메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 19, Issue 12, 1999, Pages 2993-3000

Both raloxifene and estrogen reduce major cardiovascular risk factors in healthy postmenopausal women: A 2-year, placebo-controlled study

Author keywords

Coagulation; Estrogen; Fibrinolysis; Lipids; Raloxifene

Indexed keywords

C REACTIVE PROTEIN; CONJUGATED ESTROGEN; FIBRINOGEN; GLUCOSE; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; LIPID; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; PLACEBO; PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR INHIBITOR 1; PROTHROMBIN; RALOXIFENE; TRIACYLGLYCEROL;

EID: 0033382707     PISSN: 10795642     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1161/01.ATV.19.12.2993     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (165)

References (55)
  • 3
    • 0025981467 scopus 로고
    • Estrogen replacement therapy and coronary heart disease: A quantitative assessment of the epidemiologic evidence
    • Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA. Estrogen replacement therapy and coronary heart disease: a quantitative assessment of the epidemiologic evidence. Prev Med. 1991;20:47-63.
    • (1991) Prev Med. , vol.20 , pp. 47-63
    • Stampfer, M.J.1    Colditz, G.A.2
  • 7
    • 0032547326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized trial of estrogen plus progestin for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in post-menopausal women
    • Hulley S, Grady D, Bush T, Furberg C, Herrington D, Riggs B, Vittinghof E, for the Heart, and Estrogen/progestin Replacement Study (HERS) Research group. Randomized trial of estrogen plus progestin for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in post-menopausal women. JAMA. 1998;280:605-613.
    • (1998) JAMA , vol.280 , pp. 605-613
    • Hulley, S.1    Grady, D.2    Bush, T.3    Furberg, C.4    Herrington, D.5    Riggs, B.6    Vittinghof, E.7
  • 9
    • 0030843969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breast cancer and hormonal replacement therapy: Collaborative reanalysis of data from 51 epidemiological studies of 52 705 women with breast cancer and 108 411 women without breast cancer
    • Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors in Breast Cancer. Breast cancer and hormonal replacement therapy: collaborative reanalysis of data from 51 epidemiological studies of 52 705 women with breast cancer and 108 411 women without breast cancer. Lancet. 1997;350: 1047-1059.
    • (1997) Lancet , vol.350 , pp. 1047-1059
  • 10
    • 0031058448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of endometrial cancer in relation to use of oestrogen combined with cyclic progestagen therapy in postmenopausal women
    • Beresford SAA, Weiss NS, Voigt LF, McKnight B. Risk of endometrial cancer in relation to use of oestrogen combined with cyclic progestagen therapy in postmenopausal women. Lancet. 1997;349: 458-461.
    • (1997) Lancet , vol.349 , pp. 458-461
    • Beresford, S.A.A.1    Weiss, N.S.2    Voigt, L.F.3    McKnight, B.4
  • 12
    • 0031816540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential response of estrogen receptor α and estrogen receptor β to partial estrogen agonists/antagonists
    • Barkhem T, Carlsson B, Nilsson Y, Enmark E, Gustafsson J, Nilsson S. Differential response of estrogen receptor α and estrogen receptor β to partial estrogen agonists/antagonists. Mol Pharmacol. 1998;54: 105-112.
    • (1998) Mol Pharmacol. , vol.54 , pp. 105-112
    • Barkhem, T.1    Carlsson, B.2    Nilsson, Y.3    Enmark, E.4    Gustafsson, J.5    Nilsson, S.6
  • 15
    • 0002830054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Raloxifene reduces breast-cancer risk
    • Husten L. Raloxifene reduces breast-cancer risk. Lancet. 1999;353:44.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.353 , pp. 44
    • Husten, L.1
  • 16
    • 0031733090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lack of effect of raloxifene on coronary artery atherosclerosis of postmenopausal monkeys
