메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 72, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 338-345

Preferential transfer of 2-docosahexaenoyl-1-lysophosphatidylcholine through an in vitro blood-brain barrier over unesterified docosahexaenoic acid

Author keywords

2 Docosahexaenoyl 1 lysophosphatidylcholine; Blood brain barrier; Docosahexaenoic acid; Lipid permeability

Indexed keywords

ALBUMIN; DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID; FATTY ACID; LYSOPHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE; TRITIUM;

EID: 0032948007     PISSN: 00223042     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0720338.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (72)

References (50)
  • 1
    • 0027752937 scopus 로고
    • Platelet inhibitory functions of aortic endothelial cells. Effects of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids
    • Bénistant C., Achard F., Marcelon G., and Lagarde M. (1993) Platelet inhibitory functions of aortic endothelial cells. Effects of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids. Atherosclerosis 104, 27-35.
    • (1993) Atherosclerosis , vol.104 , pp. 27-35
    • Bénistant, C.1    Achard, F.2    Marcelon, G.3    Lagarde, M.4
  • 2
    • 0028862191 scopus 로고
    • Fatty acid composition of brain capillary endothelial cells: Effect of the culture with astrocytes
    • Bénistant C., Dehouck M. P., Fruchart J., Cecchelli R., and Lagarde M. (1995) Fatty acid composition of brain capillary endothelial cells: effect of the culture with astrocytes. J. Lipid Res. 36, 2311-2319.
    • (1995) J. Lipid Res. , vol.36 , pp. 2311-2319
    • Bénistant, C.1    Dehouck, M.P.2    Fruchart, J.3    Cecchelli, R.4    Lagarde, M.5
  • 3
    • 0028365348 scopus 로고
    • High-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of phospholipids from different sources with combined fluorescence and ultraviolet detection
    • Bernhard W., Linck M., Creutzburg H., Postle A. D., Arning A., and Martin-Carrera I. (1994) High-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of phospholipids from different sources with combined fluorescence and ultraviolet detection. Anal. Biochem. 220, 172-180.
    • (1994) Anal. Biochem. , vol.220 , pp. 172-180
    • Bernhard, W.1    Linck, M.2    Creutzburg, H.3    Postle, A.D.4    Arning, A.5    Martin-Carrera, I.6
  • 4
    • 33845261493 scopus 로고
    • A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification
    • Bligh E. G. and Dyer W. J. (1959) A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. Can. J. Biochem. Physiol. 37, 911-917.
    • (1959) Can. J. Biochem. Physiol. , vol.37 , pp. 911-917
    • Bligh, E.G.1    Dyer, W.J.2
  • 5
    • 0015447985 scopus 로고
    • Growth and cultivation of dissociated neurons and glial cells from embryonic chick, rat and human brain in flask culture
    • Booher J. and Sensenbrenner M. (1972) Growth and cultivation of dissociated neurons and glial cells from embryonic chick, rat and human brain in flask culture. Neurobiology 2, 97-105.
    • (1972) Neurobiology , vol.2 , pp. 97-105
    • Booher, J.1    Sensenbrenner, M.2
  • 6
    • 0028912790 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of subpopulations of lipoprotein particles isolated from human cerebrospinal fluid
    • Borghini I., Barja F., Pometta D., and James R. W. (1995) Characterization of subpopulations of lipoprotein particles isolated from human cerebrospinal fluid. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1255, 192-200.
    • (1995) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1255 , pp. 192-200
    • Borghini, I.1    Barja, F.2    Pometta, D.3    James, R.W.4
  • 7
    • 0021238259 scopus 로고
    • Alterations in the fatty acid composition of rat brain cells (neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes) and a subcellular fraction (myelin and synaptosomes) induced by diet devoid of n-3 fatty acids
    • Bourre J. M., Pascal G., Durand G., Masson M., Dumont O., and Piciotti M. (1984) Alterations in the fatty acid composition of rat brain cells (neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes) and a subcellular fraction (myelin and synaptosomes) induced by diet devoid of n-3 fatty acids. J. Neurochem. 43, 342-348.
