A GCSS boundary-layer cloud model intercomparison study of the first ASTEX Lagrangian experiment

Boundary-Layer Meteorology

Volumn 93, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 341-380

  Bretherton, Christopher S ^a   Krueger, Steven K ^f   Wyant, Matthew C ^a   Bechtold, Peter ^b   Van Meijgaard, Erik ^c   Stevens, Bjorn ^d   Teixeira, Joao ^e  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

^b LABORATOIRE D AÉROLOGIE   (France)

^c ROYAL NETHERLANDS METEOROLOGICAL INSTITUTE KNMI   (Netherlands)

^d Immunology and Pathology   (United States)

^e EUROPEAN CENTRE FOR MEDIUM RANGE WEATHER FORECASTS   (United Kingdom)

^f Box 351640 ^*

Author keywords

Cloud radiation feedback; Cloud topped boundary layers; Drizzle; Entrainment; Large eddy simulation; Stratocumulus

Indexed keywords

BOUNDARY LAYER; CLOUD; COMPARATIVE STUDY; LAGRANGIAN ANALYSIS;

EID: 0033500652     PISSN: 00068314     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1002005429969     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Albrecht, B. A.: 1989, 'Aerosols, Cloud Microphysics and Fractional Cloudiness', Science 245, 1227-1230.
2. Albrecht, B. A., Bretherton, C. S., Johnson, D., Schubert, W., and Frisch, A. S.: 1995: 'The Atlantic Stratocumulus Transition Experiment (ASTEX), Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. 70, 889-903.
3. Austin, P. H. and Bretherton, C. S.: 1997, 'Broadband Radiative Fluxes during the ASTEX Lagrangian Experiments'. University of British Columbia Atmospheric Science Programme Technical Report No. 44, 33 pp. Available on WWW at ftp://ftp.geog.ubc.ca/atsci/reports, or from Dr. P. H. Austin, Atmospheric Science Programme, Geography 217, UBC, 1984 West Mall Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z2, Canada.
4. Bechtold, P., Krueger, S. K., Lewellen, W. S., van Meijgaard, E., Moeng, C.-H., Randall, D. A., van Ulden, A., and Wang, S.: 1996: 'Modeling a Stratocumulus-Topped PBL: Intercomparisons among Different ID Codes and with LES', Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. 77, 2033-2042.
5. Bretherton, C. S., Austin, P. H., and Siems, S. T.: 1995: 'Cloudiness and Marine Boundary Layer Dynamics in the ASTEX Lagrangian Experiments. Part II: Cloudiness, Drizzle, Surface Fluxes and Entrainment', J. Atmos. Sci. 52, 2724-2735.
6. Bretherton, C. S. and Pincus, R.: 1995, 'Cloudiness and Marine Boundary Layer Dynamics in the ASTEX Lagrangian Experiments. Part I: Synoptic Setting and Vertical Structure', J. Atmos. Sci. 52, 2707-2723.
7. Bretherton, C. S., MacVean, M. K., and 14 coauthors, 1999: 'An Intercomparison of Radiatively Driven Entrainment and Turbulence in a Smoke Cloud, as Simulated by Different Numerical Models', Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 125, 391-423.
8. CCM3, 1997: CCM3 Validation of Total Cloud, in the NCAR Community Climate Model WWW site (http://www.cgd.ucar.edu:80/cms/ccm3).
9. Deardorff, J. W.: 1972, 'Parameterization of the Planetary Boundary Layer for Use in General Circulation Models', Mon. Wea. Rev. 100, 93-106.
10. Del Genio, A. D., Yao, M.-S., Kovari, W., and Lo, K. K.-W: 1996, 'A Prognostic Cloud Water Parameterization for Global Climate Models', J. Climate 9, 270-304.
11. de Roode, S. R. and Duynkerke, P. G.: 1996, 'Dynamics of Cumulus Rising into Stratocumulus as Observed during the First "Lagrangian" Experiment of ASTEX', Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 122, 1597-1623.
12. de Roode, S. R. and Duynkerke, P. G.: 1997, Observed Lagrangian Transition of Stratocumulus into Cumulus during ASTEX: Mean State and Turbulence Structure', J. Atmos. Sci. 54, 2157-2173.
13. Duynkerke, P. G., Zhang, H.-Q., and Jonker, P. J.: 1995, 'Microphysical and Turbulent Structure of Nocturnal Stratocumulus during ASTEX', J. Atmos. Sci. 52, 2763-2777.
14. Fowler, L. and Randall, D. A.: 1996,' Liquid and Ice Microphysics in the CSU General Circulation Model. Part II: Impact on Cloudiness, The Earth's Radiation Budget, and the General Circulation of the Atmosphere', J. Climate 9, 530-560.
15. GEWEX Cloud System Science Team: 1993, 'The GEWEX Cloud System Study (GCSS)', Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. 74, 387-399.
