Spontaneous emission of dye molecules, semiconductor nanocrystals, and rare-earth ions in opal-based photonic crystals

Journal of Lightwave Technology

Volumn 17, Issue 11, 1999, Pages 2128-2137

  Gaponenko, S V ^a   Bogomolov, V N ^b   Petrov, E P ^a   Kapitonov, A M ^a   Yarotsky, D A ^a   Kalosha, I I ^a   Eychmueller, A A ^c   Rogach, A L ^c   McGilp, J ^d   Woggon, U ^e   Gindele, F ^e  

^a B I STEPANOV INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS   (Belarus)

^b IOFFE INSTITUTE   (Russian Federation)

^c UNIVERSITY OF HAMBURG   (Germany)

^d TRINITY COLLEGE DUBLIN   (Ireland)

^e TU DORTMUND UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COLLOID CHEMISTRY; CRYSTALLINE MATERIALS; DOPING (ADDITIVES); DYES; ENERGY GAP; GEMS; IONS; NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS; RARE EARTH ELEMENTS; SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIALS; SILICA; SPONTANEOUS EMISSION;

PHOTONIC BAND GAP (PBG); PHOTONIC CRYSTALS;

OPTICAL MATERIALS;

EID: 0033312972     PISSN: 07338724     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/50.803003     Document Type: Article

References (87)

