메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 162, Issue 9, 1999, Pages 5317-5326

Thymus and autoimmunity: Production of CD25+CD4+ naturally anergic and suppressive T cells as a key function of the thymus in maintaining immunologic self-tolerance

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CD28 ANTIGEN; CD4 ANTIGEN; INTERLEUKIN 2 RECEPTOR;

EID: 0033136302     PISSN: 00221767     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (1070)

References (80)
  • 1
    • 0023663430 scopus 로고
    • T cell tolerance by clonal elimination in the thymus
    • Kappler, J. W., M. Roehm, and P. Marrack. 1987. T cell tolerance by clonal elimination in the thymus. Cell 49:273.
    • (1987) Cell , vol.49 , pp. 273
    • Kappler, J.W.1    Roehm, M.2    Marrack, P.3
  • 3
    • 0025309472 scopus 로고
    • Clonal deletion versus clonal anergy: The role of the thymus in inducing self tolerance
    • Ramsdell, F., and B. J. Fowlkes. 1990. Clonal deletion versus clonal anergy: the role of the thymus in inducing self tolerance. Science 248:1342.
    • (1990) Science , vol.248 , pp. 1342
    • Ramsdell, F.1    Fowlkes, B.J.2
  • 4
    • 0025320109 scopus 로고
    • Clonal deletion and clonal anergy in the thymus induced by cellular elements with different radiation sensitivities
    • Roberts, J. L., S. O. Sharrow, and A. Singer. 1990. Clonal deletion and clonal anergy in the thymus induced by cellular elements with different radiation sensitivities. J. Exp. Med. 171:935.
    • (1990) J. Exp. Med. , vol.171 , pp. 935
    • Roberts, J.L.1    Sharrow, S.O.2    Singer, A.3
  • 5
    • 0025923305 scopus 로고
    • Non-deletional mechanisms of peripheral and central tolerance: Studies with transgenic mice with tissue-specific expression of a foreign MHC class I antigen
    • Haemmerling, G., G. Schoenrich, F. Momburg, N. Auphan, M. Malissen, B. Malissen, A. M. Schmitt-Verhulst, and B. Arnold. 1991. Non-deletional mechanisms of peripheral and central tolerance: studies with transgenic mice with tissue-specific expression of a foreign MHC class I antigen. Immunol. Rev. 122: 47.
    • (1991) Immunol. Rev. , vol.122 , pp. 47
    • Haemmerling, G.1    Schoenrich, G.2    Momburg, F.3    Auphan, N.4    Malissen, M.5    Malissen, B.6    Schmitt-Verhulst, A.M.7    Arnold, B.8
  • 6
    • 0019287085 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of autoimmunity through experimental models of thyroiditis and allergic encephalomyelitis
    • Weigle, W. O. 1980. Analysis of autoimmunity through experimental models of thyroiditis and allergic encephalomyelitis. Adv. Immunol. 30:159.
    • (1980) Adv. Immunol. , vol.30 , pp. 159
    • Weigle, W.O.1
  • 7
    • 0029659055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The shaping of the brain-specific T lymphocyte repertoire in the thymus
    • Wekerle, H., M. Bradl, C. Linington, G. Kaab, and K. Kojima. 1996. The shaping of the brain-specific T lymphocyte repertoire in the thymus. Immunol. Rev. 149: 231.
    • (1996) Immunol. Rev. , vol.149 , pp. 231
    • Wekerle, H.1    Bradl, M.2    Linington, C.3    Kaab, G.4    Kojima, K.5
  • 8
    • 0021997185 scopus 로고
    • Organ-specific autoimmune diseases induced in mice by elimination of T-cell subset. I. Evidence for the active participation of T cells in natural self-tolerance: Deficit of a T-cell subset as a possible cause of autoimmune disease
    • Sakaguchi, S., K. Fukuma, K. Kuribayashi, and T. Masuda. 1985. Organ-specific autoimmune diseases induced in mice by elimination of T-cell subset. I. Evidence for the active participation of T cells in natural self-tolerance: deficit of a T-cell subset as a possible cause of autoimmune disease. J. Exp. Med. 161:72.
