메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 55, Issue 24, 1998, Pages 3616-3638

Large-eddy simulations of strongly precipitating, shallow, stratocumulus-topped boundary layers

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC HUMIDITY; BOUNDARY LAYERS; CLOUDS; COOLING; HEATING; PRECIPITATION (METEOROLOGY); SIMULATION; TURBULENCE;

EID: 0033489845     PISSN: 00224928     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0469(1998)055<3616:LESOSP>2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (215)

References (42)
  • 1
    • 0027804874 scopus 로고
    • Dissipation of marine stratiform clouds and collapse of the marine boundary layer due to the depletion of cloud condensation nuclei by clouds
    • Ackerman, A. S., O. B. Toon, and P. V. Hobbs. 1993: Dissipation of marine stratiform clouds and collapse of the marine boundary layer due to the depletion of cloud condensation nuclei by clouds. Science, 262, 226-229.
    • (1993) Science , vol.262 , pp. 226-229
    • Ackerman, A.S.1    Toon, O.B.2    Hobbs, P.V.3
  • 2
    • 0024812929 scopus 로고
    • Aerosols, cloud microphysics and fractional cloudiness
    • Albrecht, B. A., 1989: Aerosols, cloud microphysics and fractional cloudiness. Science, 245, 1227-1230.
    • (1989) Science , vol.245 , pp. 1227-1230
    • Albrecht, B.A.1
  • 3
    • 0029412509 scopus 로고
    • Precipitation in stratocumulus clouds: Observational and modeling results
    • Austin, P., Y. Wang, R. Pincus, and V. Kujala, 1995: Precipitation in stratocumulus clouds: Observational and modeling results. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 2329-2352.
    • (1995) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.52 , pp. 2329-2352
    • Austin, P.1    Wang, Y.2    Pincus, R.3    Kujala, V.4
  • 4
    • 0038318170 scopus 로고
    • Saturated-adiabatic ascent of air through dryadiabatically descending environment
    • Bjerknes, J., 1938: Saturated-adiabatic ascent of air through dryadiabatically descending environment. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 64, 325-330.
    • (1938) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.64 , pp. 325-330
    • Bjerknes, J.1
  • 5
    • 0030440448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microphysical and short-wave radiative structure of wintertime stratocumulus clouds over the southern ocean
    • Boers, R., J. B. Jensen, P. B. Krummel, and H. Gerber, 1996: Microphysical and short-wave radiative structure of wintertime stratocumulus clouds over the southern ocean. Quart. J. Roy. Meteror. Soc., 122, 1307-1340.
    • (1996) Quart. J. Roy. Meteror. Soc. , vol.122 , pp. 1307-1340
    • Boers, R.1    Jensen, J.B.2    Krummel, P.B.3    Gerber, H.4
  • 6
    • 0030660431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moisture transport, lower-tropospheric stability, and decoupling of cloud-topped boundary layers
    • Bretherton, C. S., and M. C. Wyant, 1997: Moisture transport, lower-tropospheric stability, and decoupling of cloud-topped boundary layers. J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 148-167.
    • (1997) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.54 , pp. 148-167
    • Bretherton, C.S.1    Wyant, M.C.2
  • 7
    • 0029413997 scopus 로고
    • Cloudiness and marine boundary layer dynamics in the ASTEX Lagrangian experiments. Part II: Cloudiness, drizzle, surface fluxes, and entrainment
    • _, P. Austin, and S. T. Siems, 1995: Cloudiness and marine boundary layer dynamics in the ASTEX Lagrangian experiments. Part II: Cloudiness, drizzle, surface fluxes, and entrainment. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 2724-2735.
    • (1995) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.52 , pp. 2724-2735
    • Austin, P.1    Siems, S.T.2
  • 8
    • 0020369381 scopus 로고
    • Marine stratocumulus layers. Part I: Mean conditions
    • Brost, R. A., D. H. Lenschow, and J. C. Wyngaard, 1982a: Marine stratocumulus layers. Part I: Mean conditions. J. Atoms. Sci., 39, 800-817.
    • (1982) J. Atoms. Sci. , vol.39 , pp. 800-817
    • Brost, R.A.1    Lenschow, D.H.2    Wyngaard, J.C.3
  • 9
    • 0020377244 scopus 로고
    • Marine stratocumulus layers. Part II: Turbulence budgets
    • _, J. C. Wyngaard, and D. H. Lenschow, 1982b: Marine stratocumulus layers. Part II: Turbulence budgets. J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 818-836.
