메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 58, Issue 9, 1999, Pages 1010-1019

Distribution of active glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) in brains staged for Alzheimer disease neurofibrillary changes

Author keywords

Alzheimer disease; Glycogen synthase kinase 3 ; Neurofibrillary changes

Indexed keywords

CASEIN KINASE; TAU PROTEIN;

EID: 0032850599     PISSN: 00223069     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00005072-199909000-00011     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (450)

References (55)
  • 1
    • 0025863618 scopus 로고
    • Neuropathological staging of Alzheimer related changes
    • Braak H, Braak E. Neuropathological staging of Alzheimer related changes. Acta Neuropathol 1991;82:239-59
    • (1991) Acta Neuropathol , vol.82 , pp. 239-259
    • Braak, H.1    Braak, E.2
  • 2
    • 0022595501 scopus 로고
    • Occurrence of neuropil threads in the senile human brain and in Alzheimer's disease: A third location of paired helical filaments outside of neurofibrillary tangles and neuritic plaques
    • Braak H, Braak E, Grundke-Iqbal I, Iqbal K. Occurrence of neuropil threads in the senile human brain and in Alzheimer's disease: A third location of paired helical filaments outside of neurofibrillary tangles and neuritic plaques. Neurosci Lett 1986;65:351-55
    • (1986) Neurosci Lett , vol.65 , pp. 351-355
    • Braak, H.1    Braak, E.2    Grundke-Iqbal, I.3    Iqbal, K.4
  • 5
    • 0022550260 scopus 로고
    • Defective brain microtubule assembly in Alzheimer disease
    • Iqbal K, Grundke-Iqbal I, Zaidi T, et al. Defective brain microtubule assembly in Alzheimer disease. Lancet 1986;2:421-26
    • (1986) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 421-426
    • Iqbal, K.1    Grundke-Iqbal, I.2    Zaidi, T.3
  • 7
    • 0014851803 scopus 로고
    • Observations on the brains of demented old people
    • Tomlinson BE, Blesses G, Roth M. Observations on the brains of demented old people. J Neurol Sci 1970;11:205-42
    • (1970) J Neurol Sci , vol.11 , pp. 205-242
    • Tomlinson, B.E.1    Blesses, G.2    Roth, M.3
  • 8
    • 0023200370 scopus 로고
    • Histopathological criteria for progressive dementia disorders: Clinicalpathological correlation and classification by multivariate data analysis
    • Alafuzoff I, Iqbal K, Friden H, Adolfsson R, Winblad B. Histopathological criteria for progressive dementia disorders: clinicalpathological correlation and classification by multivariate data analysis. Acta Neuropath 1987;74:209-25
    • (1987) Acta Neuropath , vol.74 , pp. 209-225
    • Alafuzoff, I.1    Iqbal, K.2    Friden, H.3    Adolfsson, R.4    Winblad, B.5
  • 9
    • 0026512066 scopus 로고
    • Identification of normal and pathological aging in prospectively studied non-demented elderly humans
    • Dickson DW, Crystal HA, Mattiace LA, et al. Identification of normal and pathological aging in prospectively studied non-demented elderly humans. Neurobiol Aging 1991;13:179-89
    • (1991) Neurobiol Aging , vol.13 , pp. 179-189
    • Dickson, D.W.1    Crystal, H.A.2    Mattiace, L.A.3
  • 10
    • 0026740795 scopus 로고
    • Neurofibrillary tangles but not senile plaques parallel duration and severity of Alzheimer's disease
    • Arriagada PV, Growdon JH, Hedley-Whyte ET, Hyman BY. Neurofibrillary tangles but not senile plaques parallel duration and severity of Alzheimer's disease. Neurology 1992;42:631-39
    • (1992) Neurology , vol.42 , pp. 631-639
    • Arriagada, P.V.1    Growdon, J.H.2    Hedley-Whyte, E.T.3    Hyman, B.Y.4
  • 11
    • 0027218432 scopus 로고
    • Progression in Alzheimer's disease: Sequencing of neuropsychological decline
    • Almkvist O, Backman L. Progression in Alzheimer's disease: Sequencing of neuropsychological decline. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 1993;8:755-63
    • (1993) Int J Geriatr Psychiatry , vol.8 , pp. 755-763
    • Almkvist, O.1    Backman, L.2
  • 13
