메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 77, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 282-293

Molecular pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia: Factors and signaling pathways regulating cell growth and survival

Author keywords

Apoptosis; Cell growth; Chronic lymphocytic leukemia; Review; Signaling

Indexed keywords

CYCLINE; PROTEIN BCL 2; PROTEIN P53;

EID: 0033011755     PISSN: 09462716     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s001090050351     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (78)

References (155)
  • 1
    • 0024593088 scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factor induces proliferation of neoplastic B cells from chronic lymphocytic leukemia
    • Digel W, Stefanic M, Schoniger W et al (1989) Tumor necrosis factor induces proliferation of neoplastic B cells from chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 73:1242-1246
    • (1989) Blood , vol.73 , pp. 1242-1246
    • Digel, W.1    Stefanic, M.2    Schoniger, W.3
  • 2
    • 0023937119 scopus 로고
    • Tumour necrosis factor as an autocrine tumour growth factor for chronic B-cell malignancies
    • Cordingley FT, Bianchi A, Hoffbrand AV et al (1988) Tumour necrosis factor as an autocrine tumour growth factor for chronic B-cell malignancies. Lancet 1:969-971
    • (1988) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 969-971
    • Cordingley, F.T.1    Bianchi, A.2    Hoffbrand, A.V.3
  • 3
    • 0027738824 scopus 로고
    • Cytokines and intracellular signals involved in the regulation of B-CLL proliferation
    • van Kooten C, Rensink I, Aarden L et al (1993) Cytokines and intracellular signals involved in the regulation of B-CLL proliferation. Leuk Lymphoma 12:27-33
    • (1993) Leuk Lymphoma , vol.12 , pp. 27-33
    • Van Kooten, C.1    Rensink, I.2    Aarden, L.3
  • 4
    • 0027422116 scopus 로고
    • Higher proliferative response in B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) as compared to B-monoclonal lymphocytosis of undetermined significance (B-MLUS) after stimulation with Staphylococcus aureus and anti-CD40 monoclonal antibodies
    • Garcia CA, Rosen A, Aguilar Santelises M et al (1993) Higher proliferative response in B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) as compared to B-monoclonal lymphocytosis of undetermined significance (B-MLUS) after stimulation with Staphylococcus aureus and anti-CD40 monoclonal antibodies. Leuk Res 17:933-939
    • (1993) Leuk Res , vol.17 , pp. 933-939
    • Garcia, C.A.1    Rosen, A.2    Aguilar Santelises, M.3
  • 5
    • 0027499535 scopus 로고
    • Activated T cells induce expression of B7/BB1 on normal or leukemic B cells through a CD40-dependent signal
    • Ranheim EA, Kipps TJ (1993) Activated T cells induce expression of B7/BB1 on normal or leukemic B cells through a CD40-dependent signal. J Exp Med 177:925-935
    • (1993) J Exp Med , vol.177 , pp. 925-935
    • Ranheim, E.A.1    Kipps, T.J.2
  • 6
    • 0027092054 scopus 로고
    • Responsiveness of chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells activated via surface Igs or CD40 to B-cell tropic factors
    • Fluckiger AC, Rossi JF, Bussel A et al (1992) Responsiveness of chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells activated via surface Igs or CD40 to B-cell tropic factors. Blood 80:3173-3181
    • (1992) Blood , vol.80 , pp. 3173-3181
    • Fluckiger, A.C.1    Rossi, J.F.2    Bussel, A.3
  • 7
    • 0027479365 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-2 enhances the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in activated B-type chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) cells
    • Larsson LG, Carlsson M, Schena M et al (1993) Interleukin-2 enhances the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in activated B-type chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) cells. Leukemia 7:226-234
    • (1993) Leukemia , vol.7 , pp. 226-234
    • Larsson, L.G.1    Carlsson, M.2    Schena, M.3
  • 8
    • 0027440245 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin 10 (IL-10) upregulates functional high affinity IL-2 receptors on normal and leukemic B lymphocytes
    • Fluckiger AC, Garrone P, Durand I et al (1993) Interleukin 10 (IL-10) upregulates functional high affinity IL-2 receptors on normal and leukemic B lymphocytes. J Exp Med 178:1473-1481
    • (1993) J Exp Med , vol.178 , pp. 1473-1481
    • Fluckiger, A.C.1    Garrone, P.2    Durand, I.3
  • 9
    • 0025784365 scopus 로고
    • Human interleukin-7 induces proliferation of neoplastic cells from chronic lymphocytic leukemia and acute leukemias
    • Digel W, Schmid M, Heil G et al (1991) Human interleukin-7 induces proliferation of neoplastic cells from chronic lymphocytic leukemia and acute leukemias. Blood 78:753-759
    • (1991) Blood , vol.78 , pp. 753-759
    • Digel, W.1    Schmid, M.2    Heil, G.3
  • 10
    • 0030840268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-15: A novel cytokine with regulatory properties on normal and neoplastic B lymphocytes
    • Trentin L, Zambello R, Facco M et al (1997) Interleukin-15: a novel cytokine with regulatory properties on normal and neoplastic B lymphocytes. Leuk Lymphoma 27:35-42
    • (1997) Leuk Lymphoma , vol.27 , pp. 35-42
    • Trentin, L.1    Zambello, R.2    Facco, M.3
  • 11
    • 0030986972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells are resistant to the apoptotic effects of transforming growth factor-beta
    • Douglas RS, Capocasale RJ, Lamb RJ et al (1997) Chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells are resistant to the apoptotic effects of transforming growth factor-beta. Blood 89:941-947
    • (1997) Blood , vol.89 , pp. 941-947
    • Douglas, R.S.1    Capocasale, R.J.2    Lamb, R.J.3
  • 12
    • 0031033449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protection from apoptotic cell death by interleukin-4 is increased in previously treated chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients
    • Frankfurt OS, Byrnes JJ, Villa L (1997) Protection from apoptotic cell death by interleukin-4 is increased in previously treated chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients. Leuk Res 21:9-16
    • (1997) Leuk Res , vol.21 , pp. 9-16
    • Frankfurt, O.S.1    Byrnes, J.J.2    Villa, L.3
  • 13
    • 0025837444 scopus 로고
    • Antiproliferative effect of interleukin-4 in B chronic lymphocytic leukemia
    • Luo HY, Rubio M, Biron G et al (1991) Antiproliferative effect of interleukin-4 in B chronic lymphocytic leukemia. J Immunother Emphasis Tumor Immunol 10:418-425
    • (1991) J Immunother Emphasis Tumor Immunol , vol.10 , pp. 418-425
    • Luo, H.Y.1    Rubio, M.2    Biron, G.3
  • 14
    • 0029937459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-6 inhibits apoptosis and tumour necrosis factor induced proliferation of B-chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
    • Reittie JE, Yong KL, Panayiotidis P et al (1996) Interleukin-6 inhibits apoptosis and tumour necrosis factor induced proliferation of B-chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Leuk Lymphoma 22:83-90
    • (1996) Leuk Lymphoma , vol.22 , pp. 83-90
    • Reittie, J.E.1    Yong, K.L.2    Panayiotidis, P.3
  • 15
    • 0027102335 scopus 로고
    • On the role of endogenously produced TNF-alpha and IL-6 as regulators of growth and differentiation of B-type chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells in vitro
    • Nilsson K, Larsson LG, Soderberg O et al (1992) On the role of endogenously produced TNF-alpha and IL-6 as regulators of growth and differentiation of B-type chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells in vitro. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 182:271-277
    • (1992) Curr Top Microbiol Immunol , vol.182 , pp. 271-277
    • Nilsson, K.1    Larsson, L.G.2    Soderberg, O.3
  • 16
    • 0029930173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-8 induces the accumulation of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells by prolonging survival in an autocrine fashion
    • Francia di Celle P, Mariani S, Riera L et al (1996) Interleukin-8 induces the accumulation of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells by prolonging survival in an autocrine fashion. Blood 87:4382-4389
    • (1996) Blood , vol.87 , pp. 4382-4389
    • Francia Di Celle, P.1    Mariani, S.2    Riera, L.3
  • 17
    • 0027955125 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin 10 induces apoptotic cell death of B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells
    • Fluckiger AC, Durand I, Banchereau J (1994) Interleukin 10 induces apoptotic cell death of B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. J Exp Med 179:91-99
    • (1994) J Exp Med , vol.179 , pp. 91-99
    • Fluckiger, A.C.1    Durand, I.2    Banchereau, J.3
  • 18
    • 0029069423 scopus 로고
    • The role of IL-10 in human B cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation
    • Itoh K, Hirohata S (1995) The role of IL-10 in human B cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation. J Immunol 154: 4341-4350
    • (1995) J Immunol , vol.154 , pp. 4341-4350
    • Itoh, K.1    Hirohata, S.2
  • 19
    • 0030916742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of interleukin-10 receptor expression on B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells
    • Jurlander J, Lai CF, Tan J et al (1997) Characterization of interleukin-10 receptor expression on B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Blood 89:4146-4152
    • (1997) Blood , vol.89 , pp. 4146-4152
    • Jurlander, J.1    Lai, C.F.2    Tan, J.3
  • 20
    • 13344282080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-13 inhibits interleukin-2-induced proliferation and protects chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells from in vitro apoptosis
    • Chaouchi N, Wallon C, Goujard C et al (1996) Interleukin-13 inhibits interleukin-2-induced proliferation and protects chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells from in vitro apoptosis. Blood 87:1022-1029
    • (1996) Blood , vol.87 , pp. 1022-1029
    • Chaouchi, N.1    Wallon, C.2    Goujard, C.3
  • 21
    • 0027455756 scopus 로고
    • Interferon gamma inhibits apoptotic cell death in B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia
    • Buschle M, Campana D, Carding SR et al (1993) Interferon gamma inhibits apoptotic cell death in B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. J Exp Med 177:213-218
    • (1993) J Exp Med , vol.177 , pp. 213-218
    • Buschle, M.1    Campana, D.2    Carding, S.R.3
  • 22
    • 0030020056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevated intracellular level of basic fibroblast growth factor correlates with stage of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and is associated with resistance to fludarabine
    • Menzel T, Rahman Z, Calleja E et al (1996) Elevated intracellular level of basic fibroblast growth factor correlates with stage of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and is associated with resistance to fludarabine. Blood 87:1056-1063
    • (1996) Blood , vol.87 , pp. 1056-1063
    • Menzel, T.1    Rahman, Z.2    Calleja, E.3
  • 23
    • 0030893716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CD6 ligation modulates the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and protects chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells from apoptosis induced by anti-IgM
    • Osorio LM, De Santiago A, Aguilar-Santelises M et al (1997) CD6 ligation modulates the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and protects chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells from apoptosis induced by anti-IgM. Blood 89:2833-2841
    • (1997) Blood , vol.89 , pp. 2833-2841
    • Osorio, L.M.1    De Santiago, A.2    Aguilar-Santelises, M.3
  • 24
    • 0027936671 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-5 (IL-5) increases spontaneous apoptosis of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells in vitro independently of bcl-2 expression and is inhibited by IL-4
    • Mainou Fowler T, Craig VA, Copplestone JA et al (1994) Interleukin-5 (IL-5) increases spontaneous apoptosis of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells in vitro independently of bcl-2 expression and is inhibited by IL-4. Blood 84:2297-2304
    • (1994) Blood , vol.84 , pp. 2297-2304
    • Mainou Fowler, T.1    Craig, V.A.2    Copplestone, J.A.3
  • 25
    • 0028912155 scopus 로고
    • Functional consequences of APO-1/Fas (CD95) antigen expression by normal and neoplastic hematopoietic cells
    • Robertson MJ, Manley TJ, Pichert G et al (1995) Functional consequences of APO-1/Fas (CD95) antigen expression by normal and neoplastic hematopoietic cells. Leuk Lymphoma 17:51-61
    • (1995) Leuk Lymphoma , vol.17 , pp. 51-61
    • Robertson, M.J.1    Manley, T.J.2    Pichert, G.3
  • 26
    • 0024210051 scopus 로고
    • Randomized clinical trial with alpha 2b-interferon in 26 stage A untreated B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients
    • Boussiotis VA, Pangalis GA (1988) Randomized clinical trial with alpha 2b-interferon in 26 stage A untreated B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients. Nouv Rev Fr Hematol 30:471-473
    • (1988) Nouv Rev Fr Hematol , vol.30 , pp. 471-473
    • Boussiotis, V.A.1    Pangalis, G.A.2
  • 27
    • 0026712994 scopus 로고
    • Recombinant interferon-alpha 2 a as maintenance treatment for patients with advanced stage chronic lymphocytic leukemia responding to chemotherapy
    • Ferrara F, Rametta V, Mele G et al (1992) Recombinant interferon-alpha 2 a as maintenance treatment for patients with advanced stage chronic lymphocytic leukemia responding to chemotherapy. Am J Hematol 41:45-49
    • (1992) Am J Hematol , vol.41 , pp. 45-49
    • Ferrara, F.1    Rametta, V.2    Mele, G.3
  • 28
    • 8944256086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interferon-alpha 2b (IFN alpha) for early-phase chronic lymphocytic leukaemia with high risk for disease progression: Results of a randomized multicentre study
    • Langenmayer I, Nerl C, Knauf W et al (1996) Interferon-alpha 2b (IFN alpha) for early-phase chronic lymphocytic leukaemia with high risk for disease progression: results of a randomized multicentre study. Br J Haematol 94:362-369
    • (1996) Br J Haematol , vol.94 , pp. 362-369
    • Langenmayer, I.1    Nerl, C.2    Knauf, W.3
  • 29
    • 0028174176 scopus 로고
    • Alpha-interferon (alpha-IFN) protects B-chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells from apoptotic cell death in vitro
    • Panayiotidis P, Ganeshaguru K, Jabbar SA et al (1994) Alpha-interferon (alpha-IFN) protects B-chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells from apoptotic cell death in vitro. Br J Haematol 86:169-173
    • (1994) Br J Haematol , vol.86 , pp. 169-173
    • Panayiotidis, P.1    Ganeshaguru, K.2    Jabbar, S.A.3
  • 30
    • 0029670782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interferon-alpha, Bcl-2 expression and apoptosis in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia
    • Jewell AP (1996) Interferon-alpha, Bcl-2 expression and apoptosis in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 21:43-47
    • (1996) Leuk Lymphoma , vol.21 , pp. 43-47
    • Jewell, A.P.1
  • 31
    • 0030898146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterogenous response of B lymphocytes to transforming growth factor-beta in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: Correlation with the expression of TGF-b receptors
    • Lagneaux L, Delforge A, Bron D et al (1997) Heterogenous response of B lymphocytes to transforming growth factor-beta in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: correlation with the expression of TGF-b receptors. Br J Haematol 97:612-620
    • (1997) Br J Haematol , vol.97 , pp. 612-620
    • Lagneaux, L.1    Delforge, A.2    Bron, D.3
  • 32
    • 0028964095 scopus 로고
    • Comparative analysis of cytokines released by bone marrow stromal cells from normal donors and B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemic patients
    • Lagneaux L, Delforge A, Bron D et al (1995) Comparative analysis of cytokines released by bone marrow stromal cells from normal donors and B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemic patients. Leuk Lymphoma 17:127-133
    • (1995) Leuk Lymphoma , vol.17 , pp. 127-133
    • Lagneaux, L.1    Delforge, A.2    Bron, D.3
  • 33
    • 0026573444 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of human B cell antigen receptor complexes: Membrane-expressed forms of immunoglobulin (Ig)M, IgD, and IgG are associated with structurally related heterodimers
    • Van Noesel CJ, Brouns GS, Schijndel GM van et al (1992) Comparison of human B cell antigen receptor complexes: membrane-expressed forms of immunoglobulin (Ig)M, IgD, and IgG are associated with structurally related heterodimers. J Exp Med 175:1511-1519
    • (1992) J Exp Med , vol.175 , pp. 1511-1519
    • Van Noesel, C.J.1    Brouns, G.S.2    Van Schijndel, G.M.3
  • 34
    • 0027290883 scopus 로고
    • Signal transduction by immunoglobulin is mediated through Ig alpha and Ig beta