    • (1982) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.39 , pp. 818-836
    • Wyngaard, J.C.1    Lenschow, D.H.2
  • 10
    • 0000016601 scopus 로고
    • The physics of the marine stratocumulus-capped mixed layer
    • Chen, C., and W. R. Cotton, 1987: The physics of the marine stratocumulus-capped mixed layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 2951-2977.
    • (1987) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.44 , pp. 2951-2977
    • Chen, C.1    Cotton, W.R.2
  • 11
    • 0030390538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of cumulus rising into stratocumuls as observed during the first "Lagrangian" experiment of ASTEX
    • De Roode, S. R., and P. G. Duynkerke, 1996: Dynamics of cumulus rising into stratocumuls as observed during the first "Lagrangian" experiment of ASTEX. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 122, 1597-1624.
    • (1996) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.122 , pp. 1597-1624
    • De Roode, S.R.1    Duynkerke, P.G.2
  • 12
    • 0030469073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between drop in-cloud residence time and drizzle production in numerically simulated stratocumulus clouds
    • Feingold, G., B. Stevens, W. R. Cotton, and A. S. Frisch, 1996: The relationship between drop in-cloud residence time and drizzle production in numerically simulated stratocumulus clouds. J. Almos. Sci., 53, 1108-1122.
    • (1996) J. Almos. Sci. , vol.53 , pp. 1108-1122
    • Feingold, G.1    Stevens, B.2    Cotton, W.R.3    Frisch, A.S.4
  • 13
    • 0031659918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulations of marine stratocumulus using a new microphysical parameterization scheme
    • in press
    • _, R. L. Walko, B. Stevens, and W. R. Cotton, 1998: Simulations of marine stratocumulus using a new microphysical parameterization scheme. J. Atmos. Res., in press.
    • (1998) J. Atmos. Res.
    • Walko, R.L.1    Stevens, B.2    Cotton, W.R.3
  • 14
    • 0030430517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microphysics of marine stratocumulus clouds with two drizzle models
    • Gerber, H., 1996: Microphysics of marine stratocumulus clouds with two drizzle models. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 1649-1662.
    • (1996) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.53 , pp. 1649-1662
    • Gerber, H.1
  • 15
    • 0001259044 scopus 로고
    • The terminal velocity of fall for water drops in stagnant air
    • Gunn, R., and G. D. Kinzer, 1949: The terminal velocity of fall for water drops in stagnant air. J. Meteor., 6, 243-248.
    • (1949) J. Meteor. , vol.6 , pp. 243-248
    • Gunn, R.1    Kinzer, G.D.2
  • 16
    • 0001551495 scopus 로고
    • A detailed microphysical model within a two-dimensional dynamical framework: Model description and preliminary results
    • Hall, W. D., 1980: A detailed microphysical model within a two-dimensional dynamical framework: Model description and preliminary results. J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 2486-2507.
    • (1980) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.37 , pp. 2486-2507
    • Hall, W.D.1
  • 17
    • 11744249996 scopus 로고
    • Rain from non freezing clouds
    • Jones, R. F. 1951: Rain from non freezing clouds. Meteor. Mag., 80, 273-274.
    • (1951) Meteor. Mag. , vol.80 , pp. 273-274
    • Jones, R.F.1
  • 18
    • 0029413974 scopus 로고
    • Modeling of stratocumulus cloud layers in a large eddy simulation model with explicit microphysics
    • Kogan, Y. L., M. P. Khairoutdinov, D. K. Lilly, Z. N. Kogan, and Q. Liu, 1995: Modeling of stratocumulus cloud layers in a large eddy simulation model with explicit microphysics. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 2293-2940.
    • (1995) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.52 , pp. 2293-2940
    • Kogan, Y.L.1    Khairoutdinov, M.P.2    Lilly, D.K.3    Kogan, Z.N.4    Liu, Q.5
  • 19
    • 0000220093 scopus 로고
    • The diurnal precipitation change over the sea
    • Kraus, E. B., 1963: The diurnal precipitation change over the sea. J. Atmos. Sci., 28, 551-556.
    • (1963) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.28 , pp. 551-556
    • Kraus, E.B.1
  • 20
    • 0029413985 scopus 로고
    • Numerical simulation of stratus-to-cumulus transition in the subtropical marine boundary layer. Part I: Boundary layer structure
    • Krueger, S. K., G. T. McLean, and Q. Fu, 1995a: Numerical simulation of stratus-to-cumulus transition in the subtropical marine boundary layer. Part I: Boundary layer structure. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 2839-2850.