    • (1985) J. Exp. Med. , vol.161 , pp. 72
    • Sakaguchi, S.1    Fukuma, K.2    Kuribayashi, K.3    Masuda, T.4
  • 10
    • 0026761052 scopus 로고
    • Tolerance mechanism in experimental ovarian and gastric autoimmune disease
    • Smith, H., Y.-H. Lou, P. Lacy, and K. S. K. Tung. 1992. Tolerance mechanism in experimental ovarian and gastric autoimmune disease. J. Immunol. 149:2212.
    • (1992) J. Immunol. , vol.149 , pp. 2212
    • Smith, H.1    Lou, Y.-H.2    Lacy, P.3    Tung, K.S.K.4
  • 13
    • 0029150110 scopus 로고
    • Immunologic tolerance maintained by activated T cells expressing IL-2 receptor α-chains (CD25): Breakdown of a single mechanism of self-tolerance causes various autoimmune diseases
    • Sakaguchi, S., N. Sakaguchi, M. Asano, M. Itoh, and M. Toda. 1995. Immunologic tolerance maintained by activated T cells expressing IL-2 receptor α-chains (CD25): breakdown of a single mechanism of self-tolerance causes various autoimmune diseases. J. Immunol. 155:1151.
    • (1995) J. Immunol. , vol.155 , pp. 1151
    • Sakaguchi, S.1    Sakaguchi, N.2    Asano, M.3    Itoh, M.4    Toda, M.5
  • 14
    • 0029788211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autoimmune disease as a consequence of developmental abnormality of a T cell subpopulation
    • Asano, M., M. Toda, N. Sakaguchi, and S. Sakaguchi. 1996. Autoimmune disease as a consequence of developmental abnormality of a T cell subpopulation. J. Exp. Med. 184:387.
    • (1996) J. Exp. Med. , vol.184 , pp. 387
    • Asano, M.1    Toda, M.2    Sakaguchi, N.3    Sakaguchi, S.4
  • 15
    • 0031939403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • + T cells inhibit both the induction and effector function of autoreactive T cells and represent a unique lineage of immunoregulatory cells
    • + T cells inhibit both the induction and effector function of autoreactive T cells and represent a unique lineage of immunoregulatory cells. J. Immunol. 160:1212.
    • (1998) J. Immunol. , vol.160 , pp. 1212
    • Suri-Payer, E.1    Amar, A.Z.2    Thornton, A.M.3    Shevach, E.M.4
  • 16
    • 0020451946 scopus 로고
    • Study on cellular events in postthymectomy autoimmune oophoritis in mice. II. Requirement of Lyt-1 cells in normal female mice for the prevention of oophoritis
    • Sakaguchi, S., T. Takahashi, and Y. Nishizuka. 1982. Study on cellular events in postthymectomy autoimmune oophoritis in mice. II. Requirement of Lyt-1 cells in normal female mice for the prevention of oophoritis. J. Exp. Med. 156:1577.
    • (1982) J. Exp. Med. , vol.156 , pp. 1577
    • Sakaguchi, S.1    Takahashi, T.2    Nishizuka, Y.3
  • 18
    • 0024500755 scopus 로고
    • T cell-mediated inhibition of the transfer of autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice
    • Boitard, C., R. Yasunami, M. Dardenne, and J. F. Bach. 1989. T cell-mediated inhibition of the transfer of autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice. J. Exp. Med. 169:1669.
    • (1989) J. Exp. Med. , vol.169 , pp. 1669
    • Boitard, C.1    Yasunami, R.2    Dardenne, M.3    Bach, J.F.4
  • 19
    • 0028348192 scopus 로고
    • Ionizing radiation and autoimmunity: Induction of autoimmune disease in mice by high dose fractionated total lymphoid irradiation and its prevention by inoculating normal T cells
    • Sakaguchi, N., K. Miyai, and S. Sakaguchi. 1994. Ionizing radiation and autoimmunity: induction of autoimmune disease in mice by high dose fractionated total lymphoid irradiation and its prevention by inoculating normal T cells. J. Immunol. 152:2586.
    • (1994) J. Immunol. , vol.152 , pp. 2586
    • Sakaguchi, N.1    Miyai, K.2    Sakaguchi, S.3
  • 20
    • 0027509812 scopus 로고
    • + T cell subset that inhibits this autoimmune potential
    • + T cell subset that inhibits this autoimmune potential. J. Exp. Med. 177:627.