    • 0031964036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between plaques, tangles, and loss of cortical cholinergic fibers in Alzheimer disease
    • Geula C, Mesulam M-M, Saroff DM, Wu C-K. Relationship between plaques, tangles, and loss of cortical cholinergic fibers in Alzheimer disease. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1998;57:63-75
    • (1998) J Neuropathol Exp Neurol , vol.57 , pp. 63-75
    • Geula, C.1    Mesulam, M.-M.2    Saroff, D.M.3    Wu, C.-K.4
  • 14
    • 0026731425 scopus 로고
    • Tau protein kinase I converts normal tau protein into A68 like component of paired helical filaments
    • Ishiguro K, Takamatsu M, Tomizawa K, et al. Tau protein kinase I converts normal tau protein into A68 like component of paired helical filaments. J Biol Chem 1992;267:10897-901
    • (1992) J Biol Chem , vol.267 , pp. 10897-10901
    • Ishiguro, K.1    Takamatsu, M.2    Tomizawa, K.3
  • 15
    • 0026619584 scopus 로고
    • Glycogen synthase kinase-3 and the Alzheimer-like state of microtubule-associate protein tau
    • Mandelkow E-M, Drewes G, Biernat J, et al. Glycogen synthase kinase-3 and the Alzheimer-like state of microtubule-associate protein tau. FEBS Lett 1992;314:315-21
    • (1992) FEBS Lett , vol.314 , pp. 315-321
    • Mandelkow, E.-M.1    Drewes, G.2    Biernat, J.3
  • 16
    • 0026549985 scopus 로고
    • Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase transforms tau protein into an Alzheimer-like state
    • Drewes G, Lichtenberg-Kraag B, Doering F. Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase transforms tau protein into an Alzheimer-like state. EMBO J 1992;6:2132-38
    • (1992) EMBO J , vol.6 , pp. 2132-2138
    • Drewes, G.1    Lichtenberg-Kraag, B.2    Doering, F.3
  • 17
    • 0026694067 scopus 로고
    • Implication of brain cdc2 and MAP2 kinases in the phosphorylation of tau protein in Alzheimer's disease
    • Ledesma MD, Correas I, Avila J, Diaz-Nido J. Implication of brain cdc2 and MAP2 kinases in the phosphorylation of tau protein in Alzheimer's disease. FEBS Lett 1992;308:218-24
    • (1992) FEBS Lett , vol.308 , pp. 218-224
    • Ledesma, M.D.1    Correas, I.2    Avila, J.3    Diaz-Nido, J.4
  • 18
    • 0031052339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potentiation of GSK-3-catalysed Alzheimer-like phosphorylation of human tau by cdk5
    • Sengupta A, Wu Q, Grundke-Iqbal I, Iqbak K, Singh TJ. Potentiation of GSK-3-catalysed Alzheimer-like phosphorylation of human tau by cdk5. Mol Cell Biochem 1997;167:99-105
    • (1997) Mol Cell Biochem , vol.167 , pp. 99-105
    • Sengupta, A.1    Wu, Q.2    Grundke-Iqbal, I.3    Iqbak, K.4    Singh, T.J.5
  • 19
    • 0032578024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accumulation of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (cdk5) in neurons with early stages of Alzheimer's disease neurofibrillary degeneration
    • Pei J-J, Grundke-Iqbal I, Iqbal K, Bogdanovic N, Winblad B, Cowburn RF. Accumulation of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (cdk5) in neurons with early stages of Alzheimer's disease neurofibrillary degeneration. Brain Res 1998;797:267-77
    • (1998) Brain Res , vol.797 , pp. 267-277
    • Pei, J.-J.1    Grundke-Iqbal, I.2    Iqbal, K.3    Bogdanovic, N.4    Winblad, B.5    Cowburn, R.F.6
  • 20
    • 0020134901 scopus 로고
    • Separation and characterization of glycogen synthase kinase-3, glycogen synthase kinase-4 and glycogen synthase kinase-5 from rabbit skeletal muscle
    • Cohen P, Yellowlees D, Aitken A, Donella-Deana A, Hemmings BA, Parker PJ. Separation and characterization of glycogen synthase kinase-3, glycogen synthase kinase-4 and glycogen synthase kinase-5 from rabbit skeletal muscle. Eur J Biochem 1982;124:21-35
    • (1982) Eur J Biochem , vol.124 , pp. 21-35
    • Cohen, P.1    Yellowlees, D.2    Aitken, A.3    Donella-Deana, A.4    Hemmings, B.A.5    Parker, P.J.6
  • 21
    • 0030841793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PDK1. One of the missing links in insulin signal transduction?
