Analysis of Plasmodium falciparum PfEMP-1/var genes suggests that recombination rearranges constrained sequences

Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology

Volumn 102, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 167-177

  Ward, Christopher P ^a   Clottey, George T ^a   Dorris, Mark ^a   Ji, Dar Der ^a   Arnot, David E ^a  

^a Inst of Cell   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Antigenic variation; Global diversity; Plasmodium falciparum; var gene recombination

Indexed keywords

CELL ADHESION MOLECULE; MEMBRANE ANTIGEN;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANTIGENIC VARIATION; ARTICLE; BRAZIL; CLONE; CONTROLLED STUDY; GAMBIA; GENE REARRANGEMENT; GENETIC RECOMBINATION; GENETIC VARIABILITY; KENYA; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SUDAN; VANUATU; VIET NAM;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ANIMALS; ANTIGENIC VARIATION; ANTIGENS, PROTOZOAN; CONSERVED SEQUENCE; FEMALE; GENES, PROTOZOAN; HUMANS; MALARIA, FALCIPARUM; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; MULTIGENE FAMILY; PHYLOGENY; PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; PROTEIN STRUCTURE, TERTIARY; PROTOZOAN PROTEINS; RECOMBINATION, GENETIC; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; SUDAN; VARIATION (GENETICS);

PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM;