    • (1993) J. Exp. Med. , vol.177 , pp. 627
    • Fowell, D.1    Mason, D.2
  • 21
    • 0030442723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The thymus contains a high frequency of cells that prevent autoimmune diabetes on transfer into prediabetic recipients
    • Saoudi, A., B. Seddon, D. Fowell, and D. Mason. 1996. The thymus contains a high frequency of cells that prevent autoimmune diabetes on transfer into prediabetic recipients. J. Exp. Med. 184:2393.
    • (1996) J. Exp. Med. , vol.184 , pp. 2393
    • Saoudi, A.1    Seddon, B.2    Fowell, D.3    Mason, D.4
  • 22
    • 0025062226 scopus 로고
    • Thymus and autoimmunity: Capacity of the normal thymus to produce pathogenic self-reactive T cells and conditions required for their induction of autoimmune disease
    • Sakaguchi, S., and N. Sakaguchi. 1990. Thymus and autoimmunity: capacity of the normal thymus to produce pathogenic self-reactive T cells and conditions required for their induction of autoimmune disease. J. Exp. Med. 172:537.
    • (1990) J. Exp. Med. , vol.172 , pp. 537
    • Sakaguchi, S.1    Sakaguchi, N.2
  • 25
    • 0002783007 scopus 로고
    • Immunological tolerance
    • W. E. Paul, ed. Raven Press, New York
    • Schwartz, R. H. 1993. Immunological tolerance. In Fundamental Immunology, 3rd Ed. W. E. Paul, ed. Raven Press, New York, p. 696.
    • (1993) Fundamental Immunology, 3rd Ed. , pp. 696
    • Schwartz, R.H.1
  • 26
    • 0028037782 scopus 로고
    • Regulatory T cell clones induced by oral tolerance: Suppression of autoimmune encephalitis
    • Chen, Y., V. K. Kuchroo, J. Inobe, D. A. Hafler, and H. L. Weiner. 1994. Regulatory T cell clones induced by oral tolerance: suppression of autoimmune encephalitis. Science 265:1237.
    • (1994) Science , vol.265 , pp. 1237
    • Chen, Y.1    Kuchroo, V.K.2    Inobe, J.3    Hafler, D.A.4    Weiner, H.L.5
  • 31
    • 0031821875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • + immunoregulatory T cells suppress polyclonal T cell activation in vitro by inhibiting interleukin 2 production
    • + immunoregulatory T cells suppress polyclonal T cell activation in vitro by inhibiting interleukin 2 production. J. Exp. Med. 188:287.
    • (1998) J. Exp. Med. , vol.188 , pp. 287
    • Thornton, A.1    Shevach, E.M.2
  • 34
    • 0021149474 scopus 로고
    • The murine IL-2 receptor. I. Monoclonal antibodies that define distinct functional epitopes on activated T cells and react with activated B cells
    • Ortega, R. G., R. J. Robb, E. M. Shevach, and T. R. Malek. 1984. The murine IL-2 receptor. I. Monoclonal antibodies that define distinct functional epitopes on activated T cells and react with activated B cells. J. Immunol 133:1970.
    • (1984) J. Immunol , vol.133 , pp. 1970
    • Ortega, R.G.1    Robb, R.J.2    Shevach, E.M.3    Malek, T.R.4
  • 35
    • 0019190709 scopus 로고
    • Alloantigen-induced T-cell proliferation: Lyt phenotype of responding cells and blocking of proliferation by Lyt antisera
    • Nakayama, E., W. Dippold, H. Shiku, H. F. Oettgen, and L. J. Old. 1980. Alloantigen-induced T-cell proliferation: Lyt phenotype of responding cells and blocking of proliferation by Lyt antisera. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77:2890.
    • (1980) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.77 , pp. 2890
    • Nakayama, E.1    Dippold, W.2    Shiku, H.3    Oettgen, H.F.4    Old, L.J.5
  • 37
    • 0018652555 scopus 로고
    • Xenogenic monoclonal antibodies to mouse lymphoid differentiation antigens
    • Ledbetter, J. A., and L. A. Herzenberg. 1979. Xenogenic monoclonal antibodies to mouse lymphoid differentiation antigens. Immunol. Rev. 47:63.
