The tumor suppressor p53 and its response gene p21(WAF1/Cip1) are not markers of neuronal death following transient global cerebral ischemia

Neuroscience

Volumn 90, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 781-792

  Tomasevic, G ^a   Kamme, F ^a   Stubberod P ^a   Wieloch, M ^a   Wieloch, T ^a  

^a LUND UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Hippocampus; Hypothermia; Immunohistochemistry; In situ hybridization; p53; Rat

Indexed keywords

MESSENGER RNA; PROTEIN P21; PROTEIN P53;

ANIMAL CELL; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANIMAL TISSUE; APOPTOSIS; ARTICLE; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CONTROLLED STUDY; FOREBRAIN; HYPOTHERMIA; MALE; NERVE CELL NECROSIS; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RAT; TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENE;

ANIMALS; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; BLOTTING, NORTHERN; CELL DEATH; CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE INHIBITOR P21; CYCLINS; DNA, COMPLEMENTARY; GENE EXPRESSION; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; ISCHEMIC ATTACK, TRANSIENT; MALE; NEURONS; RATS; RATS, WISTAR; RNA, MESSENGER; TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEIN P53;

EID: 0032893772     PISSN: 03064522     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0306-4522(98)00484-9     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. Auer R. N., Olsson Y., Siesjo B. K. Hypoglicemic brain injury in the rat. Correlation of density of brain damage with the EEG isoelectric time: a quantitative study. Diabetes. 33:1984;1090-1098.
2. Barak Y., Juven T., Haffner R., Oren M. mdm2 expression is induced by wild type p53 activity. Eur. molec. Biol. Org. J. 12:1993;461-468.
3. Bergstedt K., Hu B. R., Wieloch T. Postischaemic changes in protein synthesis in the rat brain: effects of hypothermia. Expl Brain Res. 95:1993;91-99.
4. Boris-Möller F., Smith M.-L., Siesjö B. K. Effects of hypothermia on ischemic brain damge: a comparision between preischemic and postischemic cooling. Neurosci. Res. Commun. 5:1989;87-94.
5. Borovitskaya A. E., Evtushenko V. I., Sabol S. L. Gamma-radiation-induced cell death in the fetal rat brain possesses molecular characteristics of apoptosis and is associated with specific messenger RNA elevations. Molec. Brain Res. 35:1996;19-30.
6. Busto R., Dietrich W. D., Globus M. Y., Valdes I., Scheinberg P., Ginsberg M. D. Small differences in intraischemic brain temperature critically determine the extent of ischemic neuronal injury. J. cerebr. Blood Flow Metab. 7:1987;729-738.
7. Busto R., Globus M. Y., Dietrich W. D., Martinez E., Valdes I., Ginsberg M. D. Effect of mild hypothermia on ischemia-induced release of neurotransmitters and free fatty acids in rat brain. Stroke. 20:1989;904-910.
8. Chen J., Jackson P. K., Kirschner M. W., Dutta A. Separate domains of p21 involved in the inhibition of Cdk kinase and PCNA. Nature. 374:1995;386-388.
9. Chen J., Jin K., Chen M., Pei W., Kawaguchi K., Greenberg D. A., Simon R. P. Early detection of DNA strand breaks in the brain after transient focal ischemia: implications for the role of DNA damage in apoptosis and neuronal cell death. J. Neurochem. 69:1997;232-245.
10. Chomczynski P., Sacchi N. Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction. Analyt. Biochem. 162:1987;156-159.