    • (1984) J. Neurochem. , vol.43 , pp. 342-348
    • Bourre, J.M.1    Pascal, G.2    Durand, G.3    Masson, M.4    Dumont, O.5    Piciotti, M.6
  • 8
    • 0027199023 scopus 로고
    • Hepatic secretion of lysophosphatidylcholine: A novel transport system for polyunsaturated fatty acids and choline
    • Brindley D. N. (1993) Hepatic secretion of lysophosphatidylcholine: a novel transport system for polyunsaturated fatty acids and choline. J. Nutr. Biochem. 4, 442-449.
    • (1993) J. Nutr. Biochem. , vol.4 , pp. 442-449
    • Brindley, D.N.1
  • 10
    • 0017161742 scopus 로고
    • The long chain metabolites of linoleic and linolenic acids in liver and brain in herbivores and carnivores
    • Crawford M. A., Casperd N. M., and Sinclair A. J. (1976) The long chain metabolites of linoleic and linolenic acids in liver and brain in herbivores and carnivores. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 54, 395-401.
    • (1976) Comp. Biochem. Physiol. , vol.54 , pp. 395-401
    • Crawford, M.A.1    Casperd, N.M.2    Sinclair, A.J.3
  • 13
    • 0019303924 scopus 로고
    • The acylation of lysophosphatidylcholine by subcellular fractions of quinea-pig cerebral cortex
    • Fisher S. K. and Rowe C. E. (1980) The acylation of lysophosphatidylcholine by subcellular fractions of quinea-pig cerebral cortex. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 618, 231-241.
    • (1980) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.618 , pp. 231-241
    • Fisher, S.K.1    Rowe, C.E.2
  • 14
    • 70449158340 scopus 로고
    • A simple method for isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues
    • Folch J., Lees M., and Sloane-Stanley S. (1957) A simple method for isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. J. Biol. Chem. 226, 497-509.
    • (1957) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.226 , pp. 497-509
    • Folch, J.1    Lees, M.2    Sloane-Stanley, S.3
  • 15
    • 0029972759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The brain and the lymphatic system
    • Foldi M. (1996) The brain and the lymphatic system. Lymphology 29, 1-9.
    • (1996) Lymphology , vol.29 , pp. 1-9
    • Foldi, M.1
  • 16
    • 0028803849 scopus 로고
    • Immunoreactivity for apolipoprotein A-IV in tanycytes and astrocytes of rat brain
    • Fukagawa K., Knight D. S., Hamilton K. A., and Tso P. (1995) Immunoreactivity for apolipoprotein A-IV in tanycytes and astrocytes of rat brain. Neurosci. Lett. 199, 17-20.
    • (1995) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.199 , pp. 17-20
    • Fukagawa, K.1    Knight, D.S.2    Hamilton, K.A.3    Tso, P.4
  • 18
    • 0023854736 scopus 로고
    • Fatty acid specificity for the synthesis of triacylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine and for the secretion of very-low density lipoproteins and lysophosphatidylcholine by cultures of rat hepatocytes
    • Graham G., Zammit V. A., and Brindley D. N. (1988) Fatty acid specificity for the synthesis of triacylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine and for the secretion of very-low density lipoproteins and lysophosphatidylcholine by cultures of rat hepatocytes. Biochem. J. 249, 722-733.
    • (1988) Biochem. J. , vol.249 , pp. 722-733
    • Graham, G.1    Zammit, V.A.2    Brindley, D.N.3
  • 19
    • 0027143636 scopus 로고
    • Elongation, desaturation, and esterification of essential fatty acids by fetal rat brain in vivo
    • Green P. and Yavin E. (1993) Elongation, desaturation, and esterification of essential fatty acids by fetal rat brain in vivo. J. Lipid Res. 34, 2099-2107.