    • (1979) Immunol. Rev. , vol.47 , pp. 63
    • Ledbetter, J.A.1    Herzenberg, L.A.2
  • 38
    • 0020333042 scopus 로고
    • Cloned T lymphocytes and monoclonal antibodies as probes for cell surface molecules active in T cell-mediated cytolysis
    • Sarmiento, M., D. P. Dialynas, D. W. Lancki, K. A. Wall, M. I. Lorber, M. R. Loken, and F. W. Fitch. 1982. Cloned T lymphocytes and monoclonal antibodies as probes for cell surface molecules active in T cell-mediated cytolysis. Immunol. Rev. 68:135.
    • (1982) Immunol. Rev. , vol.68 , pp. 135
    • Sarmiento, M.1    Dialynas, D.P.2    Lancki, D.W.3    Wall, K.A.4    Lorber, M.I.5    Loken, M.R.6    Fitch, F.W.7
  • 39
    • 0023161452 scopus 로고
    • Distinction of virgin and memory T lymphocytes: Stable acquisition of the Pgp-1 glycoprotein concomitant with antigenic stimulation
    • Budd, R. C., J. C. Cerottini, C. Horvath, C. Bron, T. Pedrazzini, R. C. Howe, and H. R. MacDonald. 1987. Distinction of virgin and memory T lymphocytes: stable acquisition of the Pgp-1 glycoprotein concomitant with antigenic stimulation. J. Immunol. 13:3120.
    • (1987) J. Immunol. , vol.13 , pp. 3120
    • Budd, R.C.1    Cerottini, J.C.2    Horvath, C.3    Bron, C.4    Pedrazzini, T.5    Howe, R.C.6    MacDonald, H.R.7
  • 40
  • 41
    • 0021717848 scopus 로고
    • A homing receptor-bearing cortical thymocyte subset: Implication for thymus cell migration and the nature of cortisone-resistant thymocytes
    • Reichert, R., M. Gallatin, E. Butcher, and I. Weissman. 1984. A homing receptor-bearing cortical thymocyte subset: implication for thymus cell migration and the nature of cortisone-resistant thymocytes. Cell 38:89.
    • (1984) Cell , vol.38 , pp. 89
    • Reichert, R.1    Gallatin, M.2    Butcher, E.3    Weissman, I.4
  • 42
  • 43
    • 0021814334 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of murine monoclonal antibody specific for an allotypic determinant on T cell antigen receptor
    • Staerz, U. D., H. G. Rammensee, J. D. Benedetto, and M. J. Bevan. 1985. Characterization of murine monoclonal antibody specific for an allotypic determinant on T cell antigen receptor. J. Immunol. 134:3994.
    • (1985) J. Immunol. , vol.134 , pp. 3994
    • Staerz, U.D.1    Rammensee, H.G.2    Benedetto, J.D.3    Bevan, M.J.4
  • 44
    • 0026048130 scopus 로고
    • A novel monoclonal antibody against IL-2 receptor β-chain: Characterization of receptor expression in normal lymphoid cells and EL-4 cells
    • Tanaka, T., M. Tsudo, H. Karasuyama, F. Kitamura, T. Kono, M. Hatakeyama, T. Taniguchi, and M. Miyasaka. 1991. A novel monoclonal antibody against IL-2 receptor β-chain: characterization of receptor expression in normal lymphoid cells and EL-4 cells. J. Immunol. 147:2222.
    • (1991) J. Immunol. , vol.147 , pp. 2222
    • Tanaka, T.1    Tsudo, M.2    Karasuyama, H.3    Kitamura, F.4    Kono, T.5    Hatakeyama, M.6    Taniguchi, T.7    Miyasaka, M.8
  • 45
    • 0020623652 scopus 로고
    • The major histocompatibility complex-restricted antigen receptor on T cells. I. Isolation with a monoclonal antibody
    • Haskins, K., R. Kubo, J. White, M. Pigeon, J. Kappler, and P. Marrack. 1983. The major histocompatibility complex-restricted antigen receptor on T cells. I. Isolation with a monoclonal antibody. J. Exp. Med. 157:1149.