11. Crumrine R. C., Thomas A. L., Morgan P. F. Attenuation of p53 expression protects against focal ischemic damage in transgenic mice. J. cerebr. Blood Flow Metab. 14:1994;887-891.
12. Deshpande J., Bergstedt K., Linden T., Kalimo H., Wieloch T. Ultrastructural changes in the hippocampal CA1 region following transient cerebral ischemia: evidence against programmed cell death. Expl Brain Res. 88:1992;91-105.
13. Di Leonardo A., Linke S. P., Clarkin K., Wahl G. M. DNA damage triggers a prolonged p53-dependent G1 arrest and long-term induction of Cip1 in normal human fibroblasts. Genes Dev. 8:1994;2540-2551.
14. el Deiry W. S., Harper J. W., O'Connor P. M., Velculescu V. E., Canman C. E., Jackman J., Pietenpol J. A., Burrell M., Hill D. E., Wang Y.et al. WAF1/CIP1 is induced in p53-mediated G1 arrest and apoptosis. Cancer Res. 54:1994;1169-1174.
15. el Deiry W. S., Tokino T., Velculescu V. E., Levy D. B., Parsons R., Trent J. M., Lin D., Mercer W. E., Kinzler K. W., Vogelstein B. WAF1, a potential mediator of p53 tumor suppression. Cell. 75:1993;817-825.
16. Fiscella M., Zhang H., Fan S., Sakaguchi K., Shen S., Mercer W. E., Vande Woude G. F., O'Connor P. M., Appella E. Wip1, a novel human protein phosphatase that is induced in response to ionizing radiation in a p53-dependent manner. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94:1997;6048-6053.
17. Fritsche M., Haessler C., Brandner G. Induction of nuclear accumulation of the tumor-suppressor protein p53 by DNA-damaging agents. Oncogene. 8:1993;307-318.
18. Gannon J. V., Greaves R., Iggo R., Lane D. P. Activating mutations in p53 produce a common conformational effect. A monoclonal antibody specific for the mutant form. Eur. molec. Biol. Org. J. 9:1990;1595-1602.
19. Hara H., Fink K., Endres M., Friedlander R. M., Gagliardini V., Yuan J., Moskowitz M. A. Attenuation of transient focal cerebral ischemic injury in transgenic mice expressing a mutant ICE inhibitory protein. J. cerebr. Blood Flow Metab. 17:1997;370-375.
20. Imam S. A., Young L., Chaiwun B., Taylor C. R. Comparison of two microwave based antigen-retrieval solutions in unmasking epitopes in formalin-fixed tissue for immunostaining. Anticancer Res. 15:1995;1153-1158.
21. Israeli D., Tessler E., Haupt Y., Elkeles A., Wilder S., Amson R., Telerman A., Oren M. A novel p53-inducible gene, PAG608, encodes a nuclear zinc finger protein whose overexpression promotes apoptosis. Eur. molec. Biol. Org. J. 16:1997;4384-4392.
22. Jordan J., Galindo M. F., Prehn J. H., Weichselbaum R. R., Beckett M., Ghadge G. D., Roos R. P., Leiden J. M., Miller R. J. p53 expression induces apoptosis in hippocampal pyramidal neuron cultures. J. Neurosci. 17:1997;1397-1405.
23. Kamme F., Campbell K., Wieloch T. Biphasic expression of the fos and jun families of transcription factors following transient forebrain ischaemia in the rat. Effect of hypothermia. Eur. J. Neurosci. 7:1995;2007-2016.
24. Kastan M. B., Zhan Q., el Deiry W. S., Carrier F., Jacks T., Walsh W. V., Plunkett B. S., Vogelstein B., Fornace A. J. Jr. A mammalian cell cycle checkpoint pathway utilizing p53 and GADD45 is defective in ataxia-telangiectasia. Cell. 71:1992;587-597.
25. Kil H. Y., Zhang J., Piantadosi C. A. Brain temperature alters hydroxyl radical production during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in rats. J. cerebr. Blood Flow Metab. 16:1996;100-106.
26. Lane D. P. Cancer. p53, guardian of the genome. Nature. 358:1992;15-16.