    • (1993) J. Lipid Res. , vol.34 , pp. 2099-2107
    • Green, P.1    Yavin, E.2
  • 21
    • 0026048644 scopus 로고
    • Essential fatty acids in growth and development
    • Innis S. M. (1991) Essential fatty acids in growth and development. Prog. Lipid Res. 30, 39-103.
    • (1991) Prog. Lipid Res. , vol.30 , pp. 39-103
    • Innis, S.M.1
  • 22
    • 0014516005 scopus 로고
    • Enthalpy change of binding lysolecithin to serum albumin
    • Klopfenstein W. E. (1969) Enthalpy change of binding lysolecithin to serum albumin. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 181, 323-325.
    • (1969) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.181 , pp. 323-325
    • Klopfenstein, W.E.1
  • 23
    • 0031050722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Albumin transfer across the choroid plexus of South American opossum (Monodelphis domestica)
    • Knott G. W., Dziegielewska K. M., Hadgood M. D., Li Z. S., and Saunders N. R. (1997) Albumin transfer across the choroid plexus of South American opossum (Monodelphis domestica). J. Physiol. (Lond.) 499, 179-194.
    • (1997) J. Physiol. (Lond.) , vol.499 , pp. 179-194
    • Knott, G.W.1    Dziegielewska, K.M.2    Hadgood, M.D.3    Li, Z.S.4    Saunders, N.R.5
  • 24
    • 0030601055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biochemical characterization of Alzeimer's soluble amyloid beta protein in human cerebrospinal fluid: Association with high density lipoproteins
    • Koudinov A. R., Koudinova N. V., Kumar A., Beavis R. C., and Ghiso J. (1996) Biochemical characterization of Alzeimer's soluble amyloid beta protein in human cerebrospinal fluid: association with high density lipoproteins. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 223, 592-597.
    • (1996) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. , vol.223 , pp. 592-597
    • Koudinov, A.R.1    Koudinova, N.V.2    Kumar, A.3    Beavis, R.C.4    Ghiso, J.5
  • 26
    • 0030024942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is dietary docosahexaenoic acid essential for term infants
    • Makrides M., Neumann M. A., and Gibson R. A. (1996) Is dietary docosahexaenoic acid essential for term infants. Lipids 31, 115-119.
    • (1996) Lipids , vol.31 , pp. 115-119
    • Makrides, M.1    Neumann, M.A.2    Gibson, R.A.3
  • 27
    • 0022475804 scopus 로고
    • Effects of dexamethasone and insulin on the synthesis of triacylglycerols and phosphatidylcholine and the secretion of very-low-density lipoproteins and lysophosphatidylcholine by monolayer cultures of rat hepatocytes
    • Mangiapane E. H. and Brindley D. N. (1986) Effects of dexamethasone and insulin on the synthesis of triacylglycerols and phosphatidylcholine and the secretion of very-low-density lipoproteins and lysophosphatidylcholine by monolayer cultures of rat hepatocytes. Biochem. J. 233, 151-160.
    • (1986) Biochem. J. , vol.233 , pp. 151-160
    • Mangiapane, E.H.1    Brindley, D.N.2
  • 29
    • 0025292736 scopus 로고
    • Role of the blood-brain barrier in the formation of long-chain ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids from essential fatty acid precursor
    • Moore S. A., Yoder E., and Spector A. A. (1990) Role of the blood-brain barrier in the formation of long-chain ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids from essential fatty acid precursor. J. Neurochem. 55, 391-402.
    • (1990) J. Neurochem. , vol.55 , pp. 391-402
    • Moore, S.A.1    Yoder, E.2    Spector, A.A.3
  • 30
    • 0026021804 scopus 로고
    • Astrocytes, not neurons, produce docosahexaenoic acid (22:6ω-3) and arachidonic acid (20:4ω-6)
    • Moore S. A., Yoder E., Murphy S., Dutton G. R., and Spector A. A. (1991) Astrocytes, not neurons, produce docosahexaenoic acid (22:6ω-3) and arachidonic acid (20:4ω-6). J. Neurochem. 56, 518-524.