    • Sanchez M, Misulovin Z, Burkhardt AL et al (1993) Signal transduction by immunoglobulin is mediated through Ig alpha and Ig beta. J Exp Med 178:1049-1055
    • (1993) J Exp Med , vol.178 , pp. 1049-1055
    • Sanchez, M.1    Misulovin, Z.2    Burkhardt, A.L.3
  • 35
    • 0025972582 scopus 로고
    • Association of B cell antigen receptor with protein tyrosine kinase Lyn
    • Yamanashi Y, Kakiuchi T, Mizuguchi J et al (1991) Association of B cell antigen receptor with protein tyrosine kinase Lyn. Science 251:192-194
    • (1991) Science , vol.251 , pp. 192-194
    • Yamanashi, Y.1    Kakiuchi, T.2    Mizuguchi, J.3
  • 36
    • 0025739498 scopus 로고
    • Anti-immunoglobulin stimulation of B lymphocytes activates src-related protein-tyrosine kinases
    • Burkhardt AL, Brunswick M, Bolen JB et al (1991) Anti-immunoglobulin stimulation of B lymphocytes activates src-related protein-tyrosine kinases. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88:7410-7414
    • (1991) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.88 , pp. 7410-7414
    • Burkhardt, A.L.1    Brunswick, M.2    Bolen, J.B.3
  • 37
    • 0025873239 scopus 로고
    • B lymphocyte activation is accompanied by phosphorylation of a 72-kDa protein-tyrosine kinase
    • Hutchcroft JE, Harrison ML, Geahlen RL (1991) B lymphocyte activation is accompanied by phosphorylation of a 72-kDa protein-tyrosine kinase. J Biol Chem 266:14846-14869
    • (1991) J Biol Chem , vol.266 , pp. 14846-14869
    • Hutchcroft, J.E.1    Harrison, M.L.2    Geahlen, R.L.3
  • 38
    • 0026656317 scopus 로고
    • Association of the 72-kDa protein-tyrosine kinase PTK72 with the B cell antigen receptor
    • Hutchcroft JE, Harrison ML, Geahlen RL (1992) Association of the 72-kDa protein-tyrosine kinase PTK72 with the B cell antigen receptor. J Biol Chem 267:8613-8619
    • (1992) J Biol Chem , vol.267 , pp. 8613-8619
    • Hutchcroft, J.E.1    Harrison, M.L.2    Geahlen, R.L.3
  • 39
    • 0027185152 scopus 로고
    • T cell activation by clustered tyrosine kinases
    • Kolanus W, Romeo C, Seed B (1993) T cell activation by clustered tyrosine kinases. Cell 74:171-183
    • (1993) Cell , vol.74 , pp. 171-183
    • Kolanus, W.1    Romeo, C.2    Seed, B.3
  • 40
    • 0028321540 scopus 로고
    • Molecular cloning of human Syk. A B cell protein-tyrosine kinase associated with the surface immunoglobulin M-B cell receptor complex
    • Law CL, Sidorenko SP, Chandran KA et al (1994) Molecular cloning of human Syk. A B cell protein-tyrosine kinase associated with the surface immunoglobulin M-B cell receptor complex. J Biol Chem 269:12310-12319
    • (1994) J Biol Chem , vol.269 , pp. 12310-12319
    • Law, C.L.1    Sidorenko, S.P.2    Chandran, K.A.3
  • 41
    • 0028176193 scopus 로고
    • Distinct p53/561yn and p59fyn domains associate with nonphosphorylated and phosphorylated Ig-alpha
    • Pleiman CM, Abrams C, Gauen LT et al (1994) Distinct p53/561yn and p59fyn domains associate with nonphosphorylated and phosphorylated Ig-alpha. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91:4268-4272
    • (1994) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.91 , pp. 4268-4272
    • Pleiman, C.M.1    Abrams, C.2    Gauen, L.T.3
  • 42
    • 0026743020 scopus 로고
    • The MB-1/B29 heterodimer couples the B cell antigen receptor to multiple src family protein tyrosine kinases
    • Lin J, Justement LB (1992) The MB-1/B29 heterodimer couples the B cell antigen receptor to multiple src family protein tyrosine kinases. J Immunol 149:1548-1555
    • (1992) J Immunol , vol.149 , pp. 1548-1555
    • Lin, J.1    Justement, L.B.2
  • 43
    • 0027318287 scopus 로고
    • Defective calcium response in B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Alteration of early protein tyrosine phosphorylation and of the mechanism responsible for cell calcium influx
    • Michel F, Merle Beral H, Legac E et al (1993) Defective calcium response in B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Alteration of early protein tyrosine phosphorylation and of the mechanism responsible for cell calcium influx. J Immunol 150:3624-3633
    • (1993) J Immunol , vol.150 , pp. 3624-3633
    • Michel, F.1    Merle Beral, H.2    Legac, E.3
  • 44
    • 0026729146 scopus 로고
    • Predominant expression and activation-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of phospholipase C-gamma 2 in B lymphocytes
    • Coggeshall KM, McHugh JC, Altman A (1992) Predominant expression and activation-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of phospholipase C-gamma 2 in B lymphocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89:5660-5664
    • (1992) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.89 , pp. 5660-5664
    • Coggeshall, K.M.1    McHugh, J.C.2    Altman, A.3
  • 45
    • 0025253488 scopus 로고
    • Altered signal transduction secondary to surface IgM cross-linking on B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Differential activation of the phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C
    • Hivroz C, Geny B, Brouet JC et al (1990) Altered signal transduction secondary to surface IgM cross-linking on B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Differential activation of the phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C. J Immunol 144:2351-2358
    • (1990) J Immunol , vol.144 , pp. 2351-2358
    • Hivroz, C.1    Geny, B.2    Brouet, J.C.3
  • 46
    • 0025898888 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of B cell antigen receptor signal transduction and phosphorylation by CD45
    • Justement LB, Campbell KS, Chien NC et al (1991) Regulation of B cell antigen receptor signal transduction and phosphorylation by CD45. Science 252:1839-1842
    • (1991) Science , vol.252 , pp. 1839-1842
    • Justement, L.B.1    Campbell, K.S.2    Chien, N.C.3
  • 47
    • 0029144435 scopus 로고
    • Antigen receptor nonresponsiveness in chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells
    • Lankester AC, Schijndel GM van, Schoot CE van der et al (1995) Antigen receptor nonresponsiveness in chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells. Blood 86:1090-1071
    • (1995) Blood , vol.86 , pp. 1090-11071
    • Lankester, A.C.1    Van Schijndel, G.M.2    Van Der Schoot, C.E.3
  • 48
    • 0028332926 scopus 로고
    • Leukemic cells from progressive B-CLL respond strongly to growth stimulation in vitro
    • Aguilar Santelises M, Mellstedt H, Jondal M (1994) Leukemic cells from progressive B-CLL respond strongly to growth stimulation in vitro. Leukemia 8:1146-1152
    • (1994) Leukemia , vol.8 , pp. 1146-1152
    • Aguilar Santelises, M.1    Mellstedt, H.2    Jondal, M.3
  • 49
    • 0029836635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CD38 expression distinguishes two groups of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemias with different responses to anti-IgM antibodies and propensity to apoptosis
    • Zupo S, Isnardi L, Megna M et al (1996) CD38 expression distinguishes two groups of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemias with different responses to anti-IgM antibodies and propensity to apoptosis. Blood 88:1365-1374
    • (1996) Blood , vol.88 , pp. 1365-1374
    • Zupo, S.1    Isnardi, L.2    Megna, M.3
  • 50
    • 0030761477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aberrations of the B-cell receptor B29 (CD79b) gene in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
    • Thompson AA, Talley JA, Do HN et al (1997) Aberrations of the B-cell receptor B29 (CD79b) gene in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 90:1387-1394
    • (1997) Blood , vol.90 , pp. 1387-1394
    • Thompson, A.A.1    Talley, J.A.2    Do, H.N.3
  • 51
    • 0029116298 scopus 로고
    • Defects in signal transduction pathways in chronic B lymphocytic leukemia cells
    • Jabbar SA, Hoffmann AV, Wickremasinghe RG (1995) Defects in signal transduction pathways in chronic B lymphocytic leukemia cells. Leuk Lymphoma 18:163-170
    • (1995) Leuk Lymphoma , vol.18 , pp. 163-170
    • Jabbar, S.A.1    Hoffmann, A.V.2    Wickremasinghe, R.G.3
  • 52
    • 0028897113 scopus 로고
    • Transcriptional regulation by extracellular signals: Mechanisms and specificity
    • Hill CS, Treisman R (1995) Transcriptional regulation by extracellular signals: mechanisms and specificity. Cell 80:199-211
    • (1995) Cell , vol.80 , pp. 199-211
    • Hill, C.S.1    Treisman, R.2
  • 53
    • 0028329953 scopus 로고
    • JNK1: A protein kinase stimulated by UV light and Ha-Ras that binds and phosphorylates the c-Jun activation domain
    • Derijard B, Hibi M, Wu IH et al (1994) JNK1: a protein kinase stimulated by UV light and Ha-Ras that binds and phosphorylates the c-Jun activation domain. Cell 76:1025-1037