27. Li R., Waga S., Hannon G. J., Beach D., Stillman B. Differential effects by the p21 CDK inhibitor on PCNA-dependent DNA replication and repair. Nature. 371:1994;534-537.
28. Li Y., Chopp M., Powers C. Granule cell apoptosis and protein expression in hippocampal dentate gyrus after forebrain ischemia in the rat. J. neurol. Sci. 150:1997;93-102.
29. Li Y., Chopp M., Powers C., Jiang N. Apoptosis and protein expression after focal cerebral ischemia in rat. Brain Res. 765:1997;301-312.
30. Li Y., Chopp M., Zhang Z. G., Zaloga C., Niewenhuis L., Gautam S. p53-immunoreactive protein and p53 mRNA expression after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. Stroke. 25:1994;849-855.
31. Liu P. K., Hsu C. Y., Dizdaroglu M., Floyd R. A., Kow Y. W., Karakaia A., Rabow L. E., Cui J. K. Damage, repair, and mutagenesis in nuclear genes after mouse forebrain ischemia-reperfusion. J. Neurosci. 16:1996;6795-6806.
32. Lu X., Lane D. P. Differential induction of transcriptionally active p53 following UV or ionizing radiation: defects in chromosome instability syndromes? Cell. 75:1993;765-778.
33. MacManus J. P., Buchan A. M., Hill I. E., Rasquinha I., Preston E. Global ischemia can cause DNA fragmentation indicative of apoptosis in rat brain. Neurosci. Lett. 164:1993;89-92.
34. MacManus J. P., Hill I. E., Preston E., Rasquinha I., Walker T., Buchan A. M. Differences in DNA fragmentation following transient cerebral or decapitation ischemia in rats. J. cerebr. Blood Flow Metab. 15:1995;728-737.
35. Martinez J. D., Pennington M. E., Craven M. T., Warters R. L., Cress A. E. Free radicals generated by ionizing radiation signal nuclear translocation of p53. Cell Growth Differ. 8:1997;941-949.
36. Martinou J. C., Dubois-Dauphin M., Staple J. K., Rodriguez I., Frankowski H., Missotten M., Albertini P., Talabot D., Catsicas S., Pietra C.et al. Overexpression of BCL-2 in transgenic mice protects neurons from naturally occurring cell death and experimental ischemia. Neuron. 13:1994;1017-1030.
37. McDonald E. R. R., Wu G. S., Waldman T., El Deiry W. S. Repair defect in p21 WAF1/CIP1-/- human cancer cells. Cancer Res. 56:1996;2250-2255.
38. Michieli P., Chedid M., Lin D., Pierce J. H., Mercer W. E., Givol D. Induction of WAF1/CIP1 by a p53-independent pathway. Cancer Res. 54:1994;3391-3395.
39. Morris G. F., Bischoff J. R., Mathews M. B. Transcriptional activation of the human proliferating-cell nuclear antigen promoter by p53. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93:1996;895-899.
40. Morrison R. S., Wenzel H. J., Kinoshita Y., Robbins C. A., Donehower L. A., Schwartzkroin P. A. Loss of the p53 tumor suppressor gene protects neurons from kainate-induced cell death. J. Neurosci. 16:1996;1337-1345.
41. Nitatori T., Sato N., Waguri S., Karasawa Y., Araki H., Shibanai K., Kominami E., Uchiyama Y. Delayed neuronal death in the CA1 pyramidal cell laier of the gerbil hippocampus following transient ischemia is apoptosis. J. Neurosci. 15:1995;1001-1011.
42. Park D. S., Levine B., Ferrari G., Greene L. A. Cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors and dominant negative cyclin dependent kinase 4 and 6 promote survival of NGF-deprived sympathetic neurons. J. Neurosci. 17:1997;8975-8983.
43. Park D. S., Morris E. J., Stefanis L., Troy C. M., Shelanski M. L., Geller H. M., Greene L. A. Multiple pathways of neuronal death induced by DNA-damaging agents. NGF deprivation, and oxidative stress. J. Neurosci. 18:1998;830-840.