    • (1995) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.52 , pp. 2839-2850
    • Krueger, S.K.1    McLean, G.T.2    Fu, Q.3
  • 21
    • 0029414016 scopus 로고
    • Numerical simulation of stratus-tocumulus transition in the subtropical marine boundary layer. Part II: Boundary layer circulation
    • _. _. and _. 1995b: Numerical simulation of stratus-tocumulus transition in the subtropical marine boundary layer. Part II: Boundary layer circulation. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 2851-2868.
    • (1995) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.52 , pp. 2851-2868
  • 22
    • 0002147901 scopus 로고
    • The representation of small-scale turbulence in numerical simulation experiments
    • H. H. Goldstine. Ed., IBM Publ. 320-1951
    • Lilly, D., 1967: The representation of small-scale turbulence in numerical simulation experiments. Proceedings of the IBM Scientific Computing Symposium on Environmental Sciences. H. H. Goldstine. Ed., IBM Publ. 320-1951, 195-210.
    • (1967) Proceedings of the IBM Scientific Computing Symposium on Environmental Sciences , pp. 195-210
    • Lilly, D.1
  • 23
    • 0016060812 scopus 로고
    • Solutions to the droplet coalescence equation for polynomial kernels
    • Long, A. B., 1974: Solutions to the droplet coalescence equation for polynomial kernels. J. Atmos. Sci. 31, 1040-1052.
    • (1974) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.31 , pp. 1040-1052
    • Long, A.B.1
  • 24
    • 0029413987 scopus 로고
    • Observations of the interaction between cumulus clouds and warm stratocumulus clouds in the marine boundary layer during ASTEX
    • Martin, G. M., D. W. Johnson, D. P. Rogers, P. R. Jonas, P. Minnis, and D. A. Hegg. 1995: Observations of the interaction between cumulus clouds and warm stratocumulus clouds in the marine boundary layer during ASTEX. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 2902-2922.
    • (1995) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.52 , pp. 2902-2922
    • Martin, G.M.1    Johnson, D.W.2    Rogers, D.P.3    Jonas, P.R.4    Minnis, P.5    Hegg, D.A.6
  • 25
    • 11744311551 scopus 로고
    • Some characteristics of stratiform clouds over North Ireland m relation to their precipitation
    • Mason, B. J., and B. P. Howarth. 1952: Some characteristics of stratiform clouds over North Ireland m relation to their precipitation. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 78, 226-230.
    • (1952) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.78 , pp. 226-230
    • Mason, B.J.1    Howarth, B.P.2
  • 26
    • 0028255133 scopus 로고
    • Large eddy simulations: A critical review of the technique
    • Mason, P., 1994: Large eddy simulations: A critical review of the technique. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 120, 1-26.
    • (1994) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.120 , pp. 1-26
    • Mason, P.1
  • 27
    • 0021563606 scopus 로고
    • The dynamics of stratocumulus: Aircraft observations and comparisons with a mixed layer model
    • Nicholls, S., 1984: The dynamics of stratocumulus: Aircraft observations and comparisons with a mixed layer model. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 110, 783-820.
    • (1984) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.110 , pp. 783-820
    • Nicholls, S.1
  • 28
    • 84983942975 scopus 로고
    • A model of drizzle growth in warm, turbulent, stratiform clouds
    • _. 1987: A model of drizzle growth in warm, turbulent, stratiform clouds, Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 113, 1141-1170.
    • (1987) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.113 , pp. 1141-1170
  • 29
    • 0022841359 scopus 로고
    • An observational study of the structure of stratiform cloud sheets: Part I. Structure
    • _. and J. Leighton, 1986: An observational study of the structure of stratiform cloud sheets: Part I. Structure. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 112, 431-460.
    • (1986) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.112 , pp. 431-460
    • Leighton, J.1
  • 30
    • 0026304623 scopus 로고
    • Stratiform cloud formation in the marine boundary layer
    • Paluch, I. R., and D. H. Lenschow, 1991: Stratiform cloud formation in the marine boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 2141-2157.
    • (1991) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.48 , pp. 2141-2157
    • Paluch, I.R.1    Lenschow, D.H.2
  • 31
    • 0028162965 scopus 로고
    • Effect of precipitation on the albedo susceptibility of marine boundary layer clouds
    • Pincus, R., and M. B. Baker, 1994: Effect of precipitation on the albedo susceptibility of marine boundary layer clouds. Nature, 372, 250-252.