    • (1994) Cell , vol.76 , pp. 1025-1037
    • Derijard, B.1    Hibi, M.2    Wu, I.H.3
  • 54
    • 0030448658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nuclear NF-ATp is a hallmark of unstimulated B cells from B-CLL patients
    • Schuh K, Avots A, Tony HP et al (1996) Nuclear NF-ATp is a hallmark of unstimulated B cells from B-CLL patients. Leuk Lymphoma 23:583-592
    • (1996) Leuk Lymphoma , vol.23 , pp. 583-592
    • Schuh, K.1    Avots, A.2    Tony, H.P.3
  • 55
    • 0025739254 scopus 로고
    • Reactive oxygen intermediates as apparently widely used messengers in the activation of the NF-kB transcription factor and HIV
    • Schreck R, Rieber P, Bäuerle PA (1991) Reactive oxygen intermediates as apparently widely used messengers in the activation of the NF-kB transcription factor and HIV. EMBO J 10:2247-2258
    • (1991) EMBO J , vol.10 , pp. 2247-2258
    • Schreck, R.1    Rieber, P.2    Bäuerle, P.A.3
  • 57
    • 0023178409 scopus 로고
    • CD5 antibodies increase intracellular ionized calcium concentration in T cells
    • June CH, Rabinovitch PS, Ledbetter JA (1987) CD5 antibodies increase intracellular ionized calcium concentration in T cells. J Immunol 138:2782-2792
    • (1987) J Immunol , vol.138 , pp. 2782-2792
    • June, C.H.1    Rabinovitch, P.S.2    Ledbetter, J.A.3
  • 58
    • 0026643141 scopus 로고
    • Identification of calcineurin as a key signalling enzyme in T-lymphocyte activation
    • Clipstone NA, Crabtree GR (1992) Identification of calcineurin as a key signalling enzyme in T-lymphocyte activation. Nature 357:695
    • (1992) Nature , vol.357 , pp. 695
    • Clipstone, N.A.1    Crabtree, G.R.2
  • 59
    • 0028981050 scopus 로고
    • Activation of NF-κB requires proteolysis of the inhibitor IκB-α: Signal-induced phosphorylation of IκB-α alone does not release active NF-κB
    • Lin Y-C, Brown K, Siebenlist U (1995) Activation of NF-κB requires proteolysis of the inhibitor IκB-α: signal-induced phosphorylation of IκB-α alone does not release active NF-κB. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92:552
    • (1995) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.92 , pp. 552
    • Lin, Y.-C.1    Brown, K.2    Siebenlist, U.3
  • 61
    • 0027446955 scopus 로고
    • The oncoprotein Bcl-3 directly transactivates through KB motifs via association with DNA-binding p50B homodimers
    • Bours V, Franzoso G, Azarenko V et al (1993) The oncoprotein Bcl-3 directly transactivates through KB motifs via association with DNA-binding p50B homodimers. Cell 72:729-739
    • (1993) Cell , vol.72 , pp. 729-739
    • Bours, V.1    Franzoso, G.2    Azarenko, V.3
  • 62
    • 0028450096 scopus 로고
    • Induction of NF-AT in normal B lymphocytes by anti-immunoglobulin or CD40 ligand in conjunction with IL-4
    • Choi MSK, Brine RD, Holman MJ et al (1994) Induction of NF-AT in normal B lymphocytes by anti-immunoglobulin or CD40 ligand in conjunction with IL-4. Immunity 1:179-187
    • (1994) Immunity , vol.1 , pp. 179-187
    • Choi, M.S.K.1    Brine, R.D.2    Holman, M.J.3
  • 63
    • 0028445321 scopus 로고
    • Cyclosporin-A sensitive induction of NF-AT in murine B cells
    • Venkataraman L, Francis DA, Wang Z et al (1994) Cyclosporin-A sensitive induction of NF-AT in murine B cells. Immunity 1:189-196
    • (1994) Immunity , vol.1 , pp. 189-196
    • Venkataraman, L.1    Francis, D.A.2    Wang, Z.3
  • 64
    • 0028344074 scopus 로고
    • The T-cell antigen CD5 acts as a receptor and substrate for the protein-tyrosine kinase p561ck
    • Raab M, Yamamoto M, Rudd CE (1994) The T-cell antigen CD5 acts as a receptor and substrate for the protein-tyrosine kinase p561ck. Mol Cell Biol 14:2862-2870
    • (1994) Mol Cell Biol , vol.14 , pp. 2862-2870
    • Raab, M.1    Yamamoto, M.2    Rudd, C.E.3
  • 65
    • 0026705903 scopus 로고
    • Genetic evidence for the involvement of the lck tyrosine kinase in signal transduction through the T cell antigen receptor
    • Straus DB, Weiss A (1992) Genetic evidence for the involvement of the lck tyrosine kinase in signal transduction through the T cell antigen receptor. Cell 70:585-593
    • (1992) Cell , vol.70 , pp. 585-593
    • Straus, D.B.1    Weiss, A.2
  • 66
    • 0029837669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell-type-specific regulation of the human tumor necrosis factor alpha gene in B cells and T cells by NFATp and ATF-2/JUN
    • Tsai EY, Yie J, Thanos D et al (1996) Cell-type-specific regulation of the human tumor necrosis factor alpha gene in B cells and T cells by NFATp and ATF-2/JUN. Mol Cell Biol 16:5232-5244
    • (1996) Mol Cell Biol , vol.16 , pp. 5232-5244
    • Tsai, E.Y.1    Yie, J.2    Thanos, D.3
  • 67
    • 0021272384 scopus 로고
    • G proteins and dual control of adenylate cyclase
    • Gilman AG (1984) G proteins and dual control of adenylate cyclase. Cell 36:577-579
    • (1984) Cell , vol.36 , pp. 577-579
    • Gilman, A.G.1
  • 68
    • 0020359103 scopus 로고
    • Induction of differentiation of the human histiocytic lymphoma cell line U-937 by retinoic acid and cyclic adenosine 3′:5′-monophosphate- inducing agents
    • Olsson IL, Breitman TR (1982) Induction of differentiation of the human histiocytic lymphoma cell line U-937 by retinoic acid and cyclic adenosine 3′:5′-monophosphate- inducing agents. Cancer Res 42:3924-3927
    • (1982) Cancer Res , vol.42 , pp. 3924-3927
    • Olsson, I.L.1    Breitman, T.R.2
  • 69
    • 0020662058 scopus 로고
    • Plasma and urine cyclic nucleotide levels in patients with acute and chronic leukemia
    • Peracchi M, Lombardi L, Maiolo AT et al (1983) Plasma and urine cyclic nucleotide levels in patients with acute and chronic leukemia. Blood 61:429-434
    • (1983) Blood , vol.61 , pp. 429-434
    • Peracchi, M.1    Lombardi, L.2    Maiolo, A.T.3
  • 70
    • 0017739663 scopus 로고
    • Catecholamine hormone receptors are reduced on chronic lymphocytic leukaemic lymphocytes
    • Sheppard JR, Gormus R, Moldow CR (1977) Catecholamine hormone receptors are reduced on chronic lymphocytic leukaemic lymphocytes. Nature 269:693-695
    • (1977) Nature , vol.269 , pp. 693-695
    • Sheppard, J.R.1    Gormus, R.2    Moldow, C.R.3
  • 71
    • 0020629672 scopus 로고
    • Differences in beta-adrenergic receptor density and adenylate cyclase activity between normal and leukaemic leukocytes
    • Paietta E, Schwarzmeier JD (1983) Differences in beta-adrenergic receptor density and adenylate cyclase activity between normal and leukaemic leukocytes. Eur J Clin Invest 13:339-346
    • (1983) Eur J Clin Invest , vol.13 , pp. 339-346
    • Paietta, E.1    Schwarzmeier, J.D.2
  • 72
    • 0031046827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defects of beta 2-adrenergic signal transduction in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: Relationship to disease progression
    • Kamp T, Liebl B, Haen E et al (1997) Defects of beta 2-adrenergic signal transduction in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: relationship to disease progression. Eur J Clin Invest 27:121-127
    • (1997) Eur J Clin Invest , vol.27 , pp. 121-127
    • Kamp, T.1    Liebl, B.2    Haen, E.3
  • 73
    • 0025786867 scopus 로고
    • Reduced responsiveness of adenylate cyclase to forskolin in human lymphoma cells
    • Hallek M, Kamp T, Haen E et al (1991) Reduced responsiveness of adenylate cyclase to forskolin in human lymphoma cells. Biochem Pharmacol 42:1329-1334
    • (1991) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.42 , pp. 1329-1334
    • Hallek, M.1    Kamp, T.2    Haen, E.3
  • 74
    • 0028789425 scopus 로고
    • The killer and the executioner: How apoptosis controls malignancy
    • Green DR, Martin SJ (1995) The killer and the executioner: how apoptosis controls malignancy. Curr Opin Immunol 7:694-703
    • (1995) Curr Opin Immunol , vol.7 , pp. 694-703
    • Green, D.R.1    Martin, S.J.2
  • 75
    • 0029899181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular thanatopsis: A discourse on the Bcl2 family and cell death
    • Yang E, Korsmeyer SJ (1996) Molecular thanatopsis: a discourse on the Bcl2 family and cell death. Blood 88:386-401
    • (1996) Blood , vol.88 , pp. 386-401
    • Yang, E.1    Korsmeyer, S.J.2
  • 76
    • 0030584079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apoptosis meets signal transduction: Elimination of a BAD influence
    • Gajewski TF, Thompson CB (1996) Apoptosis meets signal transduction: elimination of a BAD influence. Cell 87:589-592
    • (1996) Cell , vol.87 , pp. 589-592
    • Gajewski, T.F.1    Thompson, C.B.2
  • 77
    • 0029125701 scopus 로고
    • Protease activation during apoptosis: Death by a thousand cuts?
