Loss of pathogenic potential after cloning of the low-passage Borrelia burgdorferi ZS7 tick isolate: A cautionary note

Medical Microbiology and Immunology

Volumn 188, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 125-130

  Siebers, Annette ^a   Simon, Markus M ^a   Zhong, Weimin ^b   Wallich, Reinhard ^c  

^a MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE OF IMMUNOBIOLOGY AND EPIGENETICS   (Germany)

^b TRUDEAU INSTITUTE   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF HEIDELBERG   (Germany)

Author keywords

Antigenic variation; Borrelia burgdorferi; Cloning; Lyme borreliosis; Pathogenic potential

Indexed keywords

MEMBRANE PROTEIN;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANTIGENIC VARIATION; ARTICLE; BACTERIAL VIRULENCE; BORRELIA BURGDORFERI; EXPERIMENTAL INFECTION; FEMALE; GENETIC POLYMORPHISM; IMMUNE RESPONSE; LYME DISEASE; MOLECULAR CLONING; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; PATHOGENICITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TICK;

ANIMALS; ANTIGENIC VARIATION; ANTIGENS, BACTERIAL; ANTIGENS, SURFACE; BACTERIAL OUTER MEMBRANE PROTEINS; BACTERIAL VACCINES; BORRELIA BURGDORFERI GROUP; CLONING, MOLECULAR; DEAD-BOX RNA HELICASES; ELECTROPHORESIS, GEL, PULSED-FIELD; ESCHERICHIA COLI PROTEINS; FEMALE; IMMUNOCOMPETENCE; LIPOPROTEINS; LYME DISEASE; MICE; MICE, SCID; POLYMORPHISM, RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH; RNA HELICASES; RNA-BINDING PROTEINS; TICKS; VIRULENCE;