EID: 0032805381     PISSN: 01666851     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0166-6851(99)00106-1     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Thaithong S., Beale G.H., Fenton B. et al. Clonal diversity in a single isolate of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 78:1984;242-245.
2. Babiker H.A., Creasey A.M., Fenton B., Bayoumi R.A., Arnot D.E., Walliker D. Genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum in a village in eastern Sudan. I. Diversity of enzymes, 2D-PAGE proteins and antigens. Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 85:1991;572-577.
3. Druihle P., Daubersies P., Patarapotikul J. et al. A primary malarial infection is composed of a very wide range of genetically diverse but related parasites. J. Clin. Invest. 101:1998;2008-2016.
4. Felger I., Tavul L., Kabatnik S. et al. Plasmodium falciparum: Extensive polymorphism in an area with endemic malaria in Papua New Guinea. Exp. Parasitol. 79:1994;106-116.
5. Beck H.-P., Felger I., Huber W. et al. Analysis of multiple Plasmodium falciparum infections in Tanzanian children during the Phase III trial of malaria vaccine Spf66. J. Infect. Dis. 175:1997;921-926.
6. Arnot D.E. Clone multiplicity of Plasmodium falciparum infections in individuals exposed to variable levels of disease transmission. Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 92:1998;580-585.
7. Baruch D.I., Pasloscke B.L., Singh H.B. et al. Cloning the P. falciparum gene encoding PfEMP1, a malarial variant antigen and adherence receptor on the surface of parasitized human erythrocytes. Cell. 82:1995;77-87.
8. Su X.Z., Heatwole V.M., Wertheimer S.P. et al. The large diverse gene family var encodes proteins involved in cytoadherence and antigenic variation of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythroctes. Cell. 82:1995;89-100.
9. Roberts D.J., Craig A.G., Berendt A.R. et al. Rapid switching to multiple antigenic and adhesive phenotypes in malaria. Nature. 357:1992;689-692.
10. Smith J.D., Chitnis C.E., Craig A.G. et al. Switches in expression of Plasmodium falciparum var genes correlate with changes in antigenic and cytoadherent phenotypes of infected erythrocytes. Cell. 82:1995;101-110.
11. Marsh K., Otoo L., Hayes R.J., Carson D.C., Greenwood B.M. Antibodies to blood stage antigens of Plasmodium falciparum in rural Gambians and their relation to protection against infection. Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 83:1989;293-303.
12. Bull P.C., Lowe B.S., Kortok M., Molyneux C.S., Newbold C.I., Marsh K. Parasite antigens on the infected red cell surface are targets for naturally acquired immunity to malaria. Nat. Med. 4:1998;358-360.
13. Gupta S., Day K.P. A strain theory of malaria transmission. Parasitol. Today. 10:1994;476-481.
14. Bayoumi R.A., Creasey A.M., Babiker H.A. et al. Drug response and genetic characterisation of Plasmodium falciparum clones recently isolated from a Sudanese village. Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 87:1993;454-459.
15. Bayoumi R.A., Babiker H.A., Arnot D.E. Uptake and efflux of chloroquine by chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum clones recently isolated in Africa. Acta Tropica. 58:1994;141-149.
16. Walliker D., Quakyi I.A., Wellems T.E. et al. Genetic analysis of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Science. 236:1987;1661-1666.
17. Arnot D.E., Roper C., Bayoumi R.A. Digital codes from hypervariable tandemly repeated DNA sequences in the Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite gene can genetically barcode isolates. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 61:1993;15-24.
18. Kyes S., Taylor H., Craig A., Marsh K., Newbold C. Genomic representation of var gene sequences in Plasmodium falciparum field isolates from different geographical regions. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 87:1997;235-238.
19. Swofford D.L. PAUP: phlyogenetic analysis using parsimony, version 3.1. 1993;Illinois Natural History Society, Champaign, IL.
20. Chitnis C.E., Miller L.H. Identification of the erythrocyte binding domains of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium knowlesi proteins involved in eythrocyte invasion. J. Exp. Med. 180:1994;497-506.
21. . Dame J.D., Arnot D.E., Bourke P.F. et al. Current status of the Plasmodium falciparum Genome Project. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 79:1996;1-12.
22. . Gardner M.J., Tettelin H., Carucci D.J. et al. Chromosome 2 sequence of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Science. 282:1998;1126-1133.
23. Bonnefoy S, Bischoff E., Guillotte M., Mercereau-Puijalon O. Evidence for distinct prototype sequences within the Plasmodium falciparum Pf60 multigene family. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 87:1997;1-11.
24. . Sim B.K.L., Chitnis C.E., Wasniowska K., Hadley T.J., Miller L.H. Receptor and ligand domains for invasion of erythrocytes by Plasmodium falciparum. Science. 264:1994;1941-1944.
25. Adams JH, Sim BKL, Dolan SA, Fang X, Kaslow DC, Miller LH. A family of erythrocyte binding proteins of malaria parasites. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 89:1992;7085-7089.
26. Chen B.Q., Barragan A., Fernandez V. et al. Identification of Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP-1) as the rosseting ligand of the malaria parasite P. falciparum. J. Exp. Med. 187:1998;15-23.
27. Rowe J.A., Moulds J.M., Newbold C.I., Miller L.H. P. falciparum rossetting mediated by a parasite variant erythrocyte membrane protein and complement-receptor 1. Nature. 388:1997;292-295.
28. McKenna T.S., Rieder E., Lubroth J., Burrage T., Baxt B., Mason P.W. Strategy for producing new foot and mouth disease vaccines that display complex epitopes. J. Biotech. 44:1996;83-89.
29. Marsh K., Howard R.J. Antigens induced on erythrocytes by P. falciparum: Expression of diverse and conserved determinants. Science. 231:1986;150-153.
30. Newbold C.I., Pinches R., Roberts D.J., Marsh K. Plasmodium falciparum: the human agglutinating antibody response to the infected red cell surface is predominantly variant specific. Exp. Parasitol. 75:1992;281-292.
31. Giha HA, Staalsoe T, Dodoo D, et al. Overlapping antigenic repertoires of variant antigens expressed on the surface of erythrocytes infected by Plasmodium falciparum. Parasitology (in press).
32. Thompson J.K., Rubio J.P., Caruana S., Brockman A., Whickham M.E., Cowman A.F. The chromosomal organisation of the Plasmodium falciparum var gene family is conserved. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 87:1997;49-60.
33. Kerr P.J., Ranford-Cartwright L.C., Walliker D. Proof of intragenic recombination in Plasmodium falciparum. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 66:1994;241-248.
34. Conway D.J., Roper C., Oduola A.M.J. et al. High recombination rate in natural populations of Plasmodium falciparum. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 96:1999;4506-4511.
35. Babiker H.A., Ranford-Cartwright L.C., Currie D. et al. Random mating in a natural population of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Parasitology. 109:1994;413-421.
36. Paul R.E.L., Packer M.J., Walmsley M. et al. Mating patterns in malaria parasite populations of Papua New Guinea. Science. 269:1995;1709-1711.
37. Baruch D.I., Ma X.C., Singh H.B., Bi X., Pasloske B.L., Howard R.J. Identification of a region of PfEMP-1 that mediates adherence of Plasmodium falciparum infected erythrocytes to CD36:conserved function with variant sequence. Blood. 90:1997;3766-3775.
38. Smith J.D., Keyes S., Craig et al. Analysis of adhesive domains from the A4VAR Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein-1 identifies a CD36 binding domain. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 97:1998;133-148.
39. Ockenhouse C.F., Ho M., Tandon N.N. et al. Molecular basis of sequestration in severe and uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria; differential adhesion of infected erythrocytes to CD36 and ICAM-1. J. Infect. Dis. 164:1991;163-169.
40. Newbold CI, Craig AG, Kyes S et al. PfEMP-1, polymorphism and pathogenisis. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 1997:551-7.
41. Rowe A., Obeiro J., Newbold C.I., Marsh K. Plasmodium falciparum rosetting is associated with malaria severity in Kenya. Infect. Immun. 61:1995;2323-2326.
42. Treutiger C.J., Carlson J., Scholander C., Wahlgren M. The time course of cytoadhesion, immunoglobulin binding, rosette formation, and serum induced agglutination of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 59:1998;202-207.
43. Cheng Q., Cloonan N., Fischer K. et al. stevor and rif are Plasmodium falciparum multicopy gene families which potentially encode variant antigens. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 97:1998;161-176.
44. Helmby H., Cavelier L., Petterson U., Wahlgren M. Rosetting Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes express unique strain-specific antigens on their surface. Infect. Immun. 61:1993;284-288.