    • Martin SJ, Green DR (1995) Protease activation during apoptosis: death by a thousand cuts? Cell 82:349-352
    • (1995) Cell , vol.82 , pp. 349-352
    • Martin, S.J.1    Green, D.R.2
  • 78
    • 0029042718 scopus 로고
    • Nuclear changes in apoptosis
    • Earnshaw WC (1995) Nuclear changes in apoptosis. Curr Opin Cell Biol 7:337-343
    • (1995) Curr Opin Cell Biol , vol.7 , pp. 337-343
    • Earnshaw, W.C.1
  • 79
  • 80
    • 0029974123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptation of a simple flow cytometric assay to identify different stages during apoptosis
    • Hamel W, Dazin P, Israel MA (1996) Adaptation of a simple flow cytometric assay to identify different stages during apoptosis. Cytometry 25:173-181
    • (1996) Cytometry , vol.25 , pp. 173-181
    • Hamel, W.1    Dazin, P.2    Israel, M.A.3
  • 81
    • 0024347970 scopus 로고
    • Monoclonal antibody-mediated tumor regression by induction of apoptosis
    • Trauth BC, Klas C, Peters AM et al (1989) Monoclonal antibody-mediated tumor regression by induction of apoptosis. Science 245:301-3015
    • (1989) Science , vol.245 , pp. 301-3015
    • Trauth, B.C.1    Klas, C.2    Peters, A.M.3
  • 82
    • 0023697978 scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factor can induce both apoptic and necrotic forms of cell lysis
    • Laster SM, Wood JG, Gooding LR (1988) Tumor necrosis factor can induce both apoptic and necrotic forms of cell lysis. J Immunol 141:2629-2634
    • (1988) J Immunol , vol.141 , pp. 2629-2634
    • Laster, S.M.1    Wood, J.G.2    Gooding, L.R.3
  • 83
    • 0027319521 scopus 로고
    • p53 is required for radiation-induced apoptosis in mouse thymocytes
    • Lowe SW, Schmitt EM, Smith SW et al (1993) p53 is required for radiation-induced apoptosis in mouse thymocytes. Nature 362:847-849
    • (1993) Nature , vol.362 , pp. 847-849
    • Lowe, S.W.1    Schmitt, E.M.2    Smith, S.W.3
  • 84
    • 0029148660 scopus 로고
    • Ceramide synthase mediates daunorubicin-induced apoptosis: An alternative mechanism for generating death signals
    • Bose R, Verheij M, Haimovitz-Friedman A et al (1995) Ceramide synthase mediates daunorubicin-induced apoptosis: an alternative mechanism for generating death signals. Cell 82:405-414
    • (1995) Cell , vol.82 , pp. 405-414
    • Bose, R.1    Verheij, M.2    Haimovitz-Friedman, A.3
  • 85
    • 0027318190 scopus 로고
    • bcl-2 inhibits death of central neural cells induced by multiple agents
    • Zhong LT, Sarafian T, Kane DJ et al (1993) bcl-2 inhibits death of central neural cells induced by multiple agents. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90:4533-4537
    • (1993) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.90 , pp. 4533-4537
    • Zhong, L.T.1    Sarafian, T.2    Kane, D.J.3
  • 86
    • 0027255417 scopus 로고
    • Specific proteolytic cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase: An early marker of chemotherapy-induced apoptosis
    • Kaufmann SH, Desnoyers S, Ottaviano Y et al (1993) Specific proteolytic cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase: an early marker of chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. Cancer Res 53:3976-3985
    • (1993) Cancer Res , vol.53 , pp. 3976-3985
    • Kaufmann, S.H.1    Desnoyers, S.2    Ottaviano, Y.3
  • 87
    • 0030465544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lamin proteolysis facilitates nuclear events during apoptosis
    • Rao L, Perez D, White E (1996) Lamin proteolysis facilitates nuclear events during apoptosis. J Cell Biol 135:1441-1455
    • (1996) J Cell Biol , vol.135 , pp. 1441-1455
    • Rao, L.1    Perez, D.2    White, E.3
  • 88
    • 0029959632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Specific cleavage of alpha-fodrin during Fas- and tumor necrosis factor-induced apoptosis is mediated by an interleukin-1 beta-converting enzyme/Ced-3 protease distinct from the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase protease
    • Cryns VL, Bergeron L, Zhu H et al (1996) Specific cleavage of alpha-fodrin during Fas- and tumor necrosis factor-induced apoptosis is mediated by an interleukin-1 beta-converting enzyme/Ced-3 protease distinct from the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase protease. J Biol Chem 271:31277-31282
    • (1996) J Biol Chem , vol.271 , pp. 31277-31282
    • Cryns, V.L.1    Bergeron, L.2    Zhu, H.3
  • 89
    • 0030888898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Actin cleavage by CPP-32/apopain during the development of apoptosis
    • Mashima T, Naito M, Noguchi K et al (1997) Actin cleavage by CPP-32/apopain during the development of apoptosis. Oncogene 14:1007-1012
    • (1997) Oncogene , vol.14 , pp. 1007-1012
    • Mashima, T.1    Naito, M.2    Noguchi, K.3
  • 90
    • 0030023846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cleavage of retinoblastoma protein during apoptosis: An interleukin 1 beta-converting enzyme-like protease as candidate
    • An B, Dou QP (1996) Cleavage of retinoblastoma protein during apoptosis: an interleukin 1 beta-converting enzyme-like protease as candidate. Cancer Res 56:438-442
    • (1996) Cancer Res , vol.56 , pp. 438-442
    • An, B.1    Dou, Q.P.2
  • 91
    • 0030999788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apoptosis is associated with cleavage of a 5 kDa fragment from RB which mimics dephosphorylation and modulates E2F binding
    • Chen WD, Otterson GA, Lipkowitz S et al (1997) Apoptosis is associated with cleavage of a 5 kDa fragment from RB which mimics dephosphorylation and modulates E2F binding. Oncogene 14:1243-1248
    • (1997) Oncogene , vol.14 , pp. 1243-1248
    • Chen, W.D.1    Otterson, G.A.2    Lipkowitz, S.3
  • 92
    • 0029102383 scopus 로고
    • CrmA-inhibitable cleavage of the 70-kDa protein component of the U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein during Fas- and tumor necrosis factor-induced apoptosis
    • Tewari M, Beidler DR, Dixit VM (1995) CrmA-inhibitable cleavage of the 70-kDa protein component of the U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein during Fas- and tumor necrosis factor-induced apoptosis. J Biol Chem 270:18738-18741
    • (1995) J Biol Chem , vol.270 , pp. 18738-18741
    • Tewari, M.1    Beidler, D.R.2    Dixit, V.M.3
  • 93
    • 0030447538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cleavage and inactivation of DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit during apoptosis in Xenopus egg extracts
    • Le Romancer M, Cosulich SC, Jackson SP et al (1996) Cleavage and inactivation of DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit during apoptosis in Xenopus egg extracts. J Cell Sci 109:3121-3127
    • (1996) J Cell Sci , vol.109 , pp. 3121-3127
    • Le Romancer, M.1    Cosulich, S.C.2    Jackson, S.P.3
  • 94
    • 0029871920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cleavage of sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) by CPP32 during apoptosis
    • Wang X, Zelenski NG, Yang J et al (1996) Cleavage of sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) by CPP32 during apoptosis. EMBO J 15:1012-1020
    • (1996) EMBO J , vol.15 , pp. 1012-1020
    • Wang, X.1    Zelenski, N.G.2    Yang, J.3
  • 95
    • 13344259987 scopus 로고
    • Proteolytic activation of protein kinase C delta by an ICE-like protease in apoptotic cells
    • Emoto Y, Manome Y, Meinhardt G et al (1995) Proteolytic activation of protein kinase C delta by an ICE-like protease in apoptotic cells. EMBO J 14:6148-6156
    • (1995) EMBO J , vol.14 , pp. 6148-6156
    • Emoto, Y.1    Manome, Y.2    Meinhardt, G.3
  • 96
    • 0026728952 scopus 로고
    • Viral inhibition of inflammation: Cowpox virus encodes an inhibitor of the interleukin-1 beta converting enzyme
    • Ray CA, Black RA, Kronheim SR et al (1992) Viral inhibition of inflammation: cowpox virus encodes an inhibitor of the interleukin-1 beta converting enzyme. Cell 69:597-604
    • (1992) Cell , vol.69 , pp. 597-604
    • Ray, C.A.1    Black, R.A.2    Kronheim, S.R.3
  • 97