    • (1994) Nature , vol.372 , pp. 250-252
    • Pincus, R.1    Baker, M.B.2
  • 33
    • 0021502638 scopus 로고
    • On the dynamics of stratocumulus formation and dissipation
    • Randall, D. A., and M. J. Suarez, 1984: On the dynamics of stratocumulus formation and dissipation. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 3052-3057.
    • (1984) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.41 , pp. 3052-3057
    • Randall, D.A.1    Suarez, M.J.2
  • 34
    • 0012384308 scopus 로고
    • Marine stratocumulus convection. Part I: Governing equations and horizontally homogeneous solutions
    • Schubert, W. H., J. S. Wakefield, E. J. Steiner, and S. K. Cox, 1979: Marine stratocumulus convection. Part I: Governing equations and horizontally homogeneous solutions. J. Atmos. Sci., 34, 1286-1307.
    • (1979) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.34 , pp. 1286-1307
    • Schubert, W.H.1    Wakefield, J.S.2    Steiner, E.J.3    Cox, S.K.4
  • 35
    • 0003993005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ph.D. thesis, Colorado State University, Available from Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523
    • Stevens, B., 1996: On the dynamics of precipitating stratocumulus. Ph.D. thesis, Colorado State University, 140 pp. [Available from Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523.]
    • (1996) On the Dynamics of Precipitating Stratocumulus
    • Stevens, B.1
  • 36
    • 0029774486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elements of the microphysical structure of numerical simulated nonprecipitating stratocumulus
    • _, G. Feingold, W. R. Cotton, and R. L. Walko, 1996: Elements of the microphysical structure of numerical simulated nonprecipitating stratocumulus. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 980-1007.
    • (1996) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.53 , pp. 980-1007
    • Feingold, G.1    Cotton, W.R.2    Walko, R.L.3
  • 37
    • 11744286839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A critique of one and two-dimensional models of boundary layer clouds with detailed representations of droplet microphysics
    • in press
    • _, W. R. Cotton, and G. Feingold, 1997: A critique of one and two-dimensional models of boundary layer clouds with detailed representations of droplet microphysics. Atmos. Res., in press.
    • (1997) Atmos. Res.
    • Cotton, W.R.1    Feingold, G.2
  • 38
    • 0023519720 scopus 로고
    • A study of the diurnal variation of stratocumulus using a multiple mixed layer model
    • Turton, J. D., and S. Nicholls. 1987: A study of the diurnal variation of stratocumulus using a multiple mixed layer model. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 113, 969-1009.
    • (1987) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.113 , pp. 969-1009
    • Turton, J.D.1    Nicholls, S.2
  • 39
    • 0023582542 scopus 로고
    • An efficient numerical solution to the stochastic collection equation
    • Tzivion, S., G. Feingold, and Z. Levin, 1987: An efficient numerical solution to the stochastic collection equation. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 3139-3149.
    • (1987) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.44 , pp. 3139-3149
    • Tzivion, S.1    Feingold, G.2    Levin, Z.3
  • 40
    • 0022835579 scopus 로고
    • A stratocumulus model with an internal circulation
    • Wang, S., and B. A. Albrecht, 1986: A stratocumulus model with an internal circulation. J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 2374-2390.
    • (1986) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.43 , pp. 2374-2390
    • Wang, S.1    Albrecht, B.A.2
  • 41
    • 0000244157 scopus 로고
    • Roles of drizzle in a one-dimensional third-order turbulence closure model of the nocturnal stratus-topped marine boundary layer
    • _, and Q. Wang, 1994: Roles of drizzle in a one-dimensional third-order turbulence closure model of the nocturnal stratus-topped marine boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 1559-1576.
    • (1994) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.51 , pp. 1559-1576
    • Wang, Q.1
  • 42
    • 0030663894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Numerical simulations and a conceptual model of the stratocumulus to trade cumulus transition
    • Wyant, M. C., C. S. Bretherton, H. A. Rand, and D. E. Stevens, 1997: Numerical simulations and a conceptual model of the stratocumulus to trade cumulus transition. J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 168-192.
    • (1997) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.54 , pp. 168-192
    • Wyant, M.C.1    Bretherton, C.S.2    Rand, H.A.3    Stevens, D.E.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.