    • Cohen P, Alessi DR, Cross DAE. PDK1. One of the missing links in insulin signal transduction? FEBS Lett 1997;410:3-10
    • (1997) FEBS Lett , vol.410 , pp. 3-10
    • Cohen, P.1    Alessi, D.R.2    Cross, D.A.E.3
  • 22
    • 0027960448 scopus 로고
    • Mitogen inactivation of glycogen synthase kinase-3 β in intact cells via serine 9 phosphorylation
    • Stambolic V, Woodgett JR. Mitogen inactivation of glycogen synthase kinase-3 β in intact cells via serine 9 phosphorylation. Biochem J 1994;303:701-4
    • (1994) Biochem J , vol.303 , pp. 701-704
    • Stambolic, V.1    Woodgett, J.R.2
  • 23
    • 0029587224 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 by insulin mediated by protein kinase B
    • Cross DA, Alessi DR, Cohen P, Andjelkovich M, Hemmings B. Inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 by insulin mediated by protein kinase B. Nature 1995;378:785-89
    • (1995) Nature , vol.378 , pp. 785-789
    • Cross, D.A.1    Alessi, D.R.2    Cohen, P.3    Andjelkovich, M.4    Hemmings, B.5
  • 24
    • 0028840004 scopus 로고
    • Inactivation of glycogen synthase kinase-3 by epidermal growth factor is mediated by mitogen-activated protein kinase/p90 ribosomal protein s6 kinase signaling pathway in NIH/3t3 cells
    • Eldar-Finkelman H, Seger R, Vandenheede JR, Krebs EF. Inactivation of glycogen synthase kinase-3 by epidermal growth factor is mediated by mitogen-activated protein kinase/p90 ribosomal protein S6 kinase signaling pathway in NIH/3T3 cells. J Biol Chem 1995;270:987-90
    • (1995) J Biol Chem , vol.270 , pp. 987-990
    • Eldar-Finkelman, H.1    Seger, R.2    Vandenheede, J.R.3    Krebs, E.F.4
  • 25
    • 0027475421 scopus 로고
    • Modulation of glycogen synthase kinase-3 family by tyrosine phosphorylation
    • Hughes K, Nikolakaki E, Plyte SE, Totty NF, Woodgett JR. Modulation of glycogen synthase kinase-3 family by tyrosine phosphorylation. EMBO J 1993;12:803-8
    • (1993) EMBO J , vol.12 , pp. 803-808
    • Hughes, K.1    Nikolakaki, E.2    Plyte, S.E.3    Totty, N.F.4    Woodgett, J.R.5
  • 26
    • 0027978816 scopus 로고
    • The inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 by insulin or insulin-like growth factor 1 in the rat skeletal muscle cell line L6 is blocked by wortmannin, but not by rapamycin: Evidence that wortmannin blocks activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in L6 cells between Ras and Raf
    • Cross DA, Alessi DR, Vandenheede JR, McDowell HE, Hundal HS, Cohen P. The inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 by insulin or insulin-like growth factor 1 in the rat skeletal muscle cell line L6 is blocked by wortmannin, but not by rapamycin: Evidence that wortmannin blocks activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in L6 cells between Ras and Raf. Biochem J 1994;303:21-26
    • (1994) Biochem J , vol.303 , pp. 21-26
    • Cross, D.A.1    Alessi, D.R.2    Vandenheede, J.R.3    McDowell, H.E.4    Hundal, H.S.5    Cohen, P.6
  • 27
    • 0030603104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tyrosine dephosphorylation of glycogen kinase-3 is involved in its extracellular signal-dependent inactivation
    • Murai H, Okazaki M, Kikuchi A. Tyrosine dephosphorylation of glycogen kinase-3 is involved in its extracellular signal-dependent inactivation. FEBS Lett 1996;392:153-60
    • (1996) FEBS Lett , vol.392 , pp. 153-160
    • Murai, H.1    Okazaki, M.2    Kikuchi, A.3
  • 28
    • 0027255817 scopus 로고
    • Glycogen synthase kinase 3β is identical to tau protein kinase I generating several epitopes of paired helical filaments
    • Ishiguro K, Shiratsuchi A, Sato S, et al. Glycogen synthase kinase 3β is identical to tau protein kinase I generating several epitopes of paired helical filaments. FEBS Lett 1993;325:167-72
    • (1993) FEBS Lett , vol.325 , pp. 167-172
    • Ishiguro, K.1    Shiratsuchi, A.2    Sato, S.3
  • 29
    • 0027990436 scopus 로고