    • 0028817947 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of ICE family proteases by baculovirus antiapoptotic protein p35
    • Bump NJ, Hackett M, Hugunin M et al (1995) Inhibition of ICE family proteases by baculovirus antiapoptotic protein p35. Science 269:1885-1888
    • (1995) Science , vol.269 , pp. 1885-1888
    • Bump, N.J.1    Hackett, M.2    Hugunin, M.3
  • 98
    • 0022497852 scopus 로고
    • Genetic control of programmed cell death in the nematode C. elegans
    • Ellis HM, Horvitz HR (1986) Genetic control of programmed cell death in the nematode C. elegans. Cell 44:817-829
    • (1986) Cell , vol.44 , pp. 817-829
    • Ellis, H.M.1    Horvitz, H.R.2
  • 99
    • 0026517239 scopus 로고
    • Molecular cloning of the interleukin-1 beta converting enzyme
    • Cerretti DP, Kozlosky CJ, Mosley B et al (1992) Molecular cloning of the interleukin-1 beta converting enzyme. Science 256:97-100
    • (1992) Science , vol.256 , pp. 97-100
    • Cerretti, D.P.1    Kozlosky, C.J.2    Mosley, B.3
  • 101
    • 0028984948 scopus 로고
    • Mice deficient in IL-1 beta-converting enzyme are defective in production of mature IL-1 beta and resistant to endotoxic shock
    • Li P, Allen H, Banerjee S et al (1995) Mice deficient in IL-1 beta-converting enzyme are defective in production of mature IL-1 beta and resistant to endotoxic shock. Cell 80:401-511
    • (1995) Cell , vol.80 , pp. 401-511
    • Li, P.1    Allen, H.2    Banerjee, S.3
  • 102
    • 0030905543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of CED-3/ICE proteases in the apoptosis of B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells
    • Bellosillo B, Dalmau M, Colomer D et al (1997) Involvement of CED-3/ICE proteases in the apoptosis of B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Blood 89:3378-3384
    • (1997) Blood , vol.89 , pp. 3378-3384
    • Bellosillo, B.1    Dalmau, M.2    Colomer, D.3
  • 103
    • 0021934042 scopus 로고
    • H on chromosome 14 and near a transcriptional unit on 18
    • H on chromosome 14 and near a transcriptional unit on 18. Cell 41:889
    • (1985) Cell , vol.41 , pp. 889
    • Bakhshi, A.1    Jensen, J.P.2    Goldman, P.W.3
  • 104
    • 0029670590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New members of the Bcl-2 family and their protein partners
    • Farrow SN, Brown R (1996) New members of the Bcl-2 family and their protein partners. Curr Opin Genet Dev 6:45-49
    • (1996) Curr Opin Genet Dev , vol.6 , pp. 45-49
    • Farrow, S.N.1    Brown, R.2
  • 105
    • 0028958030 scopus 로고
    • Bcl-2: Prevention of apoptosis as a mechanism of drug resistance
    • Reed JC (1995) Bcl-2: prevention of apoptosis as a mechanism of drug resistance. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 9:451-473
    • (1995) Hematol Oncol Clin North Am , vol.9 , pp. 451-473
    • Reed, J.C.1
  • 106
    • 0027282044 scopus 로고
    • bcl-x, a bcl-2-related gene that functions as a dominant regulator of apoptotic cell death
    • Boise LH, Gonzalez-Garcia M, Postema CE et al (1993) bcl-x, a bcl-2-related gene that functions as a dominant regulator of apoptotic cell death. Cell 74:597-608
    • (1993) Cell , vol.74 , pp. 597-608
    • Boise, L.H.1    Gonzalez-Garcia, M.2    Postema, C.E.3
  • 107
    • 0025255538 scopus 로고
    • Deregulated Bcl-2 gene expression selectively prolongs survival of growth factor-deprived hemopoietic cell lines
    • Nunez G, London L, Hockenbery D et al (1990) Deregulated Bcl-2 gene expression selectively prolongs survival of growth factor-deprived hemopoietic cell lines. J Immunol 144:3602-3610
    • (1990) J Immunol , vol.144 , pp. 3602-3610
    • Nunez, G.1    London, L.2    Hockenbery, D.3
  • 108
    • 0027166048 scopus 로고
    • Bcl-2 heterodimerizes in vivo with a conserved homolog, Bax, that accelerates programmed cell death
    • Oltvai ZN, Milliman CL, Korsmeyer SJ (1993) Bcl-2 heterodimerizes in vivo with a conserved homolog, Bax, that accelerates programmed cell death. Cell 74:609-619
    • (1993) Cell , vol.74 , pp. 609-619
    • Oltvai, Z.N.1    Milliman, C.L.2    Korsmeyer, S.J.3
  • 109
    • 0028809209 scopus 로고
    • Bad, a heterodimeric partner for Bcl-XL and Bcl-2, displaces Bax and promotes cell death
    • Yang E, Zha J, Jockel J et al (1995) Bad, a heterodimeric partner for Bcl-XL and Bcl-2, displaces Bax and promotes cell death. Cell 80:285-291
    • (1995) Cell , vol.80 , pp. 285-291
    • Yang, E.1    Zha, J.2    Jockel, J.3
  • 110
    • 0029807585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BID: A novel BH3 domain-only death agonist
    • Wang K, Yin XM, Chao DT et al (1996) BID: a novel BH3 domain-only death agonist. Genes Dev 10:2859-2869
    • (1996) Genes Dev , vol.10 , pp. 2859-2869
    • Wang, K.1    Yin, X.M.2    Chao, D.T.3
  • 111
    • 0026639932 scopus 로고
    • The adenovirus E1 a proteins induce apoptosis, which is inhibited by the E1B 19-kDa and Bcl-2 proteins
    • published erratum appears in Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89:9974
    • Rao L, Debbas M, Sabbatini P et al (1992) The adenovirus E1 a proteins induce apoptosis, which is inhibited by the E1B 19-kDa and Bcl-2 proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89:7742-7746 (published erratum appears in Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89:9974)
    • (1992) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.89 , pp. 7742-7746
    • Rao, L.1    Debbas, M.2    Sabbatini, P.3
  • 112
    • 0029097470 scopus 로고
    • Multiple Bcl-2 family members demonstrate selective dimerizations with Bax
    • Sedlak TW, Oltvai ZN, Yang E et al (1995) Multiple Bcl-2 family members demonstrate selective dimerizations with Bax. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92:7834-7838
    • (1995) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.92 , pp. 7834-7838
    • Sedlak, T.W.1    Oltvai, Z.N.2    Yang, E.3
  • 113
    • 0027326012 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of Al, a novel hemopoietic-specific early-response gene with sequence similarity to bcl-2
    • Lin EY, Orlofsky A, Berger MS et al (1993) Characterization of Al, a novel hemopoietic-specific early-response gene with sequence similarity to bcl-2. J Immunol 151:1979-1988
    • (1993) J Immunol , vol.151 , pp. 1979-1988
    • Lin, E.Y.1    Orlofsky, A.2    Berger, M.S.3
  • 114
    • 0027480450 scopus 로고
    • MCL1, a gene expressed in programmed myeloid cell differentiation, has sequence similarity to BCL2
    • Kozopas KM, Yang T, Buchan HL et al (1993) MCL1, a gene expressed in programmed myeloid cell differentiation, has sequence similarity to BCL2. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90:3516
    • (1993) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.90 , pp. 3516
    • Kozopas, K.M.1    Yang, T.2    Buchan, H.L.3
  • 115
    • 9244246789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of a novel Bcl-2 related gene, BRAG-1, in human glioma
    • Das R, Reddy EP, Chatterjee D et al (1996) Identification of a novel Bcl-2 related gene, BRAG-1, in human glioma. Oncogene 12:947-951
    • (1996) Oncogene , vol.12 , pp. 947-951
    • Das, R.1    Reddy, E.P.2    Chatterjee, D.3
  • 117
    • 0030584088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serine phosphorylation of death agonist BAD in response to survival factor results in binding to 14-3-3 not BCL-X (L)
    • Zha J, Harada H, Yang E et al (1996) Serine phosphorylation of death agonist BAD in response to survival factor results in binding to 14-3-3 not BCL-X (L) Cell 87:619-628
    • (1996) Cell , vol.87 , pp. 619-628
    • Zha, J.1    Harada, H.2    Yang, E.3
  • 118
    • 0343118779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of a regulatory element in the 5′-untranslated region of the bcl-2 gene
    • Korner I, Weber-Nordt R, Pfaff P et al (1997) Analysis of a regulatory element in the 5′-untranslated region of the bcl-2 gene. FEBS Lett 406:31-32
    • (1997) FEBS Lett , vol.406 , pp. 31-32
    • Korner, I.1    Weber-Nordt, R.2    Pfaff, P.3
  • 119
    • 0027239823 scopus 로고