1. E. Yablonovitch, "Inhibited spontaneous emission in solid-state physics and electronics," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 58, pp. 2059-2062, 1987.
2. S. John, "Strong localization of photons in certain disordered dielectric superlattices," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 58, pp. 2486-2489, 1987.
3. C. Bowden, J. Dowling, and H. Everitt, Eds., "Development and applications of materials exhibiting photonic band gaps," J. Opt. Soc. Amer. B, 1993, vol. 10, no. 2, special issue.
4. G. Kurizki and J. W. Haus, Eds., "Photonic band structures," J. Mod. Opt., 1994, vol. 41, no. 2, special issue.
5. E. M. Purcell, "Spontaneous emission probabilities at radio frequencies," Phys. Rev., vol. 69, p. 681, 1946.
6. V. P. Bykov, Radiation of Atoms in a Resonant Environment. Singapore: World Scientific, 1993.
7. P. R. Berman, Ed., Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics. New York: Academic, 1994.
8. A. N. Rubinov and V. I. Nikolaev, "Peculiarities of luminescence of a substance in a Fabry-Perot interferometer," Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Fiz., vol. 34, pp. 1308-1311, 1970, in Russian.
9. F. De Martini, M. Marrocco, P. Mataloni, L. Crescentini, and R. Loudon, "Spontaneous emission in the optical microcavity," Phys. Rev. A, vol. 43, pp. 4280-2497, 1991.
10. K. Tanaka, T. Nakamura, W. Takamatsu, M. Yamanishi, Y. Lee, and T. Ishihara, "Cavity-induced changes of spontaneous emission lifetime in one-dimensional semiconductor microcavities," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 74, pp. 3380-3383, 1995.
11. J. P. Reithmaier, M. Rohner, H. Zull, F. Schafer, A. Forchel, P. A. Knipp, and T. L. Reinecke, "Size dependence of confined optical modes in photonic quantum dots," Phys. Rev Lett., vol. 78. pp. 378-381, 1997.
12. S. Robert, H. Rigneault, and L. Lamarque, "Spontaneous emission properties of Pr ions located in planar dielectric microcavities," J. Opt. Soc. Amer. B, vol. 15, pp. 1773-1779, 1998.
13. R. E. Kunz and W. Lukosz, "Changes in fluorescence lifetimes induced by variable optical environments," Phys. Rev. B, vol. 21, pp. 4814-4828, 1980.
14. G. L. J. A. Rikken, "Spontaneous emission from stratified dielectrics," Phys. Rev. A, vol. 51, pp. 4906-4909, 1995.
15. J. K. Trautman, J. J. Macklin, T. D. Harris, and L. E. Brus, "Imaging and time-resolved spectroscopy of single molecules at an interface," Science, vol. 272, pp. 255-258, 1996.
16. W. Kim, V. P. Safonov, V. M. Shalaev, and R. L. Armstrong, "Fractals in microcavities: Giant coupled, multiplicative enhancement of optical responses," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 82, pp. 4811-4814, 1999.
17. P. Lavallard, M. Rosenbauer, and T. Gacoin, "Influence of surrounding dielectrics on the spontaneous emission of sulforhodamine B molecules," Phys. Rev. A, vol. 54, pp. 5450-5453. 1996; G. Lamouche, P. Lavallard, and T. Gacoin, "Optical properties of dye molecules as a function of the surrounding dielectric medium," Phys. Rev. A, vol. 59, pp. 4668-4674, 1999.
18. P. Lavallard, M. Rosenbauer, and T. Gacoin, "Influence of surrounding dielectrics on the spontaneous emission of sulforhodamine B molecules," Phys. Rev. A, vol. 54, pp. 5450-5453. 1996; G. Lamouche, P. Lavallard, and T. Gacoin, "Optical properties of dye molecules as a function of the surrounding dielectric medium," Phys. Rev. A, vol. 59, pp. 4668-4674, 1999.
19. D. Toptygin and L. Brand, "Fluorescence decay of DPH in lipid membranes: Influence of the external refractive index," Biophys. Chem., vol. 48, pp. 205-220, 1993.
20. E. P. Petrov, J. V. Kruchenok, and A. N. Rubinov, "Effect of the external refractive index on fluorescence kinetics of perylene in human erythrocyte ghosts," J. Fluoresc., vol. 9, pp. 111-121, 1999.
21. V. P. Bykov, "Spontaneous emission in a periodic structure," Zh. Éksp. Teor. Fiz., vol. 62, pp. 505-513, 1972, in Russian.
22. M. Born and E. Wolf, Principles of Optics. Oxford, U.K.: Pergamon, 1968.
23. H. A. Haus, Waves and Fields in Optoelectronics. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1984.
24. Y. Fink, J. N. Winn, S. Fan, C. Chen, J. Michel, J. D. Joannopoulos, E. L. Thomas, "A dielectric omnidirectional reflector," Science, vol. 282, pp. 1679-1682, 1998; D. N. Chigrin, A. V. Lavrinenko, D. A. Yarotsky, and S. V. Gaponenko, "Observation of total omnidirectional reflection from a one-dimensional dielectric lattice," Appl. Phys. A, vol. 68, pp. 25-28, 1999; P. St. J. Russell, S. Tredwell, and P. J. Roberts, "Full photonic bandgaps and spontaneous emission control in ID multilayer dielectric structures," Opt. Commun., vol. 160, pp. 66-71, 1999.