    • (1991) J. Neurochem. , vol.56 , pp. 518-524
    • Moore, S.A.1    Yoder, E.2    Murphy, S.3    Dutton, G.R.4    Spector, A.A.5
  • 31
    • 0024358668 scopus 로고
    • Lysophosphatidylcholine as an intermediate in phosphatidylcholine metabolism and glycerophosphocholine synthesis in cultured cells: An evaluation of the roles of 1-acyl- and 2-acyl-lysophosphatidylcholine
    • Morash S. C., Cook H. W., and Spence M. W. (1989) Lysophosphatidylcholine as an intermediate in phosphatidylcholine metabolism and glycerophosphocholine synthesis in cultured cells: an evaluation of the roles of 1-acyl-and 2-acyl-lysophosphatidylcholine. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1004, 221-229.
    • (1989) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1004 , pp. 221-229
    • Morash, S.C.1    Cook, H.W.2    Spence, M.W.3
  • 32
    • 0029554320 scopus 로고
    • Apolipoprotein E gene expression in astrocytes: Developmental pattern and regulation
    • Mouchel Y., Lefrancois T., Fages C. and Tardy M. (1995) Apolipoprotein E gene expression in astrocytes: developmental pattern and regulation. Neuroreport 7, 205-208.
    • (1995) Neuroreport , vol.7 , pp. 205-208
    • Mouchel, Y.1    Lefrancois, T.2    Fages, C.3    Tardy, M.4
  • 33
    • 0022445141 scopus 로고
    • Biochemical and functional effects of prenatal and postnatal w-3 fatty acid deficiency on retina and brain in rhesus monkeys
    • Neuringer M., Connor W. E., Lin D. S., Barstad L., and Luck S. (1986) Biochemical and functional effects of prenatal and postnatal w-3 fatty acid deficiency on retina and brain in rhesus monkeys. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83, 4021-4025.
    • (1986) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.83 , pp. 4021-4025
    • Neuringer, M.1    Connor, W.E.2    Lin, D.S.3    Barstad, L.4    Luck, S.5
  • 34
    • 0024147741 scopus 로고
    • The essentiality of n-3 fatty acids for the development and function of the retina and brain
    • Neuringer M., Anderson G. J., and Connor W. E. (1988) The essentiality of n-3 fatty acids for the development and function of the retina and brain. Annu. Rev. Nutr. 8, 517-541.
    • (1988) Annu. Rev. Nutr. , vol.8 , pp. 517-541
    • Neuringer, M.1    Anderson, G.J.2    Connor, W.E.3
  • 35
    • 0012070220 scopus 로고
    • Overview of BBB transport biology and experimental methodologies
    • Pardridge W. M., ed, Raven Press, New York
    • Pardridge W. M. (1991) Overview of BBB transport biology and experimental methodologies, in Peptide Drug Delivery to the Brain (Pardridge W. M., ed), pp. 99-122. Raven Press, New York.
    • (1991) Peptide Drug Delivery to the Brain , pp. 99-122
    • Pardridge, W.M.1
  • 36
    • 0028950667 scopus 로고
    • Astrocytes synthesize and secrete the lipophilic ligand carrier apolipoprotein D
    • Patel S. C., Asotra K., Patel Y. C., McConathy W. J., Patel R. C., and Suresh S. (1995) Astrocytes synthesize and secrete the lipophilic ligand carrier apolipoprotein D. Neuroreport 6, 653-657.
    • (1995) Neuroreport , vol.6 , pp. 653-657
    • Patel, S.C.1    Asotra, K.2    Patel, Y.C.3    McConathy, W.J.4    Patel, R.C.5    Suresh, S.6
  • 37
    • 0029866221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Essential fatty acid uptake and metabolism in the developing rodent brain
    • Pawloski R. J., Ward G., and Salem N. Jr. (1996) Essential fatty acid uptake and metabolism in the developing rodent brain. Lipids 31, 103-107.
