메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 102, Issue 24, 1997, Pages 29429-29443

Leaf area index of boreal forests: Theory, techniques, and measurements

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BOREAL ECOSYSTEM-ATMOSPHERE STUDY; BOREAL FOREST; BOREAS; FOREST ECOSYSTEM; HEMISPHERICAL PHOTOGRAPHY; LAI; LAI-2000; LEAF AREA INDEX; MEASUREMENT METHOD; REMOTE SENSING; SUNFLECK CEPTOMETER; TRACING RADIATION AND ARCHITECTURE OF CANOPIES;

EID: 0031433966     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/97jd01107     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (841)

References (50)
  • 1
    • 0002635195 scopus 로고
    • Studies of the woodland light climate, I, The photographic computation of light condition
    • Anderson, M. C., Studies of the woodland light climate, I, The photographic computation of light condition, J. Ecol., 52, 27-41, 1964.
    • (1964) J. Ecol. , vol.52 , pp. 27-41
    • Anderson, M.C.1
  • 2
    • 0001599783 scopus 로고
    • Determination of the fascicle surface area for Pinus radiata
    • Beets, P., Determination of the fascicle surface area for Pinus radiata, N. Z. J. For. Sci., 7, 397-407, 1977.
    • (1977) N. Z. J. For. Sci. , vol.7 , pp. 397-407
    • Beets, P.1
  • 3
    • 0027335302 scopus 로고
    • Importance of leaf area index and forest type when estimating photosynthesis in boreal forests
    • Bonan, G. B., Importance of leaf area index and forest type when estimating photosynthesis in boreal forests, Remote Sens. Environ., 43, 303-314, 1993.
    • (1993) Remote Sens. Environ. , vol.43 , pp. 303-314
    • Bonan, G.B.1
  • 4
    • 0242493122 scopus 로고
    • The use of hemispherical photographs for determining the leaf area index of young crops
    • Bonhomme, R., C. Varlet Granger, and P. Chartier, The use of hemispherical photographs for determining the leaf area index of young crops, Photosynthetica, 8, 299-301, 1974.
    • (1974) Photosynthetica , vol.8 , pp. 299-301
    • Bonhomme, R.1    Varlet Granger, C.2    Chartier, P.3
  • 5
    • 0001232410 scopus 로고
    • Estimating the surface area of spruce and pine foliage from displaced volume and length
    • Brand, D. G., Estimating the surface area of spruce and pine foliage from displaced volume and length, Can. J. For. Res., 17, 1305-1308, 1987.
    • (1987) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.17 , pp. 1305-1308
    • Brand, D.G.1
  • 6
    • 9644278259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optically based methods for measuring seasonal variation in leaf area index in boreal conifer stands
    • Chen, J. M., Optically based methods for measuring seasonal variation in leaf area index in boreal conifer stands, Agric. For. Meteorol., 80, 135-163, 1996a.
    • (1996) Agric. For. Meteorol. , vol.80 , pp. 135-163
    • Chen, J.M.1
  • 7
    • 0030291768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Canopy architecture and remote sensing of the fraction of photosynthetically active radiation absorbed by boreal conifer forests
    • Chen, J. M., Canopy architecture and remote sensing of the fraction of photosynthetically active radiation absorbed by boreal conifer forests, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 34, 1353-1368, 1996b.
    • (1996) IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. , vol.34 , pp. 1353-1368
    • Chen, J.M.1
  • 8
    • 0027069057 scopus 로고
    • Defining leaf area index for non-flat leaves
    • Chen, J. M., and T. A. Black, Defining leaf area index for non-flat leaves, Plant Cell Environ., 15, 421-429, 1992a.
    • (1992) Plant Cell Environ. , vol.15 , pp. 421-429
    • Chen, J.M.1    Black, T.A.2
  • 9
    • 0027071038 scopus 로고
    • Foliage area and architecture of plant canopies from sunfleck size distributions
    • Chen, J. M., and T. A. Black, Foliage area and architecture of plant canopies from sunfleck size distributions, Agric. For. Meteorol., 60, 249-266, 1992b.
