Topical imiquimod. A review of its use in genital warts

Drugs

Volumn 58, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 375-390

  Perry, Caroline M ^a   Lamb, Harriet M ^a  

^a ADIS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALPHA INTERFERON; CYTOKINE; IMIQUIMOD; IMMUNOMODULATING AGENT;

ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY; BURN; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONDYLOMA; CREAM; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; DRUG ABSORPTION; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG FORMULATION; DRUG STRUCTURE; DRUG TOLERABILITY; ERYTHEMA; FEMALE; FLU LIKE SYNDROME; HEADACHE; HEALTH CARE COST; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; IMMUNE DEFICIENCY; MALE; PHARMACODYNAMICS; PHARMACOECONOMICS; PRURITUS; RECURRENCE RISK; REVIEW; SEX DIFFERENCE; TOPICAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION;

ADJUVANTS, IMMUNOLOGIC; ADMINISTRATION, TOPICAL; AMINOQUINOLINES; CLINICAL TRIALS; CONDYLOMATA ACUMINATA; FEMALE; HUMANS;

HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS;

EID: 0032804549     PISSN: 00126667     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2165/00003495-199958020-00017     Document Type: Review

References (72)

1. 1. Gangemi JD, Pirisi L, Angell M, et al. HPV replication in experimental models: effects of interferon. Antiviral Res 1994 Jul; 24: 175-90
2. 2. Ferenczy A. Epidemiology and clinical pathophysiology of condylomata acuminata. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1995 Apr; 172 (Pt 2): 1331-9
3. 3. Kraus SJ, Stone KM. Management of genital infection caused by human papillomavirus. Rev Infect Dis 1990 Jul-Aug; 12 Suppl. 6: S620-32
4. 4. Oriel JD. Genitoanal papillomavirus infection - a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma. Semin Dermatol 1990 Jun; 9: 141-7
5. 5. Richwald GA, Reitano M. New approaches to the management of external genital warts. Infect Dis Clin Pract 1999; 8: 67-75
6. 6. Stanley M. The immunology of genital human papilloma virus infection. Eur J Dermatol 1998 Oct-Nov; 8 Suppl. 7: 8-12
7. 7. Stanley MA, Masterson PJ, Nicholls PK. In vitro and animal models for antiviral therapy in papillomavirus infections. Antiviral Chem Chemother 1997 Sep; 8: 381-400
8. 8. Majewski S, Jablonska S. Immunology of HPV infection and HPV-associated tumors. Int J Dermatol 1998 Feb; 37: 81-95
9. 9. Stanley MA. Mini-review. Replication of human papillomaviruses in cell culture. Antiviral Res 1994 May; 24: 1-15
10. 10. Phillips TJ, Dover JS. Recent advances in dermatology. N Engl J Med 1992 Jan 16; 326: 167-78
11. 11. Edwards L, Ferenczy A, Eron L, et al. Self-administered topical 5% imiquimod cream for external anogenital warts. Arch Dermatol 1998 Jan; 134: 25-30
12. 12. Beutner KR, Spruance SL, Hougham AJ, et al. Treatment of genital warts with an immune-response modifier (imiquimod). J Am Acad Dermatol 1998 Feb; 38 (Pt 1): 230-9
13. 13. Beutner KR, Geisse JK. Imiquimod - An immune-response modifier for the treatment of genital warts. Today's Ther Trends 1997; 15 (3): 165-78
14. 14. Stone KM. Human papillomavirus infection and genital warts: update on epidemiology and treatment. Clin Infect Dis 1995 Apr; 20 Suppl. 1: 91-7
15. 15. Tindle RW, Frazer IH. Immunology of anogenital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, Aust NZ J Obstet Gynaecol 1990 Nov; 30: 370-5
16. 16. Coleman N, Birley HDL, Renton AM, et al. Immunological events in regressing genital warts. Am J Clin Pathol 1994; 102: 768-74
17. 17. Czelusta AJ, Evans T, Arany I, et al. A guide to immunotherapy of genital warts: focus on interferon and imiquimod. BioDrugs 1999; 11 (5): 319-32
18. 18. Reiter MJ, Testerman TL, Miller RL, et al. Cytokine induction in mice by the immunomodulator imiquimod. J Leukoc Biol 1994 Feb; 55: 234-40
19. 19. Slade HB. Cytokine induction and modifying the immune response to human papilloma virus with imiquimod. Eur J Dermatol 1998 Oct-Nov; 8 Suppl. 7: 13-6