    • Clarkson TB, Anthony MS, Jerome CP. Lack of effect of raloxifene on coronary artery atherosclerosis of postmenopausal monkeys. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998;83:721-726.
    • (1998) J Clin Endocrinol Metab. , vol.83 , pp. 721-726
    • Clarkson, T.B.1    Anthony, M.S.2    Jerome, C.P.3
  • 17
    • 0029963427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Update: Blood collection and handling procedures for assessment of plasminogen activators and inhibitors (Leiden Fibrinolysis Workshop)
    • Kluft C, Meijer P. Update: blood collection and handling procedures for assessment of plasminogen activators and inhibitors (Leiden Fibrinolysis Workshop). Fibrinolysis. 1996;1996:10:171-179.
    • (1996) Fibrinolysis , vol.1996 , Issue.10 , pp. 171-179
    • Kluft, C.1    Meijer, P.2
  • 18
    • 0027125530 scopus 로고
    • The pathogenesis of coronary artery disease and the acute coronary syndromes
    • Fuster V, Badimon L, Badimon JJ, Chesebro JH. The pathogenesis of coronary artery disease and the acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med. 1992;326:242-250.
    • (1992) N Engl J Med. , vol.326 , pp. 242-250
    • Fuster, V.1    Badimon, L.2    Badimon, J.J.3    Chesebro, J.H.4
  • 19
    • 0003032883 scopus 로고
    • Coronary heart disease and its risk factors among women in the Framingham study
    • Weger NK, ed. New-York, NY: Haymarket-Doyma
    • Eaker ED, Castelli WP. Coronary heart disease and its risk factors among women in the Framingham study. In: Weger NK, ed. Coronary Heart Disease in Women: Proceedings of an NIH Workshop. New-York, NY: Haymarket-Doyma; 1987:122-130.
    • (1987) Coronary Heart Disease in Women: Proceedings of an NIH Workshop , pp. 122-130
    • Eaker, E.D.1    Castelli, W.P.2
  • 20
    • 0027153282 scopus 로고
    • Fibrinogen as a cardiovascular risk factor: A meta-analysis and review of the literature
    • Ernst E, Resch KL. Fibrinogen as a cardiovascular risk factor: a meta-analysis and review of the literature. Ann Intern Med. 1993;118: 956-963.
    • (1993) Ann Intern Med. , vol.118 , pp. 956-963
    • Ernst, E.1    Resch, K.L.2
  • 21
    • 0030499777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biological mechanisms for the clinical success of lipid-lowering in coronary artery disease and the use of surrogate end-points
    • Kinlay S, Selwyn AP, Delagrange D, Creager MA, Libby P, Ganz P. Biological mechanisms for the clinical success of lipid-lowering in coronary artery disease and the use of surrogate end-points [review]. Curr Opin Lipidol. 1996;7:389-397.
    • (1996) Curr Opin Lipidol. , vol.7 , pp. 389-397
    • Kinlay, S.1    Selwyn, A.P.2    Delagrange, D.3    Creager, M.A.4    Libby, P.5    Ganz, P.6
  • 22
    • 0026072558 scopus 로고
    • Effects of postmenopausal estrogen replacement on the concentrations and metabolism of plasma lipoproteins
    • Walsh BW, Schiff I, Rosner B, Greenberg L, Ravnikar V, Sacks FM. Effects of postmenopausal estrogen replacement on the concentrations and metabolism of plasma lipoproteins. N Engl J Med. 1991;325: 1196-1204.
    • (1991) N Engl J Med. , vol.325 , pp. 1196-1204
    • Walsh, B.W.1    Schiff, I.2    Rosner, B.3    Greenberg, L.4    Ravnikar, V.5    Sacks, F.M.6
  • 23
    • 77957126077 scopus 로고
    • Effects of estrogen or estrogen/ progestin regimens on heart disease risk factors in postmenopausal women
    • The writing group for the PEPI trial. Effects of estrogen or estrogen/ progestin regimens on heart disease risk factors in postmenopausal women. JAMA. 1995;273:199-208.
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.273 , pp. 199-208
  • 24
    • 0030047305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomised comparison of oestrogen versus oestrogen plus progestogen hormone replacement therapy in women with hysterectomy
