, BIOME-BGC, and an application for global-scale models, in Scaling Physiologic Processes: Leaf to Globe, edited by J. R. Ehleringer and C. B. Field, Academic, San Diego, Calif., 1993.
    • (1993) Scaling Physiologic Processes: Leaf to Globe
    • Running, S.W.1    Hunt, R.E.2
  • 45
    • 0024821753 scopus 로고
    • Mapping regional forest evapotranspiration and photosynthesis by coupling satellite data with ecosystem simulation
    • Running, S. W., R. R. Nemani, D. L. Peterson, L. E. Band, D. F. Potts, L. L. Pierce, and M. A. Spanner, Mapping regional forest evapotranspiration and photosynthesis by coupling satellite data with ecosystem simulation, Ecology, 70(4), 1090-1101, 1989.
    • (1989) Ecology , vol.70 , Issue.4 , pp. 1090-1101
    • Running, S.W.1    Nemani, R.R.2    Peterson, D.L.3    Band, L.E.4    Potts, D.F.5    Pierce, L.L.6    Spanner, M.A.7
  • 46
    • 84905420197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimation of crown and stem water content and biomass of boreal forest using polarimetric SAR imagery
    • in press
    • Saatchi, S., and M. Moghaddam, Estimation of crown and stem water content and biomass of boreal forest using polarimetric SAR imagery, J. Geophys. Res., in press, 1999a.
    • (1999) J. Geophys. Res.
    • Saatchi, S.1    Moghaddam, M.2
  • 47
    • 84958774239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developing a semi-empirical biomass estimation algorithm for polarimetric SAR data over boreal forest
    • in press
    • Saatchi, S., and M. Moghaddam, Developing a semi-empirical biomass estimation algorithm for polarimetric SAR data over boreal forest, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., in press, 1999b.
    • (1999) IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens.
    • Saatchi, S.1    Moghaddam, M.2
  • 48
    • 0031171879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Classification of boreal forest cover types using SAR images
    • Saatchi, S. S., and E. Rignot, Classification of boreal forest cover types using SAR images, Remote Sens. Environ., 60(3), 271-281, 1997.
    • (1997) Remote Sens. Environ. , vol.60 , Issue.3 , pp. 271-281
    • Saatchi, S.S.1    Rignot, E.2
  • 49
    • 0000812942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutrient availability and uptake by tundra plants
    • edited by J. F. Reynolds and J. D. Tenhunen, Springer-Verlag, New York
    • Schimel, J. P., K. Kielland, and F. S. Chapin III, Nutrient availability and uptake by tundra plants, in Landscape Function and Disturbance in Arctic Tundra, edited by J. F. Reynolds and J. D. Tenhunen, pp. 203-213, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1996.
    • (1996) Landscape Function and Disturbance in Arctic Tundra , pp. 203-213
    • Schimel, J.P.1    Kielland, K.2    Chapin III, F.S.3
  • 50
    • 0022825341 scopus 로고
    • A simple biosphere model (SiB) for use within general circulation models
    • Sellers, P. J., Y. Mintz, Y. C. Sud, and A. Dalcher, A simple biosphere model (SiB) for use within general circulation models, J. Atmos. Sci., 43(6), 305-331, 1986.
    • (1986) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.43 , Issue.6 , pp. 305-331
    • Sellers, P.J.1    Mintz, Y.2    Sud, Y.C.3    Dalcher, A.4
  • 52
    • 0029502274 scopus 로고
    • Effects of spatial variability in topography, vegetation cover and soil moisture on area-averaged surface fluxes: A case study using the FIFE 1989 data
    • Sellers, P. J., M. D. Heiser, F. G. Hall, S. J. Goetz, D. E. Strebel, S. B. Verma, R. L. Desjardins, P. M. Schuepp, and J. I. MacPherson, Effects of spatial variability in topography, vegetation cover and soil moisture on area-averaged surface fluxes: A case study using the FIFE 1989 data, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 25,607-25,629, 1995.
    • (1995) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.100
    • Sellers, P.J.1    Heiser, M.D.2    Hall, F.G.3    Goetz, S.J.4    Strebel, D.E.5    Verma, S.B.6    Desjardins, R.L.7    Schuepp, P.M.8    MacPherson, J.I.9
  • 53
    • 0031448674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BOREAS in 1997: Experiment overview, scientific results, and future directions
    • Sellers, P. J., et al., BOREAS in 1997: Experiment overview, scientific results, and future directions, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 28,731-28,769, 1997.