    • (1992) Agric. For. Meteorol. , vol.60 , pp. 249-266
    • Chen, J.M.1    Black, T.A.2
  • 10
    • 84975586067 scopus 로고
    • Plant canopy gap size analysis theory for improving optical measurements of leaf area index
    • Chen, J. M., and J. Cihlar, Plant canopy gap size analysis theory for improving optical measurements of leaf area index, Appl. Opt., 34, 6211-6222, 1995a.
    • (1995) Appl. Opt. , vol.34 , pp. 6211-6222
    • Chen, J.M.1    Cihlar, J.2
  • 11
    • 0029309561 scopus 로고
    • Quantifying the effect of canopy architecture on optical measurements of leaf area index using two gap size analysis methods
    • Chen, J. M., and J. Cihlar, Quantifying the effect of canopy architecture on optical measurements of leaf area index using two gap size analysis methods, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 33, 777-787, 1995b.
    • (1995) IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. , vol.33 , pp. 777-787
    • Chen, J.M.1    Cihlar, J.2
  • 12
    • 0029751225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retrieving leaf area index of boreal conifer forests using Landsat TM images
    • Chen, J. M., and J. Cihlar, Retrieving leaf area index of boreal conifer forests using Landsat TM images, Remote Sens. Environ. 55 153-162, 1996.
    • (1996) Remote Sens. Environ. , vol.55 , pp. 153-162
    • Chen, J.M.1    Cihlar, J.2
  • 13
    • 0000198459 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of hemispherical photography for determining plant area index and geometry of a forest stand
    • Chen, J. M., T. A. Black, and R. S. Adams, Evaluation of hemispherical photography for determining plant area index and geometry of a forest stand, Agric. For. Meteorol., 56, 129-143, 1991.
    • (1991) Agric. For. Meteorol. , vol.56 , pp. 129-143
    • Chen, J.M.1    Black, T.A.2    Adams, R.S.3
  • 15
    • 0030442714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Landscape-scale evaluation of understory light and canopy structure: Methods and application in a neotropical lowland rain forest
    • Clark, D. B., D. A. Clark, P. M. Rich, S. B. Weiss, and S. F. Oberbauer, Landscape-scale evaluation of understory light and canopy structure: Methods and application in a neotropical lowland rain forest Can. J. For. Res., 26, 747-757, 1996.
    • (1996) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.26 , pp. 747-757
    • Clark, D.B.1    Clark, D.A.2    Rich, P.M.3    Weiss, S.B.4    Oberbauer, S.F.5
  • 16
    • 0000588308 scopus 로고
    • Hemispherical and woodland canopy photography and the light climate
    • Evans, G. C., and D. E. Coombe, Hemispherical and woodland canopy photography and the light climate, J. Ecol., 47, 103-113, 1959.
    • (1959) J. Ecol. , vol.47 , pp. 103-113
    • Evans, G.C.1    Coombe, D.E.2
  • 17
    • 0028178908 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of optical and direct methods for estimating foliage surface area index in forests
    • Fassnacht, K., S. T. Gower, J. M. Norman, and R. E. McMurtrie, A comparison of optical and direct methods for estimating foliage surface area index in forests, Agric. for. Meteorol., 71, 183-207, 1994.
    • (1994) Agric. For. Meteorol. , vol.71 , pp. 183-207
    • Fassnacht, K.1    Gower, S.T.2    Norman, J.M.3    McMurtrie, R.E.4
  • 18
    • 0345088000 scopus 로고
    • Effects of forest edges on the solar radiation regime in a series of reconstructed tropical ecosystems
    • Galo, A. T., P. M. Rich, and J. J. Ewel, Effects of forest edges on the solar radiation regime in a series of reconstructed tropical ecosystems, Am. Soc. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Tech. Pap., 98-108, 1992.