    • (1983) J. Exp. Med. , vol.157 , pp. 1149
    • Haskins, K.1    Kubo, R.2    White, J.3    Pigeon, M.4    Kappler, J.5    Marrack, P.6
  • 47
    • 0026537347 scopus 로고
    • CD28-mediated signalling co-stimulates murine T cells and prevents induction of anergy in T-cell clones
    • Harding, F. A., J. G. McArthur, J. A. Gross, D. H. Raulet, and J. P. Allison. 1992. CD28-mediated signalling co-stimulates murine T cells and prevents induction of anergy in T-cell clones. Nature 356:607.
    • (1992) Nature , vol.356 , pp. 607
    • Harding, F.A.1    McArthur, J.G.2    Gross, J.A.3    Raulet, D.H.4    Allison, J.P.5
  • 48
    • 0024589097 scopus 로고
    • Organ-specific autoimmune diseases induced in mice by elimination of T-cell subset. V. Neonatal administration of cyclosporin A causes autoimmune disease
    • Sakaguchi, S., and N. Sakaguchi. 1989. Organ-specific autoimmune diseases induced in mice by elimination of T-cell subset. V. Neonatal administration of cyclosporin A causes autoimmune disease. J. Immunol. 142:471.
    • (1989) J. Immunol. , vol.142 , pp. 471
    • Sakaguchi, S.1    Sakaguchi, N.2
  • 50
    • 0021984173 scopus 로고
    • Expression of interleukin-2 receptors as a differentiation marker on intrathymic stem cells
    • Ceredig, R., J. W. Lowenthal, M. Nabholz, and R. H. MacDonald. 1985. Expression of interleukin-2 receptors as a differentiation marker on intrathymic stem cells. Nature 314:98.
    • (1985) Nature , vol.314 , pp. 98
    • Ceredig, R.1    Lowenthal, J.W.2    Nabholz, M.3    MacDonald, R.H.4
  • 51
    • 0022001178 scopus 로고
    • Expression and function of interleukin-2 receptors on immature thymocytes
    • Raulet, D. H. 1985. Expression and function of interleukin-2 receptors on immature thymocytes. Nature 314:101.
    • (1985) Nature , vol.314 , pp. 101
    • Raulet, D.H.1
  • 52
    • 2642624436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • - thymocytes that express L-selectin protect rats from diabetes upon adoptive transfer
    • - thymocytes that express L-selectin protect rats from diabetes upon adoptive transfer. Eur. J. Immunol. 26:2702.
    • (1996) Eur. J. Immunol. , vol.26 , pp. 2702
    • Seddon, B.1    Saoudi, A.2    Nicholson, M.3    Mason, D.4
  • 55
    • 0028085152 scopus 로고
    • T and B memory cells
    • Sprent, J. 1994. T and B memory cells. Cell 76:315.
    • (1994) Cell , vol.76 , pp. 315
    • Sprent, J.1
  • 57
    • 0028872616 scopus 로고
    • Development and selection of T cells: Facts and puzzles
    • Kisielow, P., and H. von Boehmer. 1995. Development and selection of T cells: facts and puzzles. Adv. Immunol. 58:87.
    • (1995) Adv. Immunol. , vol.58 , pp. 87
    • Kisielow, P.1    Von Boehmer, H.2
  • 59
    • 0027427713 scopus 로고
    • CD69 cell surface expression identifies developing thymocytes which audition for T cell antigen receptor-mediated positive selection
    • Yamashita, I., T. Nagata, T. Tada, and T. Nakayama. 1993. CD69 cell surface expression identifies developing thymocytes which audition for T cell antigen receptor-mediated positive selection. Int. Immunol. 5:1139.
    • (1993) Int. Immunol. , vol.5 , pp. 1139
    • Yamashita, I.1    Nagata, T.2    Tada, T.3    Nakayama, T.4
  • 60
    • 0030844377 scopus 로고
    • Recent thymic emigrants are distinct from most medullary thymocytes
    • Gabor, M. J., D. I. Godfrey, and R. Scollay. 1994. Recent thymic emigrants are distinct from most medullary thymocytes. Eur. J. Immunol. 27:2010.