44. Petito C. K., Torres-Munoz J., Roberts B., Olarte J. P., Nowak T. S. Jr., Pulsinelli W. A. DNA fragmentation follows delayed neuronal death in CA1 neurons exposed to transient global ischemia in the rat. J. cerebr. Blood Flow Metab. 17:1997;967-976.
45. Piantadosi C. A., Zhang J. Mitochondrial generation of reactive oxygen species after brain ischemia in the rat. Stroke. 27:1996;327-331.
46. Sakhi S., Bruce A., Sun N., Tocco G., Baudry M., Schreiber S. S. p53 induction is associated with neuronal damage in the central nervous system. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91:1994;7525-7529.
47. Sakhi S., Sun N., Wing L. L., Mehta P., Schreiber S. S. Nuclear accumulation of p53 protein following kainic acid-induced seizures. NeuroReport. 7:1996;493-496.
48. Schreiber S. S., Sakhi S., Dugich Djordjevic M. M., Nichols N. R. Tumor suppressor p53 induction and DNA damage in hippocampal granule cells after adrenalectomy. Expl Neurol. 130:1994;368-376.
49. Sloviter R. S., Nilaver G. Immunocytochemical localization of GABA-, cholecystokinin-, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-, and somatostatin-like immunoreactivity in the area dentata and hippocampus of the rat. J. comp. Neurol. 256:1987;42-60.
50. Smith M. L., Bendek G., Dahlgren N., Rosen I., Wieloch T., Siesjo B. K. Models for studying long-term recovery following forebrain ischemia in the rat. 2. A 2-vessel occlusion model. Acta neurol. scand. 69:1984;385-401.
51. Soussi T., Caron de Fromentel C., Breugnot C., May E. Nucleotide sequence of a cDNA encoding the rat p53 nuclear oncoprotein. Nucleic Acids Res. 16:1988;11384.
52. Stephen C. W., Lane D. P. Mutant conformation of p53. Precise epitope mapping using a filamentous phage epitope library. J. molec. Biol. 225:1992;577-583.
53. Taylor C. R., Shi S. R., Chaiwun B., Young L., Imam S. A., Cote R. J. Strategies for improving the immunohistochemical staining of various intranuclear prognostic markers in formalin-paraffin sections: androgen receptor, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, p53 protein, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and Ki-67 antigen revealed by antigen retrieval techniques. Hum. Pathol. 25:1994;263-270.
54. Tishler R. B., Calderwood S. K., Coleman C. N., Price B. D. Increases in sequence specific DNA binding by p53 following treatment with chemotherapeutic and DNA damaging agents. Cancer Res. 53:1993;2212-2216.
55. van Lookeren Campagne M., Gill R. Cell cycle-related gene expression in the adult rat brain: selective induction of cyclin G1 and p21WAF1/CIP1 in neurons following focal cerebral ischemia. Neuroscience. 84:1998;1097-1112.
56. Varmeh-Ziaie S., Okan I., Wang Y., Magnusson K. P., Warthoe P., Strauss M., Wiman K. G. Wig-1, a new p53-induced gene encoding a zinc finger protein. Oncogene. 15:1997;2699-2704.
57. Xiang H., Hochman D. W., Saya H., Fujiwara T., Schwartzkroin P. A., Morrison R. S. Evidence for p53-mediated modulation of neuronal viability. J. Neurosci. 16:1996;6753-6765.
58. Xiang H., Kinoshita Y., Knudson C. M., Korsmeyer S. J., Schwartzkroin P. A., Morrison R. S. Bax involvement in p53-mediated neuronal cell death. J. Neurosci. 18:1998;1363-1373.
59. Yonish Rouach E., Resnitzky D., Lotem J., Sachs L., Kimchi A., Oren M. Wild-type p53 induces apoptosis of myeloid leukaemic cells that is inhibited by interleukin-6. Nature. 352:1991;345-347.