    • PHF-tau from Alzheimer's brain comprises four species on SDS-PAGE which can be mimicked by in vitro phosphorylation of human brain tau by glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta
    • Mulot SF, Hughes K, Woodgett JR, Anderton BH, Hanger DP. PHF-tau from Alzheimer's brain comprises four species on SDS-PAGE which can be mimicked by in vitro phosphorylation of human brain tau by glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta. FEBS Lett 1994;349:359-64
    • (1994) FEBS Lett , vol.349 , pp. 359-364
    • Mulot, S.F.1    Hughes, K.2    Woodgett, J.R.3    Anderton, B.H.4    Hanger, D.P.5
  • 30
    • 0031045216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiology and pathology of tau protein kinases in relation to Alzheimer's disease
    • Imahori K, Uchida T. Physiology and pathology of tau protein kinases in relation to Alzheimer's Disease. J Biochem 1997;121:179-88
    • (1997) J Biochem , vol.121 , pp. 179-188
    • Imahori, K.1    Uchida, T.2
  • 31
    • 0026487365 scopus 로고
    • Glycogen synthase kinase-3 induces Alzheimer's disease-like phosphorylation of tau: Generation of paired filament epitopes and neuronal localisation of the kinase
    • Hanger DP, Hughes K, Woodgett JR, Brion JP. Glycogen synthase kinase-3 induces Alzheimer's disease-like phosphorylation of tau: Generation of paired filament epitopes and neuronal localisation of the kinase. Neurosci Lett 1992;147:58-62
    • (1992) Neurosci Lett , vol.147 , pp. 58-62
    • Hanger, D.P.1    Hughes, K.2    Woodgett, J.R.3    Brion, J.P.4
  • 32
    • 0028170044 scopus 로고
    • Protein kinase Fa/ Glycogen synthase kinase-3α after heparin potentiation phosphorylates tau on sites abnormally phosphorylated in Alzheimer's disease brain
    • Yang S-D, Jau-Song Y, Shine-Gwo S, Jun-Jae H. Protein kinase Fa/ Glycogen synthase kinase-3α after heparin potentiation phosphorylates tau on sites abnormally phosphorylated in Alzheimer's disease brain. J Neurochem 1994;63:1416-25
    • (1994) J Neurochem , vol.63 , pp. 1416-1425
    • Yang, S.-D.1    Jau-Song, Y.2    Shine-Gwo, S.3    Jun-Jae, H.4
  • 33
    • 0028918921 scopus 로고
    • Tau protein kinase I/GSK-3 beta/kinase FA in heparin phosphorylates tau on Ser199, Thr231, Ser235, Ser262, Ser369, and Ser400 sites phosphorylated in Alzheimer disease brain
    • Song J-S, Yang S-D. Tau protein kinase I/GSK-3 beta/kinase FA in heparin phosphorylates tau on Ser199, Thr231, Ser235, Ser262, Ser369, and Ser400 sites phosphorylated in Alzheimer disease brain. J Prot Chem 1995;14:95-105
    • (1995) J Prot Chem , vol.14 , pp. 95-105
    • Song, J.-S.1    Yang, S.-D.2
  • 34
    • 0030597165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunocytochemistry of tau phosphoserine 413 and tau protein kinase I in Alzheimer pathology
    • Shiurba RA, Ishiguro K, Takashi M, et al. Immunocytochemistry of tau phosphoserine 413 and tau protein kinase I in Alzheimer pathology. Brain Res 1996;737:119-32
    • (1996) Brain Res , vol.737 , pp. 119-132
    • Shiurba, R.A.1    Ishiguro, K.2    Takashi, M.3
  • 35
    • 0029870602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential phosphorylation of human tau isoforms containing three repeats by several protein kinase
    • Singh TJ, Grundke-Iqbal I, Iqbal K. Differential phosphorylation of human tau isoforms containing three repeats by several protein kinase. Arch Biochem Biophys 1996;328:43-50
    • (1996) Arch Biochem Biophys , vol.328 , pp. 43-50
    • Singh, T.J.1    Grundke-Iqbal, I.2    Iqbal, K.3
  • 36
    • 0028675873 scopus 로고
    • Alzheimer's disease-like phosphorylation of the microtubule-associated protein tau by glycogen synthase kinase-3 in transfected mammalian cells
    • Lovestone S, Hugh-Reynolds C, Latimer D, et al. Alzheimer's disease-like phosphorylation of the microtubule-associated protein tau by glycogen synthase kinase-3 in transfected mammalian cells. Current Biology 1994;4:1077-86
    • (1994) Current Biology , vol.4 , pp. 1077-1086
    • Lovestone, S.1    Hugh-Reynolds, C.2    Latimer, D.3