    • (1994) Eur. J. Immunol. , vol.27 , pp. 2010
    • Gabor, M.J.1    Godfrey, D.I.2    Scollay, R.3
  • 61
    • 0029122495 scopus 로고
    • + T cell receptor α/β cells: New clues to their origin, specificity, and function
    • + T cell receptor α/β cells: new clues to their origin, specificity, and function. J. Exp. Med. 182:638.
    • (1995) J. Exp. Med. , vol.182 , pp. 638
    • MacDonald, H.R.1
  • 63
    • 0028784289 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin 2 receptor α-chain regulates the size and content of the peripheral lymphoid compartment
    • Willerford, D. M., J. Chen, J. A. Ferry, L. Davidson, A. Ma, and F. W. Alt. 1995. Interleukin 2 receptor α-chain regulates the size and content of the peripheral lymphoid compartment. Immunity 3:521.
    • (1995) Immunity , vol.3 , pp. 521
    • Willerford, D.M.1    Chen, J.2    Ferry, J.A.3    Davidson, L.4    Ma, A.5    Alt, F.W.6
  • 64
    • 0025878150 scopus 로고
    • Reentry of T cells to the adult thymus is restricted to activated T cells
    • Agus, D. B., C. D. Surh, and J. Sprent. 1991. Reentry of T cells to the adult thymus is restricted to activated T cells. J. Exp. Med. 173:1039.
    • (1991) J. Exp. Med. , vol.173 , pp. 1039
    • Agus, D.B.1    Surh, C.D.2    Sprent, J.3
  • 66
    • 0023914792 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-2 can prevent and reverse antigen-induced unresponsiveness in cloned human T lymphocytes
    • Essery, G., M. Feldmann, and J. R. Lamb. 1988. Interleukin-2 can prevent and reverse antigen-induced unresponsiveness in cloned human T lymphocytes. Immunology 64:413.
    • (1988) Immunology , vol.64 , pp. 413
    • Essery, G.1    Feldmann, M.2    Lamb, J.R.3
  • 68
    • 0025805306 scopus 로고
    • Molecular targets in pernicious anemia
    • Gleeson, P. A., and B. H. Toh. 1991. Molecular targets in pernicious anemia. Immunol. Today 12:233.
    • (1991) Immunol. Today , vol.12 , pp. 233
    • Gleeson, P.A.1    Toh, B.H.2
  • 69
    • 0027451442 scopus 로고
    • Expression of two α chains on the surface of T cells in T cell receptor transgenic mice
    • Heath, W. R., and J. F. A. P. Miller. 1993. Expression of two α chains on the surface of T cells in T cell receptor transgenic mice. J. Exp. Med. 178:1807.
    • (1993) J. Exp. Med. , vol.178 , pp. 1807
    • Heath, W.R.1    Miller, J.F.A.P.2
  • 70
    • 0030589298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Memory T cell development in the absence of specific antigen priming
    • Lee, W. T., J. Cole-Calkins, and N. E. Street. 1996. Memory T cell development in the absence of specific antigen priming. J. Immunol. 157:5300.
    • (1996) J. Immunol. , vol.157 , pp. 5300
    • Lee, W.T.1    Cole-Calkins, J.2    Street, N.E.3
  • 71
    • 0028102655 scopus 로고
    • High incidence of spontaneous autoimmune encephalomyelitis in immunodeficient anti-myelin basic protein T cell receptor transgenic mice
    • Lafaille, J. J., K. Nagashima, M. Katsuki, and S. Tonegawa. 1994. High incidence of spontaneous autoimmune encephalomyelitis in immunodeficient anti-myelin basic protein T cell receptor transgenic mice. Cell 78:399.
    • (1994) Cell , vol.78 , pp. 399
    • Lafaille, J.J.1    Nagashima, K.2    Katsuki, M.3    Tonegawa, S.4
  • 72
    • 2642654250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Major histocompatibility complex class II molecules can protect from diabetes by positively selecting T cells with additional specificities
    • Luhder, F., J. Katr, C. Benoist, and D. Mathis. 1998. Major histocompatibility complex class II molecules can protect from diabetes by positively selecting T cells with additional specificities. J. Exp. Med. 187:379.