    • Meade TW for MRC General Practice Research Framework. Randomised comparison of oestrogen versus oestrogen plus progestogen hormone replacement therapy in women with hysterectomy. BMJ. 1996;312:473-478.
    • (1996) BMJ , vol.312 , pp. 473-478
    • Meade, T.W.1
  • 25
    • 0028787173 scopus 로고
    • The effect of the anti-estrogen tamoxifen on cardiovascular risk factors in postmenopausal women
    • Grey AB, Stapleton JP, Evans MC, Reid IR. The effect of the anti-estrogen tamoxifen on cardiovascular risk factors in postmenopausal women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1995;80:3191-3195.
    • (1995) J Clin Endocrinol Metab. , vol.80 , pp. 3191-3195
    • Grey, A.B.1    Stapleton, J.P.2    Evans, M.C.3    Reid, I.R.4
  • 27
    • 0022456499 scopus 로고
    • Increased mRNA for low density lipoprotein in livers of rabbits treated with 17α-ethinyl estradiol
    • Ma PTS, Yamamoto T, Goldstein JL, Brown MS. Increased mRNA for low density lipoprotein in livers of rabbits treated with 17α-ethinyl estradiol. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986;83:792-796.
    • (1986) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.83 , pp. 792-796
    • Ma, P.T.S.1    Yamamoto, T.2    Goldstein, J.L.3    Brown, M.S.4
  • 28
    • 0027421131 scopus 로고
    • Plasma lipoprotein levels as predictors of cardiovascular death in women
    • Miller Bass K, Newschaffer CJ, Klag MJ, Bush TL. Plasma lipoprotein levels as predictors of cardiovascular death in women. Arch Intern Med. 1993;153:2209-2216.
    • (1993) Arch Intern Med. , vol.153 , pp. 2209-2216
    • Miller Bass, K.1    Newschaffer, C.J.2    Klag, M.J.3    Bush, T.L.4
  • 30
    • 0022485574 scopus 로고
    • The triglyceride issue: A view from Framingham
    • Castelli WP. The triglyceride issue: a view from Framingham. Am Heart J. 1986;112:432-437.
    • (1986) Am Heart J. , vol.112 , pp. 432-437
    • Castelli, W.P.1
  • 33
    • 0029805074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fibrinolytic factors and the risk of myocardial infarction or sudden death in patients with angina pectoris
    • Juhan-Vague I, Pyke SDM, Alessi MC, Jespersen J, Haverkate F, Thompson SG. Fibrinolytic factors and the risk of myocardial infarction or sudden death in patients with angina pectoris. Circulation. 1996;94:2057-2063.
    • (1996) Circulation , vol.94 , pp. 2057-2063
    • Juhan-Vague, I.1    Pyke, S.D.M.2    Alessi, M.C.3    Jespersen, J.4    Haverkate, F.5    Thompson, S.G.6
  • 34
    • 0028226514 scopus 로고
    • Prospective study of endogenous tissue plasminogen activator and the risk of stroke
    • Ridker PM, Hennekens CH, Stampfer MJ, Manson JE, Vaughan DE. Prospective study of endogenous tissue plasminogen activator and the risk of stroke. Lancet. 1994;343:940-943.
    • (1994) Lancet , vol.343 , pp. 940-943
    • Ridker, P.M.1    Hennekens, C.H.2    Stampfer, M.J.3    Manson, J.E.4    Vaughan, D.E.5
  • 35
    • 0031054058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Production of C-reactive protein and the risk of coronary events in stable and unstable angina
    • Haverkate F, Thompson SG, Pyke SDM, Gallimore JR, Pepys MB. Production of C-reactive protein and the risk of coronary events in stable and unstable angina. Lancet. 1997;349:462-466.
    • (1997) Lancet , vol.349 , pp. 462-466
    • Haverkate, F.1    Thompson, S.G.2    Pyke, S.D.M.3    Gallimore, J.R.4    Pepys, M.B.5
  • 36
    • 0030956673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammation, aspirin, and the risk of cardiovascular disease in apparently healthy men
    • Ridker PM, Cushman M, Stampfer MJ, Tracy RP, Hennekens CH. Inflammation, aspirin, and the risk of cardiovascular disease in apparently healthy men. N Engl J Med. 1997;336:973-979.
    • (1997) N Engl J Med. , vol.336 , pp. 973-979
    • Ridker, P.M.1    Cushman, M.2    Stampfer, M.J.3    Tracy, R.P.4    Hennekens, C.H.5
  • 37
    • 0032566401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective study of C-reactive protein and the risk of future cardiovascular events among apparently healthy women