25. Y. Fink, J. N. Winn, S. Fan, C. Chen, J. Michel, J. D. Joannopoulos, E. L. Thomas, "A dielectric omnidirectional reflector," Science, vol. 282, pp. 1679-1682, 1998; D. N. Chigrin, A. V. Lavrinenko, D. A. Yarotsky, and S. V. Gaponenko, "Observation of total omnidirectional reflection from a one-dimensional dielectric lattice," Appl. Phys. A, vol. 68, pp. 25-28, 1999; P. St. J. Russell, S. Tredwell, and P. J. Roberts, "Full photonic bandgaps and spontaneous emission control in ID multilayer dielectric structures," Opt. Commun., vol. 160, pp. 66-71, 1999.
26. Y. Fink, J. N. Winn, S. Fan, C. Chen, J. Michel, J. D. Joannopoulos, E. L. Thomas, "A dielectric omnidirectional reflector," Science, vol. 282, pp. 1679-1682, 1998; D. N. Chigrin, A. V. Lavrinenko, D. A. Yarotsky, and S. V. Gaponenko, "Observation of total omnidirectional reflection from a one-dimensional dielectric lattice," Appl. Phys. A, vol. 68, pp. 25-28, 1999; P. St. J. Russell, S. Tredwell, and P. J. Roberts, "Full photonic bandgaps and spontaneous emission control in ID multilayer dielectric structures," Opt. Commun., vol. 160, pp. 66-71, 1999.
27. T. F. Krauss, R. M. De La Rue, and S. Brand, "Two-dimensional photonic-bandgap structures operating at near-infrared wavelengths." Nature, vol. 383, pp. 699-701, 1996.
28. M. C. Wanke, O. Lehmann, K. Muller, Q. Z. Wen, and M. Stuke, "Laser rapid prototyping of photonic band-gap microstructures," Science, vol. 275, pp. 1284-1286, 1997.
29. E. Yablonovitch and T. J. Gmitter, "Photonic band structure: The face-centered-cubic case," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 63, pp. 1950-1953, 1989.
30. Probably, the most advanced structure of this type has been reported by C. C. Cheng and A. Scherer, "Fabrication of photonic band-gap crystals," J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, vol. 13, pp. 2696-2700, 1995.
31. J. Martorell and N. M. Lawandy, "Observation of inhibited spontaneous emission in a periodic dielectric structure," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 65, pp. 1877-1880, 1990.
32. I. I. Tarhan, M. P. Zinkin, and G. H. Watson, "Interferometric technique for the measurement of photonic band structure in colloidal crystals," Opt. Lett., vol. 20, pp. 1571-1573, 1995.
33. V. N. Astratov, V. N. Bogomolov, A. A. Kaplyanskii, S. M. Samoilovich, and Yu. A. Vlasov, "Optical spectroscopy of opal matrices with CdS embedded in its pores: Quantum confinement and photonic band gap effects," II Nuovo Cimento, vol. 17, pp. 1349-1354, 1995.
34. V. N. Bogomolov, S. V. Gaponenko, A. M. Kapitonov, A. V. Prokofiev, A. N. Ponyavina, N. I. Silvanovich, and S. M. Samoilovich, "Photonic band gap in the visible range in a three-dimensional solid state lattice," Appl. Phys. A, vol. 63, pp. 613-616, 1996.
35. W. L. Vos, M. Megens, C. M. van Kats, and P. Boesecke, "Transmission and diffraction by photonic colloidal crystals," J. Phys. Cond. Mater, vol. 8, pp. 9503-9507, 1996.
36. V. N. Bogomolov, S. V. Gaponenko, I. N. Germanenko, A. M. Kapitonov, E. P. Petrov, N. V. Gaponenko, A. V. Prokofiev, A. N. Ponyavina, N. I. Silvanovich, and S. M. Samoilovich, "Photonic band gap phenomenon and optical properties of artificial opals," Phys. Rev. E, vol. 55, pp. 7619-7625, 1997.
37. Yu. A. Vlasov, V. N. Astratov, O. Z. Karimov, A. A. Kaplyanskii, V. N. Bogomolov, and A. V. Prokofiev, "Existence of a photonic pseudogap for visible light in synthetic opals," Phys. Rev. B, vol. 55, pp. R13357-R13360, 1997.
38. 2 spheres," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 71, pp. 1148-1150, 1997.
39. A. van Blaaderen, "Opals in new light," Science, vol. 282, pp. 887-888, 1998.
40. 2 lattice," Phys. Stat. Sol. A, vol. 165, pp. 119-124, 1998.
41. A. Zakhidov, R. H. Baughman, Z. Iqbal, C. Cui, I. Khayrullin, S. O. Dantas, J. Marti, and V. G. Ralchenko, "Carbon structures with three-dimensional periodicity at optical wavelengths," Science, vol. 282, pp. 897-901, 1998.
42. J. E. G. J. Wijnhoven and W. L. Vos, "Preparation of photonic crystals made of air spheres in titania," Science, vol. 281, pp. 802-804, 1998.
43. B. Y. Tong, P. K. John, Y. Zhu, Y. S. Liu, S. K. Wong, and W. R. Ware, "Fluorescence-lifetime measurements in monodispersed suspensions of polystyrene particles," J. Opt. Soc. Amer. B, vol. 10, pp. 356-359, 1993.