    • bcl-2 gene hypomethylation and high-level expression in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia
    • Hanada M, Delia D, Aiello A et al (1993) bcl-2 gene hypomethylation and high-level expression in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 82:1820-1828
    • (1993) Blood , vol.82 , pp. 1820-1828
    • Hanada, M.1    Delia, D.2    Aiello, A.3
  • 120
    • 0030321241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential expression of BCL-2 oncoprotein and Fas antigen on normal peripheral blood and leukemic bone marrow cells. A flow cytometric analysis
    • Molica S, Mannella A, Dattilo A et al (1996) Differential expression of BCL-2 oncoprotein and Fas antigen on normal peripheral blood and leukemic bone marrow cells. A flow cytometric analysis. Haematologica 81:302-309
    • (1996) Haematologica , vol.81 , pp. 302-309
    • Molica, S.1    Mannella, A.2    Dattilo, A.3
  • 121
    • 0031450247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bcl-2 protein expression and p53 gene mutation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: Correlation with in vitro sensitivity to chlorambucil and purine analogs
    • Morabito F, Filangeri M, Callea I et al (1997) Bcl-2 protein expression and p53 gene mutation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: correlation with in vitro sensitivity to chlorambucil and purine analogs. Haematologica 82:16-20
    • (1997) Haematologica , vol.82 , pp. 16-20
    • Morabito, F.1    Filangeri, M.2    Callea, I.3
  • 122
    • 0031045135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) upregulates the expression of bcl-2 in B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cell lines resulting in delaying apoptosis
    • Konig A, Menzel T, Lynen S et al (1997) Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) upregulates the expression of bcl-2 in B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cell lines resulting in delaying apoptosis. Leukemia 11:258-265
    • (1997) Leukemia , vol.11 , pp. 258-265
    • Konig, A.1    Menzel, T.2    Lynen, S.3
  • 123
    • 0026754538 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin 4 protects chronic lymphocytic leukemic B cells from death by apoptosis and upregulates Bcl-2 expression
    • Dancescu M, Rubio Trujillo M, Biron G et al (1992) Interleukin 4 protects chronic lymphocytic leukemic B cells from death by apoptosis and upregulates Bcl-2 expression. J Exp Med 176:1319-1326
    • (1992) J Exp Med , vol.176 , pp. 1319-1326
    • Dancescu, M.1    Rubio Trujillo, M.2    Biron, G.3
  • 124
    • 0031036307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Raf-1/bcl-2 phosphorylation: A step from microtubule damage to cell death
    • Blagosklonny MV, Giannakakou P, el Deiry WS et al (1997) Raf-1/bcl-2 phosphorylation: a step from microtubule damage to cell death. Cancer Res 57:130-135
    • (1997) Cancer Res , vol.57 , pp. 130-135
    • Blagosklonny, M.V.1    Giannakakou, P.2    El Deiry, W.S.3
  • 125
    • 0031035693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bcl2 is the guardian of microtubule integrity
    • Haldar S, Basu A, Croce CM (1997) Bcl2 is the guardian of microtubule integrity. Cancer Res 57:229-233
    • (1997) Cancer Res , vol.57 , pp. 229-233
    • Haldar, S.1    Basu, A.2    Croce, C.M.3
  • 126
    • 0029978058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug-induced apoptosis in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: Relationship between p53 gene mutation and bcl-2/bax proteins in drug resistance
    • Thomas A, El Rouby S, Reed JC et al (1996) Drug-induced apoptosis in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: relationship between p53 gene mutation and bcl-2/bax proteins in drug resistance. Oncogene 12:1055-1062
    • (1996) Oncogene , vol.12 , pp. 1055-1062
    • Thomas, A.1    El Rouby, S.2    Reed, J.C.3
  • 127
    • 0025784539 scopus 로고
    • Wild-type p53 induces apoptosis of myeloid leukaemic cells that is inhibited by interleukin-6
    • Yonish-Rouach E, Resnitzky D, Lotem J et al (1991) Wild-type p53 induces apoptosis of myeloid leukaemic cells that is inhibited by interleukin-6. Nature 352:345-347
    • (1991) Nature , vol.352 , pp. 345-347
    • Yonish-Rouach, E.1    Resnitzky, D.2    Lotem, J.3
  • 128
    • 0026523778 scopus 로고
    • Induction of apoptosis by wild-type p53 in a human colon tumor-derived cell line
    • Shaw P, Bovey R, Tardy S et al (1992) Induction of apoptosis by wild-type p53 in a human colon tumor-derived cell line. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89:4495-4459
    • (1992) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.89 , pp. 4495-14459
    • Shaw, P.1    Bovey, R.2    Tardy, S.3
  • 129
    • 0028978183 scopus 로고
    • Mice lacking p21CIP1/WAF1 undergo normal development, but are defective in G1 checkpoint control
    • Deng C, Zhang P, Harper JW et al (1995) Mice lacking p21CIP1/WAF1 undergo normal development, but are defective in G1 checkpoint control. Cell 82:675-684
    • (1995) Cell , vol.82 , pp. 675-684
    • Deng, C.1    Zhang, P.2    Harper, J.W.3
  • 130
    • 0029097759 scopus 로고
    • Radiation-induced cell cycle arrest compromised by p21 deficiency
    • Brugarolas J, Chandrasekaran C, Gordon JI et al (1995) Radiation-induced cell cycle arrest compromised by p21 deficiency. Nature 377:552-557
    • (1995) Nature , vol.377 , pp. 552-557
    • Brugarolas, J.1    Chandrasekaran, C.2    Gordon, J.I.3
  • 131
    • 0026496885 scopus 로고
    • A mammalian cell cycle checkpoint pathway utilizing p53 and GADD45 is defective in ataxia-telangiectasia
    • Kastan MB, Zhan Q, el Deiry WS et al (1992) A mammalian cell cycle checkpoint pathway utilizing p53 and GADD45 is defective in ataxia-telangiectasia. Cell 71:587-597
    • (1992) Cell , vol.71 , pp. 587-597
    • Kastan, M.B.1    Zhan, Q.2    El Deiry, W.S.3
  • 132
    • 0028883179 scopus 로고
    • Tumor suppressor p53 is a direct transcriptional activator of the human bax gene
    • Miyashita T, Reed JC (1995) Tumor suppressor p53 is a direct transcriptional activator of the human bax gene. Cell 80:293-299
    • (1995) Cell , vol.80 , pp. 293-299
    • Miyashita, T.1    Reed, J.C.2
  • 133
    • 0028859541 scopus 로고
    • Bax-deficient mice with lymphoid hyperplasia and male germ cell death
    • Knudson CM, Tung KS, Tourtellotte WG et al (1995) Bax-deficient mice with lymphoid hyperplasia and male germ cell death. Science 270:96-99
    • (1995) Science , vol.270 , pp. 96-99
    • Knudson, C.M.1    Tung, K.S.2    Tourtellotte, W.G.3
  • 134
    • 0028864667 scopus 로고
    • Induction of the growth inhibitor IGF-binding protein 3 by p53
    • Buckbinder L, Talbott R, Velasco Miguel S et al (1995) Induction of the growth inhibitor IGF-binding protein 3 by p53. Nature 377:646-649
    • (1995) Nature , vol.377 , pp. 646-649
    • Buckbinder, L.1    Talbott, R.2    Velasco Miguel, S.3
  • 135
    • 0029003501 scopus 로고
    • Wild-type human p53 and a temperature-sensitive mutant induce Fas/APO-1 expression
    • Owen Schaub LB, Zhang W, Cusack JC et al (1995) Wild-type human p53 and a temperature-sensitive mutant induce Fas/APO-1 expression. Mol Cell Biol 15:3032-3040
    • (1995) Mol Cell Biol , vol.15 , pp. 3032-3040
    • Owen Schaub, L.B.1    Zhang, W.2    Cusack, J.C.3
  • 136
    • 0028335717 scopus 로고
    • Tumor suppressor p53 is a regulator of bcl-2 and bax gene expression in vitro and in vivo
    • Miyashita T, Krajewski S, Krajewska M et al (1994) Tumor suppressor p53 is a regulator of bcl-2 and bax gene expression in vitro and in vivo. Oncogene 9:1799-1805
    • (1994) Oncogene , vol.9 , pp. 1799-1805
    • Miyashita, T.1    Krajewski, S.2    Krajewska, M.3
  • 137
    • 0025951144 scopus 로고
    • p53 mutations in human lymphoid malignancies: Association with Burkitt lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia
    • Gaidano G, Ballerini P, Gong JZ et al (1991) p53 mutations in human lymphoid malignancies: association with Burkitt lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88:5413-5417