  • 37
    • 0028981873 scopus 로고
    • Glycogen synthase kinase-3β phosphorylates tau protein at multiple sites in intact cells
    • Sperber BR, Leight S, Goedert M, Lee VM-Y. Glycogen synthase kinase-3β phosphorylates tau protein at multiple sites in intact cells. Neurosci Lett 1995;197:149-53
    • (1995) Neurosci Lett , vol.197 , pp. 149-153
    • Sperber, B.R.1    Leight, S.2    Goedert, M.3    Lee, V.M.-Y.4
  • 38
    • 0029998294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular phosphorylation of tau by GSK-3β influences tau binding to microtubules and microtubule organization
    • Wagner U, Utton M, Gallo J-M, Miller CCJ. Cellular phosphorylation of tau by GSK-3β influences tau binding to microtubules and microtubule organization. J Cell Sci 1996;109:1537-43
    • (1996) J Cell Sci , vol.109 , pp. 1537-1543
    • Wagner, U.1    Utton, M.2    Gallo, J.-M.3    Miller, C.C.J.4
  • 39
    • 0030908590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphorylation of tau by glycogen synthase kinase 3-beta affects the ability of tau to promote microtubule self-assembly
    • Utton MA, Vandecandelaere A, Wagner U, et al. Phosphorylation of tau by glycogen synthase kinase 3-beta affects the ability of tau to promote microtubule self-assembly. Biochem J 1997;323:741-47
    • (1997) Biochem J , vol.323 , pp. 741-747
    • Utton, M.A.1    Vandecandelaere, A.2    Wagner, U.3
  • 40
    • 0030868557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lithium reduces tau phosphorylation by inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3
    • Hong M, Chen DCR, Klein PS, Lee VM-Y. Lithium reduces tau phosphorylation by inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3. J Biol Chem 1997;272:25332-62
    • (1997) J Biol Chem , vol.272 , pp. 25332-25362
    • Hong, M.1    Chen, D.C.R.2    Klein, P.S.3    Lee, V.M.-Y.4
  • 41
    • 0030748390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 regulate tau phosphorylation in cultured human neurons
    • Hong M, Lee VM-Y. Insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 regulate tau phosphorylation in cultured human neurons. J Biol Chem 1997;272:19547-53
    • (1997) J Biol Chem , vol.272 , pp. 19547-19553
    • Hong, M.1    Lee, V.M.-Y.2
  • 42
    • 0025286104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular cloning and expression of glycogen synthase kinase-3/Factor A
    • 19990
    • Woodgett JR. Molecular cloning and expression of glycogen synthase kinase-3/Factor A. EMBO J 19990;9:2431-38
    • EMBO J , vol.9 , pp. 2431-2438
    • Woodgett, J.R.1
  • 43
    • 0028933292 scopus 로고
    • Involvement of τ protein kinase I in paired helical filament-like phosphorylation of the juvenile τ in rat brain
    • Takahashi M, Tomizawa K, Ishiguro K, Takamatsu M, Fujita SC, Imahori K. Involvement of τ protein kinase I in paired helical filament-like phosphorylation of the juvenile τ in rat brain. J Neurochem 1995;64:1759-68
    • (1995) J Neurochem , vol.64 , pp. 1759-1768
    • Takahashi, M.1    Tomizawa, K.2    Ishiguro, K.3    Takamatsu, M.4    Fujita, S.C.5    Imahori, K.6
  • 44
    • 0029737421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preferential labeling of Alzheimer neurofibrillary tangles with antisera for tau protein kinase (TPKI)/glycogen synthase kinase-3β and cyclin-dependent kinase 5, a component of TPK II
    • Yamaguchi H, Ishiguro K, Uchida T, Takashima A, Lemere CA, Imahori K. Preferential labeling of Alzheimer neurofibrillary tangles with antisera for tau protein kinase (TPKI)/glycogen synthase kinase-3β and cyclin-dependent kinase 5, a component of TPK II. Acta Neuropathol 1996;92:232-41
    • (1996) Acta Neuropathol , vol.92 , pp. 232-241
    • Yamaguchi, H.1    Ishiguro, K.2    Uchida, T.3    Takashima, A.4    Lemere, C.A.5    Imahori, K.6
  • 46
    • 84907130484 scopus 로고
    • Silver impregnation of Alzheimer's neurofibrillary changes counterstained for basophilic material and lipofuscin pigment