44. V. N. Bogomolov, A. V. Prokofiev, S. M. Samoilovich, E. P. Petrov, A. M. Kapitonov, and S. V. Gaponenko, "Photonic band gap effect in a solid state cluster lattice," J. Luminesc., vol. 72-74, pp. 391-392, 1997.
45. E. P. Petrov, V. N. Bogomolov, I. I. Kalosha, and S. V. Gaponenko, "Spontaneous emission of organic molecules in a photonic crystal," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 81, pp. 77-80, 1998.
46. _, "Fluorescence of dye molecules embedded in a photonic crystal," in Ultrafast Phenomena XI, T. Elsaesser, J. G. Fujimoto, D. A. Wiersma, and W. Zinth, Eds., Springer Series in Chemical Physics. Berlin, Germany: Springer, 1998, vol. 63, pp. 523-525.
47. _, "Modification of the spontaneous emission of dye molecules in photonic crystals," Acta Phys. Pol. A, vol. 94, pp. 761-771, 1998.
48. T. Yamasaki and T. Tsutsui, "Spontaneous emission from fluorescent molecules embedded in photonic crystals of polystyrene microspheres," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 72, pp. 1957-1959, 1998.
49. K. Yoshino, S. B. Lee, S. Tatsuhara, Y. Kawagishi, M. Ozaki, and A. A. Zakhidov, "Observation of inhibited spontaneous emission and stimulated emission of rhodamine 6G in polymer replica of synthetic opal," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 73, pp. 3506-3508, 1998.
50. C. López, A. Blanco, H. Mígues, and F. Meseguer, "Photonic crystals for laser action," Optic. Mater., 1999.
51. M. Megens, J. E. G. J. Wijnhoven, A. Lagendijk, and W. L. Vos, "Fluorescence lifetimes and linewidths of dye in photonic crystals," Phys. Rev. A, vol. 59, pp. 4727-4731, 1999.
52. S. V. Gaponenko, A. M. Kapitonov, V. N. Bogomolov, A. V. Prokofiev, A. Eychmuller, and A. L. Rogach, "Electrons and photons in mesoscopic structures: Quantum dots in a photonic crystal," JETP Lett., vol. 68, pp. 142-147, 1998.
53. A. Blanco, C. López, R. Mayoral, H. Mígues, F. Meseguer, A. Mifsud, and J. Herrero, "CdS photoluminescence inhibition by a photonic crystal," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 73, pp. 1781-1783, 1998.
54. S. G. Romanov, A. V. Fokin, V. I. Alperovich, N. P. Johnson, and R. M. De La Rue, "The effect of the photonic stop-band upon the photoluminescence of CdS in Opal," Phys. Stat. Sol. A, vol. 164, pp. 169-173, 1997.
55. R. C. Williams and K. Smith, "A crystallizable insect virus," Nature, vol. 45, pp. 119-121, 1957.
56. C. B. Murray, C. R. Kagan, and M. G. Bawendi, "Self-organization of CdSe nanocrystallites into three-dimensional quantum dot superlattices," Science, vol. 270, pp. 1335-1338, 1995.
57. J. V. Sanders, "Diffraction of light by opals," Acta Cryst. A, vol. 24, pp. 427-434, 1968.
58. P. Pieranski, "Colloidal crystals," Contemp. Phys., vol. 24, pp. 25-53, 1983.
59. N. D. Deniskina, D. V. Kalinin, and L. K. Kazantseva, Gem-Quality Opals, Their Synthesis and Genesis in Nature. Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1988, in Russian.
60. V. N. Bogomolov and T. M. Pavlova, "Three-dimensional cluster lattices," Semiconductors, vol. 29, pp. 428-435, 1995.
61. F. Meseguer, H. Mígues, A. Blanco, and C. López, "Photonic band gap materials based on opal like structures," J. Appl. Phys., 1999, in press.
62. W. Stoeber, A. Fink, and E. Bohn, "Controlled growth of monodisperse silica spheres in the micron size range," J. Colloid Interface Science, vol. 26, pp. 62-69, 1968.
63. O. E. Rogach, A. Kornowski, N. V. Gaponenko, A. M. Kapitonov, S. V. Gaponenko, A. L. Rogach, and A. Eychmueller, "Formation of a three-dimensional lattice of artificial opals from nanometer-sized silica globules," in Physics, Chemistry and Applications of Nanostructures, V. E. Borisenko, A. B. Filonov, S. V. Gaponenko, and V. S. Gurin, Eds. Singapore: World Scientific, 1999, pp. 111-114.
64. 2 nanospheres," Langmuir, vol. 13, pp. 6009-6011, 1997.
65. K. M. Ho, C. T. Chan, and C. M. Soukoulis, "Existence of a photonic gap in periodic dielectric structures," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 65, pp. 3152-3155, 1990.
66. E. N. Economou and M. M. Sigalas, "Classical wave propagation in periodic structures: Cermet versus network topology," Phys. Rev. B, vol. 48, pp. 13434-13438, 1993.
67. R. Biswas, M. M. Sigalas, G. Subramania, and K.-M. Ho, "Photonic band gaps in colloidal systems," Phys. Rev. B, vol. 57, pp. 3701-3705, 1998.
68. T. Suzuki and P. K. L. Yu, "Emission power of an electric dipole in the photonic band structure of the fcc lattice," J. Opt. Soc. Amer. B, vol. 12, pp. 570-581, 1995.