    • (1992) Am. Soc. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Tech. Pap. , pp. 98-108
    • Galo, A.T.1    Rich, P.M.2    Ewel, J.J.3
  • 19
    • 0000436321 scopus 로고
    • Rapid estimation of leaf area index in forests using the LI COR LAI 2000
    • Gower, S. T., and J. M. Norman, Rapid estimation of leaf area index in forests using the LI COR LAI 2000, Ecology, 72, 1896-1900, 1990.
    • (1990) Ecology , vol.72 , pp. 1896-1900
    • Gower, S.T.1    Norman, J.M.2
  • 20
    • 84905418047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carbon distribution and aboveground net primary production in aspen, jack pine, and black spruce stands in Saskatchewan and Manitoba Canada
    • Gower, S. T., J. G. Vogel, T. K. Stow, J. M. Norman, S. J. Steele, and C. J. Kucharik, Carbon distribution and aboveground net primary production in aspen, jack pine, and black spruce stands in Saskatchewan and Manitoba Canada, J. Geophys. Res., this issue.
    • J. Geophys. Res. , Issue.THIS ISSUE
    • Gower, S.T.1    Vogel, J.G.2    Stow, T.K.3    Norman, J.M.4    Steele, S.J.5    Kucharik, C.J.6
  • 21
    • 0001170527 scopus 로고
    • Effects of urea fertilization on allometric relations in young Douglas fir trees
    • Grier, C. C., K. M. Lee, and R. M. Archibald, Effects of urea fertilization on allometric relations in young Douglas fir trees, Can. J. For. Res., 15, 900-904, 1984.
    • (1984) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.15 , pp. 900-904
    • Grier, C.C.1    Lee, K.M.2    Archibald, R.M.3
  • 22
    • 0001467161 scopus 로고
    • A rapid technique for estimating total surface area of pine needles
    • Johnson, J. D., A rapid technique for estimating total surface area of pine needles, For. Sci., 30, 913-921, 1984.
    • (1984) For. Sci. , vol.30 , pp. 913-921
    • Johnson, J.D.1
  • 23
    • 84905418023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterizing canopy nonrandomness with a multiband vegetation imager (MVI)
    • Kucharik, C. J., J. M. Norman, L. M. Murdock, and S. T. Gower, Characterizing canopy nonrandomness with a multiband vegetation imager (MVI), J. Geophys. Res., this issue.
    • J. Geophys. Res. , Issue.THIS ISSUE
    • Kucharik, C.J.1    Norman, J.M.2    Murdock, L.M.3    Gower, S.T.4
  • 24
    • 0001245874 scopus 로고
    • Application of some of Cauchy's theorems to estimation of surface areas of leaves, needles and branches of plants, and light transmittance
    • Lang, A. R. G., Application of some of Cauchy's theorems to estimation of surface areas of leaves, needles and branches of plants, and light transmittance, Agric. For. Meteorol., 55, 191-212, 1991.
    • (1991) Agric. For. Meteorol. , vol.55 , pp. 191-212
    • Lang, A.R.G.1
  • 25
    • 38249040509 scopus 로고
    • Estimation of leaf area index from transmission of direct sunlight in discontinuous canopies
    • Lang, A. R. G., and Y. Xiang, Estimation of leaf area index from transmission of direct sunlight in discontinuous canopies, Agric. For. Meteorol., 35, 229-243, 1986.
    • (1986) Agric. For. Meteorol. , vol.35 , pp. 229-243
    • Lang, A.R.G.1    Xiang, Y.2
  • 26
    • 0000566584 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal patterns of acid fluctuations and resource storage in the arborescent cactus Opuntia excelsa in relation to light availability and size
    • Lerdau, M. T., N. M. Holbrook, H. A. Mooney, P. M. Rich, and J. L. Whitbeck, Seasonal patterns of acid fluctuations and resource storage in the arborescent cactus Opuntia excelsa in relation to light availability and size, Oecologia, 92, 166-171, 1992.