    • (1998) J. Exp. Med. , vol.187 , pp. 379
    • Luhder, F.1    Katr, J.2    Benoist, C.3    Mathis, D.4
  • 73
    • 0032401760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peripheral antigen-expressing cells in thymic medulla: Factors in self-tolerance and autoimmunity
    • Hanahan, D. 1998. Peripheral antigen-expressing cells in thymic medulla: factors in self-tolerance and autoimmunity. Curr. Opin. Immunol. 10:656.
    • (1998) Curr. Opin. Immunol. , vol.10 , pp. 656
    • Hanahan, D.1
  • 74
    • 0030058657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The repertoire of T cells shaped by a single MHC/peptide ligand
    • Ignatowicz, L., J. Kappler, and P. Marrack. 1996. The repertoire of T cells shaped by a single MHC/peptide ligand. Cell 84:521.
    • (1996) Cell , vol.84 , pp. 521
    • Ignatowicz, L.1    Kappler, J.2    Marrack, P.3
  • 75
    • 0019421207 scopus 로고
    • A monoclonal antibody (anti-Tac) reactive with activated and functionally mature human T cells. I. Production of anti-Tac monoclonal antibody and distribution of Tac(+) cells
    • Uchiyama, T., S. Broder, and T. A. Waldmann. 1981. A monoclonal antibody (anti-Tac) reactive with activated and functionally mature human T cells. I. Production of anti-Tac monoclonal antibody and distribution of Tac(+) cells. J. Immunol. 126:1393.
    • (1981) J. Immunol. , vol.126 , pp. 1393
    • Uchiyama, T.1    Broder, S.2    Waldmann, T.A.3
  • 76
    • 0031570008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • T cell deletion induced by chronic infection with mouse mammary tumor virus spares a CD25-positive, IL-10-producing T cell population with infectious capacity
    • Papiernik, M., M. C. Leite-de-Moraes, C. Pontoux, A.-M. Joret, B. Rocha, C. Penit, and M. Dy. 1997. T cell deletion induced by chronic infection with mouse mammary tumor virus spares a CD25-positive, IL-10-producing T cell population with infectious capacity. J. Immunol. 158:4642.
    • (1997) J. Immunol. , vol.158 , pp. 4642
    • Papiernik, M.1    Leite-de-Moraes, M.C.2    Pontoux, C.3    Joret, A.-M.4    Rocha, B.5    Penit, C.6    Dy, M.7
  • 77
    • 7144259082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulatory CD4 T cells: Expression of IL-2Rα chain, resistance to clonal deletion and IL-2 dependency
    • Papiernik, M., M. Leite-de-Moraes, C. Pontoux, F. Vasseur, and C. Penit. 1998. Regulatory CD4 T cells: expression of IL-2Rα chain, resistance to clonal deletion and IL-2 dependency. Int. Immunol. 10:371.
    • (1998) Int. Immunol. , vol.10 , pp. 371
    • Papiernik, M.1    Leite-de-Moraes, M.2    Pontoux, C.3    Vasseur, F.4    Penit, C.5
  • 79
    • 0028428910 scopus 로고
    • The role of costimulatory B7-1 in autoimmunity and the induction and maintenance of tolerance of peripheral antigen
    • Guerder, S., J. Meyerhoff, and R. Flavell. 1994. The role of costimulatory B7-1 in autoimmunity and the induction and maintenance of tolerance of peripheral antigen. Immunity 1:155.
    • (1994) Immunity , vol.1 , pp. 155
    • Guerder, S.1    Meyerhoff, J.2    Flavell, R.3
  • 80
    • 0029955719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • T cell-mediated maintenance of natural self-tolerance: Its breakdown as a possible cause of various autoimmune diseases
    • Sakaguchi, S., M. Toda, M. Asano, M. Itoh, S. S. Morse, and N. Sakaguchi. 1996. T cell-mediated maintenance of natural self-tolerance: its breakdown as a possible cause of various autoimmune diseases. J. Autoimmun. 9:211.
    • (1996) J. Autoimmun. , vol.9 , pp. 211
    • Sakaguchi, S.1    Toda, M.2    Asano, M.3    Itoh, M.4    Morse, S.S.5    Sakaguchi, N.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.