    • (1996) Lipids , vol.31 , pp. 103-107
    • Pawloski, R.J.1    Ward, G.2    Salem N., Jr.3
  • 38
    • 0023080585 scopus 로고
    • Astrocytes synthesize apolipoprotein E and metabolize apolipoprotein E-containing lipoproteins
    • Pitas R. E., Boyles J. K., Lee S. H., Foss D., and Mahley R. W. (1987a) Astrocytes synthesize apolipoprotein E and metabolize apolipoprotein E-containing lipoproteins. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 917, 148-161.
    • (1987) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.917 , pp. 148-161
    • Pitas, R.E.1    Boyles, J.K.2    Lee, S.H.3    Foss, D.4    Mahley, R.W.5
  • 39
    • 0023280054 scopus 로고
    • Lipoproteins and their receptors in the cerebral nervous system. Characterization of the lipoprotein in cerebrospinal fluid and identification of apolipoprotein B, E (LDL) receptors in the brain
    • Pitas R. E., Boyles J. K., Lee S. H., Hui D., and Weisgraber K. H. (1987b) Lipoproteins and their receptors in the cerebral nervous system. Characterization of the lipoprotein in cerebrospinal fluid and identification of apolipoprotein B, E (LDL) receptors in the brain. J. Biol. Chem. 262, 14352-14360.
    • (1987) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.262 , pp. 14352-14360
    • Pitas, R.E.1    Boyles, J.K.2    Lee, S.H.3    Hui, D.4    Weisgraber, K.H.5
  • 40
    • 0031012857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypoxia dramatically increases the nonspecific transport of blood-borne proteins to the brain
    • Plateel M., Teissier E., and Cecchelli R. (1997) Hypoxia dramatically increases the nonspecific transport of blood-borne proteins to the brain. J. Neurochem. 68, 874-877.
    • (1997) J. Neurochem. , vol.68 , pp. 874-877
    • Plateel, M.1    Teissier, E.2    Cecchelli, R.3
  • 41
    • 0002006158 scopus 로고
    • Docosahexaenoic acid membrane function and metabolism
    • Simopoulos A. P., Kifer R. R., and Martin R., eds, Academic Press, Orlando
    • Salem N. Jr., Kim H. Y., and Yergey J. A. (1986) Docosahexaenoic acid membrane function and metabolism, in Health Effects of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid in Seafoods (Simopoulos A. P., Kifer R. R., and Martin R., eds), pp. 263-317. Academic Press, Orlando.
    • (1986) Health Effects of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid in Seafoods , pp. 263-317
    • Salem N., Jr.1    Kim, H.Y.2    Yergey, J.A.3
  • 42
    • 0039369595 scopus 로고
    • Membrane docosahexaenoate is supplied to the developing brain and retina by the liver
    • Scott B. L. and Bazan N. G. (1989) Membrane docosahexaenoate is supplied to the developing brain and retina by the liver. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86, 2903-2907.
    • (1989) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.86 , pp. 2903-2907
    • Scott, B.L.1    Bazan, N.G.2
  • 43
    • 0028051474 scopus 로고
    • Role of sn-2 acyl group of phosphatidylcholine in determining the positional specificity of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase
    • Subbaiah P. V., Liu M., and Paltauf F. (1994) Role of sn-2 acyl group of phosphatidylcholine in determining the positional specificity of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase. Biochemistry 33, 13259-13266.
    • (1994) Biochemistry , vol.33 , pp. 13259-13266
    • Subbaiah, P.V.1    Liu, M.2    Paltauf, F.3
  • 44
    • 0026699797 scopus 로고
    • Unsaturated fatty acids esterified in 2-acyl-1-lysophosphatidylcholine bound to albumin are more efficiently taken up by the young rat brain than the unesterified form
    • Thiès F., Delachambre M. C., Bentejac M., Lagarde M., and Lecerf J. (1992) Unsaturated fatty acids esterified in 2-acyl-1-lysophosphatidylcholine bound to albumin are more efficiently taken up by the young rat brain than the unesterified form. J. Neurochem. 59, 1110-1116.