    • (1992) Oecologia , vol.92 , pp. 166-171
    • Lerdau, M.T.1    Holbrook, N.M.2    Mooney, H.A.3    Rich, P.M.4    Whitbeck, J.L.5
  • 27
    • 0001737725 scopus 로고
    • Shoot structure, leaf area index and productivity of evergreen conifer stands
    • Leverenz, J. W., and T. M. Hinckley, Shoot structure, leaf area index and productivity of evergreen conifer stands, Tree Physiol., 6, 135-149, 1990.
    • (1990) Tree Physiol. , vol.6 , pp. 135-149
    • Leverenz, J.W.1    Hinckley, T.M.2
  • 28
    • 0002377361 scopus 로고
    • Influences of canopy geometry on near-ground solar radiation and water balances of pinyon-juniper and ponderosa pine woodlands
    • Lin, T., P. M. Rich, D. A. Heisler, and F. J. Barnes, Influences of canopy geometry on near-ground solar radiation and water balances of pinyon-juniper and ponderosa pine woodlands. Am. Soc. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Tech. Pap., 285-294, 1992.
    • (1992) Am. Soc. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Tech. Pap. , pp. 285-294
    • Lin, T.1    Rich, P.M.2    Heisler, D.A.3    Barnes, F.J.4
  • 29
    • 84970582355 scopus 로고
    • A formula for average foliage density
    • Miller, J. B., A formula for average foliage density, Aust. J. Bot., 15, 141-144, 1967.
    • (1967) Aust. J. Bot. , vol.15 , pp. 141-144
    • Miller, J.B.1
  • 30
    • 0000332812 scopus 로고
    • A sunfleck theory for plant canopies, I, Lengths of sunlit segments along a transect
    • Miller, E. E., and J. M. Norman, A sunfleck theory for plant canopies, I, Lengths of sunlit segments along a transect, Agron. J., 63, 735-738, 1971.
    • (1971) Agron. J. , vol.63 , pp. 735-738
    • Miller, E.E.1    Norman, J.M.2
  • 32
    • 0024905436 scopus 로고
    • Leaf area measurements based on hemispheric photographs and leaf-litter collection in a deciduous forest during autumn leaf-fall
    • Neumann, H. H., G. den Hartog, and R. H. Shaw, Leaf area measurements based on hemispheric photographs and leaf-litter collection in a deciduous forest during autumn leaf-fall, Agric. For. Meteorol., 45, 325-345, 1989.
    • (1989) Agric. For. Meteorol. , vol.45 , pp. 325-345
    • Neumann, H.H.1    Den Hartog, G.2    Shaw, R.H.3
  • 33
    • 34548430117 scopus 로고
    • A theoretical analysis of the frequency of gaps in plant stands
    • Nilson, T., A theoretical analysis of the frequency of gaps in plant stands, Agric. Meteorol., 8, 25-38, 1971.
    • (1971) Agric. Meteorol. , vol.8 , pp. 25-38
    • Nilson, T.1
  • 36
    • 0001200575 scopus 로고
    • Photosynthesis in Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.), III, Measurement of canopy structure and interception of radiation
    • Norman, J. M., and P. G. Jarvis, Photosynthesis in Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.), III, Measurement of canopy structure and interception of radiation, J. Appl. Ecol., 11, 375-398, 1975.
    • (1975) J. Appl. Ecol. , vol.11 , pp. 375-398
    • Norman, J.M.1    Jarvis, P.G.2
  • 37
    • 0022822929 scopus 로고
    • Photosynthetic radiation regime and canopy structure in modeled forest stands
    • Oker-Blom, P., Photosynthetic radiation regime and canopy structure in modeled forest stands, Acta For. Fenn., 197, 1-44, 1986.
    • (1986) Acta For. Fenn. , vol.197 , pp. 1-44
    • Oker-Blom, P.1
  • 38
    • 0002747453 scopus 로고
    • Radiation and light measurements
    • edited by R. W. Pearcy et al., Chapman and Hall, New York
    • Pearcy, R. W., Radiation and light measurements, in Plant Physiological Ecology: Field Methods and Instrumentation, edited by R. W. Pearcy et al., pp. 95-116, Chapman and Hall, New York, 1989.