    • (1997) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.102
    • Sellers, P.J.1
  • 54
    • 0031462768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surface mesonet for BOREAS
    • Shewchuk, S. R., Surface mesonet for BOREAS, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 29,077-29,082, 1997.
    • (1997) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.102
    • Shewchuk, S.R.1
  • 56
    • 0030929052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Root mass, net primary production and turnover in aspen, jack pine and black spruce forests in Saskatchewan and Manitoba, Canada
    • Steele, S. J., S. T. Gower, J. G. Vogel, and J. M. Norman, Root mass, net primary production and turnover in aspen, jack pine and black spruce forests in Saskatchewan and Manitoba, Canada, Tree Physiol., 17, 577-587, 1997.
    • (1997) Tree Physiol. , vol.17 , pp. 577-587
    • Steele, S.J.1    Gower, S.T.2    Vogel, J.G.3    Norman, J.M.4
  • 57
    • 0031448294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Land cover mapping, fire regeneration, and scaling studies in the Canadian boreal forest with 1 km AVHRR and Landsat TM data
    • Steyaert, L. T., F. G. Hall, and T. R. Loveland, Land cover mapping, fire regeneration, and scaling studies in the Canadian boreal forest with 1 km AVHRR and Landsat TM data, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 29,581-29,598, 1997.
    • (1997) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.102
    • Steyaert, L.T.1    Hall, F.G.2    Loveland, T.R.3
  • 58
    • 0030982447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 and water fluxes in Pinus banksiana and Picea mariana in Saskatchewan
    • 2 and water fluxes in Pinus banksiana and Picea mariana in Saskatchewan, Tree Physiol., 17, 553-561, 1997.
    • (1997) Tree Physiol. , vol.17 , pp. 553-561
    • Sullivan, J.H.1    Bovard, B.D.2    Middleton, E.M.3
  • 59
    • 0030615723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generating surfaces of daily meteorological variables over large regions of complex terrain
    • Thornton, P. E., S. W. Running, and M. A. White, Generating surfaces of daily meteorological variables over large regions of complex terrain, J. Hydrol., 190, 214-251, 1997.
    • (1997) J. Hydrol. , vol.190 , pp. 214-251
    • Thornton, P.E.1    Running, S.W.2    White, M.A.3
  • 60
    • 0030274328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of alternative spatial resolutions in the application of a spatially distributed biogeochemical model over complex terrain
    • Turner, D. P., R. Dodson, and D. Marks, Comparison of alternative spatial resolutions in the application of a spatially distributed biogeochemical model over complex terrain, Ecol. Model., 90(1), 53-67, 1996.
    • (1996) Ecol. Model. , vol.90 , Issue.1 , pp. 53-67
    • Turner, D.P.1    Dodson, R.2    Marks, D.3
  • 61
    • 0026350460 scopus 로고
    • Carbon budgets of temperate forest ecosystems
    • Vogt, K., Carbon budgets of temperate forest ecosystems, Tree Physiol., 9, 69-86, 1991.
    • (1991) Tree Physiol. , vol.9 , pp. 69-86
    • Vogt, K.1
  • 62
    • 0001392662 scopus 로고
    • The effect of climate on the photosynthesis of Picea mariana at the subarctic tree line, 1, Field measurements
    • Vowinckel, T., W. C. Oechel, and W. G. Boll, The effect of climate on the photosynthesis of Picea mariana at the subarctic tree line, 1, Field measurements, Can. J. Bot., 53, 604-620, 1975.
    • (1975) Can. J. Bot. , vol.53 , pp. 604-620
    • Vowinckel, T.1    Oechel, W.C.2    Boll, W.G.3
  • 64
    • 0031392279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A continental phenology model for monitoring vegetation responses to interannual climatic variability
    • White, M. A., P. E. Thornton, and S. W. Running, A continental phenology model for monitoring vegetation responses to interannual climatic variability, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 11, 217-234, 1997.
    • (1997) Global Biogeochem. Cycles , vol.11 , pp. 217-234
    • White, M.A.1    Thornton, P.E.2    Running, S.W.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.