    • (1992) J. Neurochem. , vol.59 , pp. 1110-1116
    • Thiès, F.1    Delachambre, M.C.2    Bentejac, M.3    Lagarde, M.4    Lecerf, J.5
  • 45
    • 0028139467 scopus 로고
    • Preferential incorporation of sn-2 lysoPC-DHA over unesterified DHA in the young rat brain
    • Thiès F., Pillon C. Molière P., Lagarde M., and Lecerf J. (1994) Preferential incorporation of sn-2 lysoPC-DHA over unesterified DHA in the young rat brain. Am. J. Physiol. 267, R1273-R1279.
    • (1994) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.267
    • Thiès, F.1    Pillon, C.2    Molière, P.3    Lagarde, M.4    Lecerf, J.5
  • 46
    • 0025962015 scopus 로고
    • The role of n-3 essential fatty acids in brain and behavioural development: A cross-fostering study in the mouse
    • Wainwright P. E., Huang Y. S., Bulman-Fleming B., Mills D. E., Redden P., and McCutcheon D. (1991) The role of n-3 essential fatty acids in brain and behavioural development: a cross-fostering study in the mouse. Lipids 26, 37-45.
    • (1991) Lipids , vol.26 , pp. 37-45
    • Wainwright, P.E.1    Huang, Y.S.2    Bulman-Fleming, B.3    Mills, D.E.4    Redden, P.5    McCutcheon, D.6
  • 47
    • 0029188683 scopus 로고
    • Amyloid beta-protein precursor and apolipoprotein E production in cultured cerebral endothelial cells isolated from brain of patients with neurodegenerative disorders at autopsy
    • Wells J. M., Amaratunga A., McKenna D. C., Abraham C. R., and Fine R. E. (1995) Amyloid beta-protein precursor and apolipoprotein E production in cultured cerebral endothelial cells isolated from brain of patients with neurodegenerative disorders at autopsy. Amyloid Int. J. Exp. Clin. Invest. 2, 229-233.
    • (1995) Amyloid Int. J. Exp. Clin. Invest. , vol.2 , pp. 229-233
    • Wells, J.M.1    Amaratunga, A.2    McKenna, D.C.3    Abraham, C.R.4    Fine, R.E.5
  • 48
    • 0030063612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial of visual attention of preterm infants fed docosahexaenoic acid until nine months
    • Werkman S. H. and Carlson E. (1996) A randomized trial of visual attention of preterm infants fed docosahexaenoic acid until nine months. Lipids 31, 91-97.
    • (1996) Lipids , vol.31 , pp. 91-97
    • Werkman, S.H.1    Carlson, E.2
  • 49
    • 0032549176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lysophosphatidylcholine stimulates the release of arachidonic acid in human endothelial cells
    • Wong J. T., Trang K., Pierce G. N., Chan A. C., Karmin O., and Choy P. C. (1998) Lysophosphatidylcholine stimulates the release of arachidonic acid in human endothelial cells. J. Biol. Chem. 273, 6830-6836.
    • (1998) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.273 , pp. 6830-6836
    • Wong, J.T.1    Trang, K.2    Pierce, G.N.3    Chan, A.C.4    Karmin, O.5    Choy, P.C.6
  • 50
    • 0023098559 scopus 로고
    • Effect of dietary α-linolenate/linoleate balance on brain lipid compositions and learning ability of rats
    • Yamamoto N., Saitoh M., Moriuchi A., Nomura M., and Okuyama H. (1987) Effect of dietary α-linolenate/linoleate balance on brain lipid compositions and learning ability of rats. J. Lipid Res. 28, 144-151.
    • (1987) J. Lipid Res. , vol.28 , pp. 144-151
    • Yamamoto, N.1    Saitoh, M.2    Moriuchi, A.3    Nomura, M.4    Okuyama, H.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.