EID: 0033369270     PISSN: 03008584     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s004300050114     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. 1. Baranton G, Postic D, Saint Girons I, Boerlin P, Piffaretti J-C, Assous M, Grimont PAD (1992) Delineation of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, Borrelia garinii sp. nov., and group VS461 associated with Lyme borreliosis. Int J Syst Bacteriol 42:378-383
2. 2. Barthold SW, Souza MS de, Janotka JL, Smith AL, Persing DH (1993) Chronic Lyme borreliosis in the laboratory mouse. Am J Pathol 143:959-971
3. 3. Bundoc VG, Harbour AG (1989) Clonal polymorphisms of outer membrane protein OspB of Borrelia burgdorferi. Infect Immun 57:2733-2741
4. 4. Fikrig E, Tao H, Kantor FS, Barthold SW, Flavell RA (1993) Evasion of protective immunity by Borrelia burgdorferi by truncation of outer surface protein B. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90:4092-4096
5. 5. Fraser CM, Casjens S, Huang WM, et al (1997) Genomic sequence of a Lyme disease spirochaete, Borrelia burgdorferi. Nature 390:580-586
6. 6. Golde WT, Dolan MC (1995) Variation in antigenicity and infectivity of derivatives of Borrelia burgdorferi, strain B31, maintained in the natural, zoonotic cycle compared with maintenance in culture. Infect Immun 63:4795-4801
7. 7. Guttman DS, Wang PW, Wang I-N, Bosler EM, Luft BJ, Dykhuizen DE (1996) Multiple infections of Ixodes scapularis ticks by Borrelia burgdorferi as revealed by single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis. J Clin Microbiol 34:652-656
8. 8. Hofmeister EK, Childs JE (1995) Analysis of Borrelia burgdorferi sequentially isolated from Peromyscus leucopus captured at a Lyme disease enzootic site. J Infect Dis 172:462-469
9. 9. Kurtti TJ, Munderloh UG, Johnson RC, Ahlstrand GG (1987) Colony formation and morphology in Borrelia burgdorferi. J Clin Microbiol 25:2054-2058
10. 10. Leuba-Garcia S, Kramer MD, Wallich R, Gern L (1994) Characterization of Borrelia burgdorferi isolated from different organs of Ixodes ricinus ticks collected in nature. Zentralbl Bakteriol Hyg 280:468-475
11. 11. Liveris D, Varde S, Iyer R, Koenig S, Bittker S, Cooper D, McKenna D, Nowakowski J, Nadelman RB, Wormser GP, Schwartz I (1999) Genetic diversity of Borrelia burgdorferi in Lyme disease patients as determined by culture versus direct PCR with clinical specimens. J Clin Microbiol 37:565-569
12. 12. Margolis N, Rosa PA (1993) Regulation of expression of major outer surface proteins in Borrelia burgdorferi. Infect Immun 61:2207-2210
13. 13. Moter SE, Hofmann H, Wallich R, Simon MM, Kramer MD (1994) Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in lesional skin of patients with erythema migrans and acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans by ospA-specific PCR. J Clin Microbiol 32:2980-2988
14. 14. Norris SJ, Howell JK, Garza SA, Ferdows MS, Barbour AG (1995) High-and low-infectivity phenotypes of clonal populations of in vitro-cultured Borrelia burgdorferi. Infect Immun 63:2206-2212
15. 15. Ramamoorthy R, Philipp MT (1998) Differential expression of Borrelia burgdorferi proteins during growth in vitro. Infect Immun 66:5119-5124
16. 16. Rosa PA, Schwan T, Hogan D (1992) Recombination between genes encoding major outer surface proteins A and B of Borrelia burgdorferi. Mol Microbiol 6:3031-3040
17. 17. Ryan JR, Levine JF, Apperson CS, Lubke L, Wirtz RA, Spears PA, Orndorff PE (1998) An experimental chain of infection reveals that distinct Borrelia burgdorferi populations are selected in arthropod and mammalian hosts. Mol Microbiol 30:365-379
18. 18. Sadziene A, Rosa PA, Thompson PA, Hogan DM, Barbour AG (1992) Antibody-resistant mutants of Borrelia burgdorferi: in vitro selection and characterization. J Exp Med 176:799-809
19. 19. Samuels DS (1995) Electrotransformation of the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. Methods Mol Biol 47:253-259
20. 20. Schaible UE, Kramer MD, Museteanu C, Zimmer G, Mossmann H, Simon MM (1989) The severe combined immunodeficiency (scid) mouse. A laboratory model for the analysis of Lyme arthritis and carditis. J Exp Med 170:1427-1432
21. 21. Sinsky RJ, Piesman J (1989) Ear punch biopsy method for detection and isolation of Borrelia burgdorferi from rodents. J Clin Microbiol 27:1723-1727
22. 22. Steere AC (1989) Lyme disease. N Engl J Med 321:586-596
23. 23. Steere AC, Sikand VK, Meurice F, Parenti DL, Fikrig E, Schoen RT, Nowakowski J, Schmid CH, Laukamp S, Buscarino C, Krause DS (1998) Vaccination against Lyme disease with recombinant Borrelia burgdorferi outer-surface lipoprotein A with adjuvant. N Engl J Med 339:209-215
24. 24. Stevenson B, Schwan TG, Rosa PA (1995) Temperature-related differential expression of antigens in the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi. Infect Immun 63:4535-4539
25. 25. Stevenson B, Casjens S, Rosa P (1998) Evidence of past recombination events among the genes encoding the Erp antigens of Borrelia burgdorferi. Microbiology 144:1869-1879
26. 26. Wallich R, Helmes C, Schaible UE, Lobet Y, Moter SE, Kramer MD, Simon MM (1992) Evaluation of genetic divergence among Borrelia burgdorferi isolates by use of OspA, fla, HSP60, and HSP70 gene probes. Infect Immun 60:4856-4866
27. 27. Wallich R, Brenner C, Kramer MD, Simon MM (1995) Molecular cloning and immunological characterization of a novel linear-plasmid-encoded gene, pG, of Borrelia burgdorferi expressed only in vivo. Infect Immun 63:3327-3335
28. 28. Zhang J-R, Norris SJ (1998) Kinetics and in vivo induction of genetic variation of vlsE in Borrelia burgdorferi. Infect Immun 66:3689-3697
29. 29. Zhang J-R, Hardham JM, Barbour AG, Norris SJ (1997) Antigenic variation in Lyme disease borreliae by promiscuous recombination of vmp-like sequence cassettes. Cell 89:275-285
30. 30. Zhong W, Gern L, Kramer M, Wallich R, Simon MM (1997) T helper cell priming of mice to Borrelia burgdorferi OspA leads to induction of protective antibodies following experimental but not tick-borne infection. Eur J Immunol 27:2942-2947
31. 31. Zhong W, Gern L, Stehle T, Museteanu C, Kramer M, Wallich R, Simon MM (1999) Resolution of experimental and tickborne Borrelia burgdorferi infection in mice by passive, but not active immunization using recombinant OspC. Eur J Immunol 29:946-957