16. Hartmann, D. L., Ockert-Bell, M. E., and Michelsen, M. L.: 1992, 'The Effect of Cloud Type on the Earth's Energy Balance', J. Climate 5, 1281-1304.
17. Holtslag, A. A. M. and Boville, B. A.: 1993, 'Local Versus Nonlocal Boundary-Layer Diffusion in a Global Climate Model', J. Climate 6, 1825-1842.
18. Klein, S. A. and Hartmann, D. L.: 1993, 'The Seasonal Cycle of Low Stratiform Clouds', J. Climate 6, 1587-1606.
19. Krueger, S. K., McLean, G. T., and Fu, Q.: 1995, 'Numerical Simulations of the Stratus to Cumulus Transition in the Subtropical Marine Boundary Layer. Part 1: Boundary Layer Structure', J. Atmos. Sci. 52, 2839-2850.
20. Martin, G. M., Johnson, D. W, Rogers, D. P., Jonas, P. R., Minnis, P., and Hegg, D. A.: 1995: 'Observations of the Interaction between Cumulus Clouds and Warm Stratocumulus Clouds in the Marine Boundary Layer during ASTEX', J. Atmos. Sci. 52, 2902-2922.
21. McClatchey, R. A.: 1972, Optical Properties of the Atmosphere, Third Edition, U.S. Air Force Office of Research Publication AFCRL-72-0497.
22. Moeng, C.-H., Cotton, W. R., Bretherton, C. S., Chlond, A., Khairoutdinov, M., Krueger, S., Lewellen, W. S., MacVean, M. K., Pasquier, J. R. M., Rand, H. A., Siebesma, A. P., Sykes, R. I., and Stevens, B.: 1996: 'Simulation of a Stratocumulus-Topped PBL: Intercomparison among Different Numerical Codes', Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. 77, 261-278.
23. Morcrette, J.-J., 1991: 'Radiation and Cloud Radiative Properties in the ECMWF Forecasting System', J. Geophys. Res. 96, 9121-9132.
24. Pincus, R. and Baker, M. B.: 1994, 'Effect of Precipitation on the Albedo Susceptibility of Marine Boundary Layer Clouds', Nature 372, 250-252.
25. Roeckner E., Arpe, K., Bengtsson, L., Brinkop, S., Dümenil, L., Esch, M., Kirk, E., Lunkeit, F., Ponater, M., Rockel, B., Sausen, R., Schlese, U., Schubert, S., and Windelband, M.: 1992, 'Simulation of the Present-Day Climate with the ECHAM-model: Impact of Model Physics and Resolution', Max-Planck Institute für Meteorologie, Report No. 93, Hamburg, 171 pp.
26. Roeckner H., Arpe, K., Bengtsson, L., Christoph, M., Claussen, M., Dümenil, L., Esch, M., Girogetta, M., Schlese, U., and Schulzweida, U.: 1996, 'The Atmospheric General Circulation Model ECHAM-4: Model Description and Simulation of Present-Day Climate', Max-Planck Institute für Meteorologie, Report No. 218, Hamburg, 90 pp.
27. Slingo, A. and Schrecker, H. M.: 1982, 'On the Shortwave Radiative Properties of Stratiform Water Clouds', Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 108, 407-426.
28. Smith, R. N. B.: 1990, 'A Scheme for Predicting Layer Clouds and their Water Content in a General Circulation Model', Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 116, 435-460.
29. Stevens, B.: 1996, On the Dynamics of Precipitating Stratocumulus, Ph.D. Dissertation, Colorado State University, Department of Atmospheric Science Paper 618, 140 pp.
30. Stevens, B., Cotton, W. R., Feingold, G., and Moeng, C.-H.: 1998, 'Large-Eddy Simulations of Strongly Precipitating, Shallow, Stratocumulus-Topped Boundary Layers', J. Atmos. Sci. 55, 3616-3638.
31. Sundquist, H.: 1978, 'A Parameterization Scheme for Non-Convective Condensation Including Prediction of Cloud Water Content', Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 104, 677-690.
32. Sundqvist, H., Berge, E., and Kristjansson, J. E.: 1989, 'Condensation and Cloud Parameterization Studies with a Mesoscale Numerical Weather Prediction Model', Mon. Wea. Rev. 117, 1641-1657.
33. Tiedtke, M.: 1989, 'A Comprehensive Mass Flux Scheme for Cumulus Parameterization in Large-Scale Models', Mon. Wea. Rev. 117, 1780-1800.
34. Tiedtke, M.: 1993, 'Representation of Clouds in Large-Scale Models', Mon. Wea. Rev. 121, 3040-3061.
35. Tiedtke, M., Heckley, W. A., and Slingo, J.: 1988, 'Topical Forecasting at ECMWF: The Influence of Physical Parametrization of the Mean Structure of Forecasts and Analyses', Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 639-664.
36. Wyant, M. C., Bretherton, C. S., Rand, H. A., and Stevens, D. E.: 1997, 'Numerical Simulations and a Conceptual Model of the Subtropical Marine Stratocumulus to Trade Cumulus Transition', J. Atmos. Sci. 54, 168-192.