20. 20. Miller R, Birmachu W, Gerster J, et al. Imiquimod: cytokine induction and antiviral activity. Int Antiviral News 1995 Aug; 3: 111-3
21. 21. Miller RL, Gerster JF, Owens HB, et al. A review of imiquimod applied topically, a novel immune response modifier and new class of drug. 3M Pharmaceuticals, St Paul, Minnesota. Data on file, 1998
22. 22. Syed TA, Goswami J, Ahmadpour OA, et al. Treatment of molluscum contagiosum in males with an analog of imiquimod 1% in cream: a placebo-controlled, double-blind study. J Dermatol 1998 May; 25: 309-13
23. 23. Syed TA, Ahmadpour OA, Ahmad SA. Treatment of genital herpes in males with imiquimod 1% cream: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Clin Drug Invest 1998 Sep; 16: 187-91
24. 24. Savage P, Horton V, Moore J, et al. A phase I clinical trial of imiquimod, an oral interferon inducer, administered daily. Br J Cancer 1996 Nov; 74: 1482-6
25. 25. Goldstein D, Hertzog P, Tomkinson E, et al. Administration of imiquimod, an interferon inducer, in asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus-infected persons to determine safety and biologic response modification. J Infect Dis 1998 Sep; 178: 858-61
26. 26. Witt PL, Ritch PS, Reding D, et al. Phase I trial of an oral immunomodulator and interferon inducer in cancer patients. Cancer Res 1993 Nov 1; 53: 5176-80
27. 27. Tyring SK, Arany I, Stanley MA, et al. A randomized, controlled, molecular study of condylomata acuminata clearance during treatment with imiquimod. J Infect Dis 1998 Aug; 178: 551-5
28. 28. Miller RL, Tomai MA, Arany I, et al. Cytokine induction in hairless mouse and human skin by topical immune response modifier, imiquimod [abstract]. J Invest Dermatol 1998 Apr; 110: 680
29. 29. Suzuki H, Wang B, Amerio P, et al. Topical immune response modifier imiquimod induces migration of Langerhans cells [abstract 010]. American Academy of Dermatology 57th Annual Meeting; 1999 Mar 19-24; New Orleans
30. 30. Bottrel RLA, Yang Y-L, Levy DE, et al. The immune response modifier imiquimod requires STAT-1 for induction of interferon, interferon-stimulated genes and interleukin-6. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1999: 856-61
31. 31. Miller RL, Birmachu W, Gerster JF, et al. Cytokine induction by imiquimod: preclinical results and pharmacology. Chemotherapie Journal, Supplement 1995; 5 (10): 52-4
32. 32. Weeks CE, Gibson SJ. Induction of interferon and other cytokines by imiquimod and its hydroxylated metabolite R-842 in human blood cells in vitro. J Interferon Res 1994 Apr; 14: 81-5
33. 33. Tomai M, Imbertson L, Wagner T, et al. Activation of human and mouse B lymphocytes by the immunomodulators uniquimod and S-27609 [abstract]. FASEB J 1994 Mar 15; 8: 253. Pt 1
34. 34. Megyeri K, Rosztoczy I, Raj NBK, et al. Stimulation of interferon and cytokine gene expression by imiquimod: molecular mechanism. J Interferon Res 1994 Suppl. 5122
35. 35. Testerman TL, Gerster JF, Imbertson LM, et al. Cytokine induction by the immunomodulators imiquimod and S-27609. J Leukoc Biol 1995 Sep; 58: 365-72
36. 36. Gibson SJ, Imbertson LM, Wagner TL, et al. Cellular requirements for cytokine production in response to the immunomodulators imiquimod and S-27609. J Interferon Cytokine Res 1995 Jun; 15: 537-45
37. 37. Megyeri K, Au W-C, Rosztoczy I, et al. Stimulation of interferon and cytokine gene expression by imiquimod and stimulation by Sendai virus utilize similar signal transduction pathways [published erratum appears in Mol Cell Biol 1995 May; 15 (5): 2905]. Mol Cell Biol 1995 Apr; 15: 2207-18
38. 38. Wagner TL, Horton VL, Carlson GL, et al. Induction of cytokines in cynomolgus monkeys by the immune response modifiers, imiquimod, S-27609 and S-28463. Cytokine 1997 Nov; 9: 837-45
39. 39. Wagner TL, Ahonen CL, Couture AM, et al. Modulation of TH1 and TH2 cytokine production with the immune response modifiers, R-848 and imiquimod. Cell Immunol 1999; 191: 10-9