    • Ridker PM, Buring JE, Shih J, Matias M, Hennekens CH. Prospective study of C-reactive protein and the risk of future cardiovascular events among apparently healthy women. Circulation. 1998;98:731-733.
    • (1998) Circulation , vol.98 , pp. 731-733
    • Ridker, P.M.1    Buring, J.E.2    Shih, J.3    Matias, M.4    Hennekens, C.H.5
  • 39
    • 0025735262 scopus 로고
    • Hepatic lipase activity during oral and parental 17β-estradiol replacement therapy: High-density lipoprotein increase may not be antiatherogenic
    • Basdevant A, de Lignieres B, Simon P, Blache D, Ponsin G, Guy-Grand B. Hepatic lipase activity during oral and parental 17β-estradiol replacement therapy: high-density lipoprotein increase may not be antiatherogenic. Fertil Steril. 1991;55:1112-1117.
    • (1991) Fertil Steril. , vol.55 , pp. 1112-1117
    • Basdevant, A.1    De Lignieres, B.2    Simon, P.3    Blache, D.4    Ponsin, G.5    Guy-Grand, B.6
  • 42
    • 0028293018 scopus 로고
    • The effects of transdermal estradiol and oral conjugated estrogens on haemostatic variables
    • Kroon U, Silfverstolpe G, Tengborn L. The effects of transdermal estradiol and oral conjugated estrogens on haemostatic variables. Thromb Haemost.1994;71:420-423.
    • (1994) Thromb Haemost. , vol.71 , pp. 420-423
    • Kroon, U.1    Silfverstolpe, G.2    Tengborn, L.3
  • 43
    • 84941840962 scopus 로고
    • The effect of two regimens of hormone replacement therapy on the haemostatic profile in postmenopausal women
    • van Wersch JWJ, Ubachs JMH, van den Ende A, van Enk A. The effect of two regimens of hormone replacement therapy on the haemostatic profile in postmenopausal women. Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem. 1994;32:449-453.
    • (1994) Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem. , vol.32 , pp. 449-453
    • Van Wersch, J.W.J.1    Ubachs, J.M.H.2    Van Den Ende, A.3    Van Enk, A.4
  • 44
    • 0030587841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of hormone replacement therapy on the circadian pattern of atherothrombotic risk factors
    • Katz RJ, Hsia J, Walker P, Jacobs H, Kessler C. Effects of hormone replacement therapy on the circadian pattern of atherothrombotic risk factors. Am J Cardiol. 1996;78:876-880.
    • (1996) Am J Cardiol. , vol.78 , pp. 876-880
    • Katz, R.J.1    Hsia, J.2    Walker, P.3    Jacobs, H.4    Kessler, C.5
  • 45
    • 0031443428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of oral and transdermal estrogen/progesterone regimens on blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in postmenopausal women: A randomized controlled trial
    • Scarabin PY, Alhenc-Gelas M, Plu-Bureau G, Taisne P, Agher R, Aiach M. Effects of oral and transdermal estrogen/progesterone regimens on blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1997;17:3071-3078.
    • (1997) Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. , vol.17 , pp. 3071-3078
    • Scarabin, P.Y.1    Alhenc-Gelas, M.2    Plu-Bureau, G.3    Taisne, P.4    Agher, R.5    Aiach, M.6
  • 46
    • 0030764551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PAI-1, obesity, insulin resistance, and risk of cardiovascular events
    • Juhan-Vague I, Alessi MC. PAI-1, obesity, insulin resistance, and risk of cardiovascular events. Thromb Haemost. 1997;78:656-660.
    • (1997) Thromb Haemost. , vol.78 , pp. 656-660
    • Juhan-Vague, I.1    Alessi, M.C.2
  • 50
    • 0028033973 scopus 로고
    • Effects of postmenopausal hormone replacement with oral and transdermal estrogen on high density lipoprotein metabolism
    • Walsh BW, Li H, Sacks FM. Effects of postmenopausal hormone replacement with oral and transdermal estrogen on high density lipoprotein metabolism. J Lipid Res. 1994;35:2083-2093.
    • (1994) J Lipid Res. , vol.35 , pp. 2083-2093
    • Walsh, B.W.1    Li, H.2    Sacks, F.M.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.