    • (1989) Plant Physiological Ecology: Field Methods and Instrumentation , pp. 95-116
    • Pearcy, R.W.1
  • 40
    • 0002300749 scopus 로고
    • Characterizing plant canopies with hemispherical photographs. Instrumentation for studying vegetation canopies for remote sensing in optical and thermal infrared regions
    • Rich. P. M., Characterizing plant canopies with hemispherical photographs. Instrumentation for studying vegetation canopies for remote sensing in optical and thermal infrared regions, Remote Sens. Rev., 5, 13-29, 1990.
    • (1990) Remote Sens. Rev. , vol.5 , pp. 13-29
    • Rich, P.M.1
  • 41
    • 0027880806 scopus 로고
    • Long-term study of solar radiation regimes in a tropical wet forest using quantum sensors and hemispherical photography
    • Rich, P. M., D. A. Clark, D. B. Clark, and S. F. Oberbauer, Long-term study of solar radiation regimes in a tropical wet forest using quantum sensors and hemispherical photography, Agric. For. Meteorol., 65, 107-127, 1993.
    • (1993) Agric. For. Meteorol. , vol.65 , pp. 107-127
    • Rich, P.M.1    Clark, D.A.2    Clark, D.B.3    Oberbauer, S.F.4
  • 44
    • 0003128409 scopus 로고
    • Architecture of Scots pine crown: Phytometrical characteristics of needles and shoots
    • Ross, J., S. Kellomaki, P. Oker-Blom, V. Ross, and L. Vilikainen, Architecture of Scots pine crown: Phytometrical characteristics of needles and shoots, Silva Fennica, 19, 91-105, 1986.
    • (1986) Silva Fennica , vol.19 , pp. 91-105
    • Ross, J.1    Kellomaki, S.2    Oker-Blom, P.3    Ross, V.4    Vilikainen, L.5
  • 45
    • 0024255197 scopus 로고
    • A general model of forest ecosystem processes for regional applications, I, Hydrological balance, canopy gas exchange, and primary production processes
    • Running, S. W., and J. C. Coughlan, A general model of forest ecosystem processes for regional applications, I, Hydrological balance, canopy gas exchange, and primary production processes, Ecol. Modell., 42, 125-154, 1988.
    • (1988) Ecol. Modell. , vol.42 , pp. 125-154
    • Running, S.W.1    Coughlan, J.C.2
  • 46
    • 0022825341 scopus 로고
    • A simple biosphere model (SiB) for use within general circulation models
    • Sellers, P. J., Y. Mintz, Y. C. Sud, and A. Dalcher, A simple biosphere model (SiB) for use within general circulation models, J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 505-531, 1986.
    • (1986) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.43 , pp. 505-531
    • Sellers, P.J.1    Mintz, Y.2    Sud, Y.C.3    Dalcher, A.4
  • 47
    • 0002396167 scopus 로고
    • Performance of the LAI-2000 plant canopy analyzer in estimating leaf area index of some Scots pine stands
    • Stenberg, P., S. Linder, H. Smolander, and J. Flower-Ellis, Performance of the LAI-2000 plant canopy analyzer in estimating leaf area index of some Scots pine stands, Tree Physiol., 14, 981-995, 1994.
    • (1994) Tree Physiol. , vol.14 , pp. 981-995
    • Stenberg, P.1    Linder, S.2    Smolander, H.3    Flower-Ellis, J.4
  • 49
    • 0001408086 scopus 로고
    • Stand structure and light penetration, I, Analysis by point quadrats
    • Warren-Wilson, J., Stand structure and light penetration, I, Analysis by point quadrats, J. Appl Ecol., 2, 383-390, 1965.
    • (1965) J. Appl Ecol. , vol.2 , pp. 383-390
    • Warren-Wilson, J.1
  • 50
    • 0002126806 scopus 로고
    • Some indirect methods of estimating canopy structure
    • Welles, J. M., Some indirect methods of estimating canopy structure, Remote Sens. Rev., 5, 31-43, 1990.
    • (1990) Remote Sens. Rev. , vol.5 , pp. 31-43
    • Welles, J.M.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.