    • Braak H, Braak E, Ohm T, Bohl J. Silver impregnation of Alzheimer's neurofibrillary changes counterstained for basophilic material and lipofuscin pigment. Stain Technol 1988;63:197-200
    • (1988) Stain Technol , vol.63 , pp. 197-200
    • Braak, H.1    Braak, E.2    Ohm, T.3    Bohl, J.4
  • 47
    • 0015168149 scopus 로고
    • Silver staining of Alzheimer's neurofibrillary changes by means of physical development
    • Gallyas F. Silver staining of Alzheimer's neurofibrillary changes by means of physical development. Acta Morphol Acad Sci Hung 1971;19:1-8
    • (1971) Acta Morphol Acad Sci Hung , vol.19 , pp. 1-8
    • Gallyas, F.1
  • 48
    • 0028362458 scopus 로고
    • A sequence of cytoskeleton changes related to the formation of neurofibrillary tangles and neuropil threads
    • Braak E, Braak H, Mandelkow E-M. A sequence of cytoskeleton changes related to the formation of neurofibrillary tangles and neuropil threads. Acta Neuropath 1994;87:554-67
    • (1994) Acta Neuropath , vol.87 , pp. 554-567
    • Braak, E.1    Braak, H.2    Mandelkow, E.-M.3
  • 49
    • 0000276080 scopus 로고
    • Alzheimer's plaques and tangles: A controlled and enhanced silver-staining method
    • Campbell SK, Switzer RC, Martin TL. Alzheimer's plaques and tangles: A controlled and enhanced silver-staining method. Soc Neurosci Abstr 1987;13:678
    • (1987) Soc Neurosci Abstr , vol.13 , pp. 678
    • Campbell, S.K.1    Switzer, R.C.2    Martin, T.L.3
  • 50
    • 0024587074 scopus 로고
    • Accumulation of abnormally phosphorylated tau precedes the formation of neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer's disease
    • Bancher C, Brunner C, Lassmann H, et al. Accumulation of abnormally phosphorylated tau precedes the formation of neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer's disease. Brain Res 1989;477:90-99
    • (1989) Brain Res , vol.477 , pp. 90-99
    • Bancher, C.1    Brunner, C.2    Lassmann, H.3
  • 51
    • 0028998417 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative analysis of tau protein in paired helical filament (PHF) preparations: Implications for the role of tau phosphorylation in PHF assembly in Alzheimer's disease
    • Wischik CM, Lai R, Edwards PC, et al. Quantitative analysis of tau protein in paired helical filament (PHF) preparations: Implications for the role of tau phosphorylation in PHF assembly in Alzheimer's disease. Neurobi Aging 1995;16:409-17
    • (1995) Neurobi Aging , vol.16 , pp. 409-417
    • Wischik, C.M.1    Lai, R.2    Edwards, P.C.3
  • 52
  • 53
    • 0030712317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Further evidence that the inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3β by IGF-1 is mediated by PDK1/ PKB-induced phosphorylation of Ser-9 and not by dephosphorylation of Tyr-216
    • Shaw M, Cohen P, Alessi DR. Further evidence that the inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3β by IGF-1 is mediated by PDK1/ PKB-induced phosphorylation of Ser-9 and not by dephosphorylation of Tyr-216. FEBS Lett 1997;416:307-11
    • (1997) FEBS Lett , vol.416 , pp. 307-311
    • Shaw, M.1    Cohen, P.2    Alessi, D.R.3
  • 54
    • 0029113874 scopus 로고
    • Phosphatase activity toward abnormally phosphorylated τ: Decrease in Alzheimer disease brain
    • Gong C-X, Shaikh S, Wang J-Z, Zaidi T, Grundke-Iqbal I, Iqbal K. Phosphatase activity toward abnormally phosphorylated τ: Decrease in Alzheimer disease brain. J Neurochem 1995;65:732-38
    • (1995) J Neurochem , vol.65 , pp. 732-738
    • Gong, C.-X.1    Shaikh, S.2    Wang, J.-Z.3    Zaidi, T.4    Grundke-Iqbal, I.5    Iqbal, K.6
  • 55
    • 0030222037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microglia: A sensor for pathological events in the CNS
    • Kreutzberg GW. Microglia: A sensor for pathological events in the CNS. TINS 1996;19:312-18
    • (1996) TINS , vol.19 , pp. 312-318
    • Kreutzberg, G.W.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.