Combined dynamic and geochemical evidence for convergent melt flow beneath the East Pacific Rise

Nature

Volumn 402, Issue 6759, 1999, Pages 282-285

  Splegelman, Marc ^a   Reynolds, Jennifer R ^a,b  

^a Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences   (United States)

^b MONTEREY BAY AQUARIUM RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CONVECTION; CRUSTAL EVOLUTION; MID-OCEAN RIDGE; OCEANIC CRUST; PLATE MOTION;

ARTICLE; EARTHQUAKE; FLOW; GEOLOGY; MELTING POINT; PACIFIC ISLANDS; PARTITION COEFFICIENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; THERMODYNAMICS;

PACIFIC OCEAN;

EID: 0033581848     PISSN: 00280836     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/46260     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. Spiegelman, M. & McKenzie, D. Simple 2-D models for melt extraction at mid-ocean ridges and island arcs. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 83, 137-152 (1987).
2. Phipps Morgan, J. Melt migration beneath mid-ocean spreading centers. Geophys. Res. Lett. 14, 1238-1241 (1987).
3. Scott, D. R. & Stevenson, D. J. A self-consistent model of melting, magma migration and buoyancydriven circulation beneath mid-ocean ridges. J. Geophys. Res. 94, 2973-2988 (1989).
4. Buck, W. R. & Su, W. Focused mantle upwelling below mid-ocean ridges due to feedback between viscosity and melting. Geophys. Res. Lett. 16, 641-644 (1989).
5. Scott, D. R. in Mantle Flow and Melt Generation at Mid-ocean Ridges (eds Phipps Morgan, J., Blackman, D. K. & Sinton, J. M.) 327-352 (Geophysical Monogr. Vol. 71, American Geophysical Union, Washington DC, 1992).
6. Cordery, M. J. & Phipps Morgan, J. Convection and melting at mid-ocean ridges. J. Geophys. Res. 98, 19477-19503 (1993).
7. Sparks, D. W. & Parmentier, E. M. The structure of three-dimensional convection beneath oceanic spreading centres. Geophys, J. Int. 112, 81-91 (1993).
8. Forsyth, D. W. at al. Imaging the deep seismic structure beneath a mid-ocean ridge: the MELT experiment. Science 280, 1215-1217 (1998).
9. Spiegelman, M. Geochemical consequences of melt transport in 2-D: The sensitivity of trace elements to mantle dynamics. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 139, 115-132 (1996).
10. Reynolds, J. R., Langmuir, C. H., Bender, J. F., Kastens, K. A. & Ryan, W. B. F. Spatial and temporal variability in the geochemistry of basalts from the East Pacific Rise. Nature 359, 493-499 (1992).
11. Reynolds, J. R. Segment Scale Systematics of Mid-ocean Ridge Magmatism and Geochemistry. (Thesis, Columbia Univ./LDEO, (1995).
12. Reynolds, J. R. & Langmuir, C. H. Identification and implications of off-axis lava flows around the East Pacific Rise. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. (in the press).
13. Plank, T. & Langmuir, C. H. Effects of the melting regime on the composition of the oceanic crust. J. Geophys. Res. 97, 19749-19770 (1992).
14. McKenzie, D. & O'Nions, R. K. Partial melt distributions from inversion of rare earth element concentrations. J. Petrol. 32, 1021-1091 (1991).
15. Monti, S., Gente, P. & Maze, I. P. Carte Batheymetrique de la Dorsale Est-Pacifique de 10° Nord a 14°30′ Nord (IFREMER, Brest, 1987).
16. Crane, K. Structural evolution of the East Pacific Rise axis from 13° 10′N to 10°35′N; interpretation from Sea-MARC I data. Tectonophysics 136, 65-124 (1987).
17. Perfit, M. R. & Chadwick, W. W. Jr in Faulting and Magmatism at Mid-Ocean Ridges (eds Buck, R. W., Delaney, P. T., Karson, J. A. & Lagabrielle, Y.) 59-115 (Geophysical Monogr. Ser., Vol. 106, American Geophysical Union, Washington DC, 1998).
18. Detrick, R. S. et al. Multi-channel seismic imaging of a crustal magma chamber along the East Pacific Rise. Nature 326, 35-41 (1987).
19. Perfit, M. R. et al. Small-scale spatial and temporal variations in midocean ridge crest magmatic processes. Geology 22, 375-397 (1994).
20. Perfit, M. R. et al. Detailed petrological and geochemical studies of on- and off-axis lavas from the East Pacific Rise; 9°30′-10°N. Eos 75, 601 (1994).
21. Weaver, J. S. & Langmuir, C. H. Calculation of phase equilibrium in mineral-melt systems. Comput. Geosci. 16, 1-19 (1990).
22. Goldstein, S. J., Perfit, M. R., Batiza, R., Fomari, D. J. & Murell, M. T. Off-axis volcanism at the East Pacific Rise detected by uranium-series dating of basalts. Nature 367, 157-159 (1994).
23. Sparks, D. W. & Parmentier, E. M. Melt extraction from the mantle beneath spreading centers. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 105, 368-377 (1991).
24. Spiegelman, M. Physics of melt extraction: Theory, implications and applications. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A 342, 23-41 (1993).