    • (1991) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.88 , pp. 5413-5417
    • Gaidano, G.1    Ballerini, P.2    Gong, J.Z.3
  • 138
    • 0027436745 scopus 로고
    • p53 gene mutation in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia is associated with drug resistance and is independent of Mdr1/Mdr3 gene expression
    • el Rouby S, Thomas A, Costin D et al (1993) p53 gene mutation in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia is associated with drug resistance and is independent of Mdr1/Mdr3 gene expression. Blood 82:3452-3459
    • (1993) Blood , vol.82 , pp. 3452-3459
    • El Rouby, S.1    Thomas, A.2    Costin, D.3
  • 139
    • 0028172868 scopus 로고
    • p53 mutations are associated with resistance to chemotherapy and short survival in hematologic malignancies
    • Wattel E, Preudhomme C, Hecquet B et al (1994) p53 mutations are associated with resistance to chemotherapy and short survival in hematologic malignancies. Blood 84:3148-3157
    • (1994) Blood , vol.84 , pp. 3148-3157
    • Wattel, E.1    Preudhomme, C.2    Hecquet, B.3
  • 140
    • 0028222551 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of alterations of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
    • Gaidano G, Newcomb EW, Gong JZ et al (1994) Analysis of alterations of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Am J Pathol 144:1312-1319
    • (1994) Am J Pathol , vol.144 , pp. 1312-1319
    • Gaidano, G.1    Newcomb, E.W.2    Gong, J.Z.3
  • 141
    • 0028987180 scopus 로고
    • p53 gene deletion predicts for poor survival and non-response to therapy with purine analogs in chronic B-cell leukemias
    • Döhner H, Fischer K, Bentz M et al (1995) p53 gene deletion predicts for poor survival and non-response to therapy with purine analogs in chronic B-cell leukemias. Blood 85:1580-1589
    • (1995) Blood , vol.85 , pp. 1580-1589
    • Döhner, H.1    Fischer, K.2    Bentz, M.3
  • 142
    • 0028955358 scopus 로고
    • P53 gene mutations in lymphoid diseases and their possible relevance to drug resistance
    • Newcomb EW (1995) P53 gene mutations in lymphoid diseases and their possible relevance to drug resistance. Leuk Lymphoma 17:211-221
    • (1995) Leuk Lymphoma , vol.17 , pp. 211-221
    • Newcomb, E.W.1
  • 143
    • 0028886533 scopus 로고
    • Alterations of multiple tumor suppressor genes (p53 (17p13) p16INK4 (9p21) and DBM (13q14)) in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia
    • Newcomb EW, Rao LS, Giknavorian SS et al (1995) Alterations of multiple tumor suppressor genes (p53 (17p13) p16INK4 (9p21) and DBM (13q14)) in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Mol Carcinog 14:141-146
    • (1995) Mol Carcinog , vol.14 , pp. 141-146
    • Newcomb, E.W.1    Rao, L.S.2    Giknavorian, S.S.3
  • 144
    • 0027443873 scopus 로고
    • Mutations of the p53 gene in B-cell lymphoma
    • Ichikawa A, Hotta T, Saito H (1993) Mutations of the p53 gene in B-cell lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 11:21-25
    • (1993) Leuk Lymphoma , vol.11 , pp. 21-25
    • Ichikawa, A.1    Hotta, T.2    Saito, H.3
  • 145
    • 0026561988 scopus 로고
    • Mutations of the p53 gene in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: A report on 39 cases with cytogenetic analysis
    • Fenaux P, Preudhomme C, Lai JL et al (1992) Mutations of the p53 gene in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a report on 39 cases with cytogenetic analysis. Leukemia 6:246-250
    • (1992) Leukemia , vol.6 , pp. 246-250
    • Fenaux, P.1    Preudhomme, C.2    Lai, J.L.3
  • 146
    • 0026649648 scopus 로고
    • The mdm-2 oncogene product forms a complex with the p53 protein and inhibits p53-mediated transactivation. Overlap of the p53-responsive element and cAMP-responsive element in the enhancer of human T-cell leukemia virus type I
    • Momand J, Zambetti GP, Olson DC et al (1992) The mdm-2 oncogene product forms a complex with the p53 protein and inhibits p53-mediated transactivation. Overlap of the p53-responsive element and cAMP-responsive element in the enhancer of human T-cell leukemia virus type I. Cell 69:1237-1245
    • (1992) Cell , vol.69 , pp. 1237-1245
    • Momand, J.1    Zambetti, G.P.2    Olson, D.C.3
  • 147
    • 0029590161 scopus 로고
    • MDM2 transformation in the absence of p53 and abrogation of the p107 G1 cell-cycle arrest
    • Dubs-Poterszman MC, Tocque B, Wasylyk B (1995) MDM2 transformation in the absence of p53 and abrogation of the p107 G1 cell-cycle arrest. Oncogene 11:2445-2449
    • (1995) Oncogene , vol.11 , pp. 2445-2449
    • Dubs-Poterszman, M.C.1    Tocque, B.2    Wasylyk, B.3
  • 148
    • 0028081261 scopus 로고
    • The MDM2 oncogene overexpression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and low-grade lymphoma of B-cell origin
    • Watanabe T, Hotta T, Ichikawa A et al (1994) The MDM2 oncogene overexpression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and low-grade lymphoma of B-cell origin. Blood 84:3158-3165
    • (1994) Blood , vol.84 , pp. 3158-3165
    • Watanabe, T.1    Hotta, T.2    Ichikawa, A.3
  • 149
    • 0029038529 scopus 로고
    • Overexpression of cyclin D2 in chronic B-cell malignancies
    • Delmer A, Ajchenbaum-Cymbalista F, Tang R et al (1995) Overexpression of cyclin D2 in chronic B-cell malignancies. Blood 85:2870-2876
    • (1995) Blood , vol.85 , pp. 2870-2876
    • Delmer, A.1    Ajchenbaum-Cymbalista, F.2    Tang, R.3
  • 151
    • 17544375691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Receptors for interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-6-type cytokines use similar signaling mechanisms for inducing transcription through IL-6 response elements
    • Lai C-F, Ripperger J, Morella KK et al (1996) Receptors for interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-6-type cytokines use similar signaling mechanisms for inducing transcription through IL-6 response elements. J Biol Chem 271:13968-13975
    • (1996) J Biol Chem , vol.271 , pp. 13968-13975
    • Lai, C.-F.1    Ripperger, J.2    Morella, K.K.3
  • 152
    • 0031436969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • B lymphocytes from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia contain signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 1 and STAT3 constitutively phosphorylated on serine residues
    • Frank DA, Mahajan S, Ritz J (1997) B lymphocytes from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia contain signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 1 and STAT3 constitutively phosphorylated on serine residues. J Clin Invest 100:3140-3148
    • (1997) J Clin Invest , vol.100 , pp. 3140-3148
    • Frank, D.A.1    Mahajan, S.2    Ritz, J.3
  • 153
    • 0037985941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of apoptosis by nucleoside analogs
    • Cheson B, Keating M, Plunkett W (eds) Marcell Dekker, New York
    • Huang P, Wright S (1997) Induction of apoptosis by nucleoside analogs. In: Nucleoside analogs in cancer therapy. Cheson B, Keating M, Plunkett W (eds) Marcell Dekker, New York, pp 37-73
    • (1997) Nucleoside Analogs in Cancer Therapy , pp. 37-73
    • Huang, P.1    Wright, S.2
  • 154
    • 0029951793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New perspectives on the approach to chronic lymphocytic leukemia
    • Goodman MG, Spinosa JC, Saven A et al (1996) New perspectives on the approach to chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 22:1-10
    • (1996) Leuk Lymphoma , vol.22 , pp. 1-10
    • Goodman, M.G.1    Spinosa, J.C.2    Saven, A.3
  • 155
    • 0027959644 scopus 로고
    • Loxoribine induces chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells to traverse the cell cycle
    • Goodman MG, Wormsley SB, Spinosa JC et al (1994) Loxoribine induces chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells to traverse the cell cycle. Blood 84:3457-3464
    • (1994) Blood , vol.84 , pp. 3457-3464
    • Goodman, M.G.1    Wormsley, S.B.2    Spinosa, J.C.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.