69. K. Busch and S. John, "Photonic band gap formation in certain self-organizing systems," Phys. Rev. E, vol. 58, pp. 3896-3908, 1998.
70. J. B. Birks, Photophysics of Aromatic Molecules. New York: Wiley, 1970.
71. Yu. T. Mazurenko, "Broadening of electronic spectra of complex molecules in a polar medium," Opt. Spektrosk., vol. 33, pp. 42-50, 1972, in Russian; M. L. Horng, J. A. Gardecki, A. Papazyan, and M. Maroncelli, "Subpicosecond measurements of polar solvation dynamics: Coumarin 153 revisited," J. Phys. Chem., vol. 99, pp. 17311-17337, 1995.
72. Yu. T. Mazurenko, "Broadening of electronic spectra of complex molecules in a polar medium," Opt. Spektrosk., vol. 33, pp. 42-50, 1972, in Russian; M. L. Horng, J. A. Gardecki, A. Papazyan, and M. Maroncelli, "Subpicosecond measurements of polar solvation dynamics: Coumarin 153 revisited," J. Phys. Chem., vol. 99, pp. 17311-17337, 1995.
73. J. N. Demas, Excited State Lifetime Measurements. New York: Academic, 1983.
74. A. Siemiarczuk, B. D. Wagner, and W. R. Ware, "Comparison of the maximum entropy and exponential series methods for the recovery of distributions of lifetimes from fluorescence decay data," J. Phys. Chem., vol. 94, pp. 1661-1666, 1990; see also, D. M. Gakamsky, A. A. Goldin, E. P. Petrov, and A. N. Rubinov, "Fluorescence decay time distribution for polar dye solutions with time-dependent fluorescent shift," Biophys. Chem., vol. 44, pp. 47-60, 1992; Erratum, Biophys. Chem., vol. 45, pp. 194-195, 1992.
75. A. Siemiarczuk, B. D. Wagner, and W. R. Ware, "Comparison of the maximum entropy and exponential series methods for the recovery of distributions of lifetimes from fluorescence decay data," J. Phys. Chem., vol. 94, pp. 1661-1666, 1990; see also, D. M. Gakamsky, A. A. Goldin, E. P. Petrov, and A. N. Rubinov, "Fluorescence decay time distribution for polar dye solutions with time-dependent fluorescent shift," Biophys. Chem., vol. 44, pp. 47-60, 1992; Erratum, Biophys. Chem., vol. 45, pp. 194-195, 1992.
76. S. M. Barnett and R. Loudon, "Sum rule for modified spontaneous emission rates," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 77, pp. 2444-2446, 1996; "Sum rule for environmentally modified spontaneous emission rates," Quantum Semiclass. Opt., vol. 10, pp. 591-599, 1998.
77. S. M. Barnett and R. Loudon, "Sum rule for modified spontaneous emission rates," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 77, pp. 2444-2446, 1996; "Sum rule for environmentally modified spontaneous emission rates," Quantum Semiclass. Opt., vol. 10, pp. 591-599, 1998.
78. D. S. Mogilevtsev and S. Ya. Kilin, "Interactions of molecules with electromagnetic field in photonic band-gap structures: Incomplete gaps and enhancement of decay," in European Quantum Electron. Conf. Tech. Dig., Hamburg, Germany, Sept. 8-13, 1996. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, 1996, paper QThN6.
79. S. V. Gaponenko, Optical Properties of Semiconductor Nanocrystals. New York: Cambridge Univ. Press. 1998.
80. U. Woggon and S. V. Gaponenko, "Excitons in quantum dots," Phys. Stat. Sol. B, vol. 189, pp. 285-348, 1995.
81. A. L. Rogach, L. Katsikas, A. Kornowski, D. Su, A. Eychmueller, and H. Weller, "Synthesis and characterization of thiol-stabilized CdTe nanocrystals," Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., vol. 100, pp. 1772-1778, 1996.
82. A. M. Kapitonov, A. P. Stupak, S. V. Gaponenko, E. P. Petrov, A. L. Rogach, and A. Eychmueller, "Luminescence properties of thiolstabilized CdTe nanocrystals," J. Phys. Chem. B, to be published.
83. U. Woggon, F. Gindele, and S. V. Gaponenko, 1998, unpublished data.
84. Y. A. Vlasov, K. Luterova, I. Pelant, B. Honerlage, and V. N. Astratov, "Optical gain of CdS quantum dots embedded in 3D photonic crystals," Thin Solid Films, vol. 318, pp. 93-95, 1998.
85. S. G. Romanov, A. V. Fokin, V. V. Tretyakov, V. Y. Butko, V. I. Alperovich, N. P. Johnson, C. M. Sotomayor Torres, "Optical properties of ordered three-dimensional arrays of structurally confined semiconductors," J. Cryst. Growth, vol. 159, pp. 857-860, 1996.
86. A. M. Dorofeev, N. V. Gaponenko, V. P. Bondarenko, E. E. Bachilo, N. M. Kazuchits, A. A. Leshok, G. N. Troyanova, N. N. Vorosov, V. E. Borisenko, H. Gnaser, W. Bock, P. Becker, and H. Oechsner, "Photoluminescence of Er-doped porous silicon," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 77, pp. 2679-2684, 1995.
87. F. Halverson, J. S. Brinen, and J. R. Leto, "Photoluminescence of lanthanide complexes - II: Enhancement by an insulating sheath," J. Chem. Phys., vol. 41, pp. 157-163, 1964.