40. 40. Burns R, Tomai MA, Miller RL, et al. The imidazoquinolines, imiquimod (R837) and R-848 both induce functional but not phenotypic maturation of human epidermal Langerhans cells in vitro [abstract 281]. American Academy of Dermatology 57th Annual Meeting; 1999 Mar 19-24; New Orleans
41. 41. Burns R, Ferbel B, Toman MA, et al. The imidazoquinilones, imiquimod (R-837) and R-842 both induce functional but not phenotypic maturation of human epidermal Langerhans cells in vitro (abstract). J Invest Dermatol 1999; 112 (4): 534
42. 42. Kono T, Kondo S, Pastore S, et al. Effects of a novel topical immunomodulator, imiquimod, on keratinocyte cytokine gene expression. Lymphokine Cytokine Res 1994 Apr; 13: 71-6
43. 43. Imbertson LM, Beaurline JM, Couture AM, et al. Cytokine induction in hairless mouse and rat skin after topical application of the immune response modifiers imiquimod and S-28463. J Invest Dermatol 1998 May; 110: 734-9
44. 44. Tomai MA, Birmachu W, Case MT, et al. Imiquimod: in vivo and in vitro characteristics and toxicology. In: Aly R, Beutner KR, Maibach HI, editors. Cutaneous infection and therapy. Vol. 32. New York: Dekker, 1997
45. 45. Miller RL, Tomai MA, Ahonen CL, et al. Effects of the imidazoquinolines, imiquimod and S-28463, on TH1 and TH2 cytokine responses in vitro [abstract 280]. American Academy of Dermatology 57th Annual Meeting; 1999 Mar 19-24; New Orleans
46. 46. McDermott DJ, Senta TA, Smith MH, et al. A rising single dose safety, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study of imiquimod (Aldara™) applied to the cervix of healthy female volunteers [poster]. 17th International Papillomavirus Conference. 1999 Jan 5-15; Charleston
47. 47. Tomai MA, Gibson SJ, Imbertson LM, et al. Immunomodulating and antiviral activities of the imidazoquinoline S-28463. Antiviral Res 1995; 28: 253-64
48. 48. Tomai MA, Gibson SJ, Gerster JF, et al. Immunomodulating activities of imiquimod, and its analogs, S-27609 and S-28463 in human keratinocyte and fibroblast cultures and mouse skin [abstract]. J Invest Dermatol 1995 Apr; 104: 692
49. 49. Fujisawa H, Shivji GM, Kondo S, et al. Effect of a novel topical immunomodulator, S-28463, on keratinocyte cytokine gene expression and production. J Interferon Cytokine Res 1996 Jul; 16: 555-9
50. 50. Tomai MA, Gibson SJ, Imbertson LM, et al. Immunomodulating and antiviral activities of the imidazoquinoline S-28463. Antiviral Res 1995 Nov; 28: 253-64
51. 51. Owens ML, Tygum KI, Senta TA, et al. A safety assessment of topical imiquimod [abstract]. 19th World Congress of Dermatology; 1997 Jun 15-20, Sydney
52. 14C]imiquimod from a single application of cream [abstract]. Pharm Res 1995 Sep; 12 Suppl.: 277
53. 53. Beutner KR, Tyring SK, Trofatter Jr JKF, et al. Imiquimod, a patient-applied immune-response modifier for treatment of external genital warts. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1998 Apr; 42: 789-94
54. 54. Conant MA, Opp KM, Gilson RJC, et al. A vehicle-controlled safety and efficacy trial evaluating 5% imiquimod cream for the treatment of genital/perianal warts in HIV-positive patients [abstract]. American Academy of Dermatology 56th Annual Meeting; 1998 Feb 27-March 4, Orlando (FL)
55. 55. Trofatter Jr JKF. Imiquimod in clinical practice. Eur J Dermatol 1998 Oct-Nov; 8 Suppl. 7: 17-9
56. 56. 3M launches Aldara in the UK. Scrip 1998 Oct 7 (2376); 19
57. 57. Imiquimod cream for genital warts. Am Fam Physician 1997; 55 (6): 2348
58. 58. US Department of Health and Human Services. 1998 Guidelines for treatment of sexually transmitted diseases. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1998; 47 (RR-1)
59. 59. Maw RD, Reitano M, Roy M. An international survey of patients with genital warts: perceptions regarding treatment and impact on lifestyle. Int J STD AIDS 1998; 9: 571-8
60. 60. Beutner KR, Wiley DJ, Douglas JM, et al. Genital warts and their treatment. Clin Infect Dis 1998; 28 Suppl. 1: S37-56
61. 61. Beutner KR, Ferenczy A. Therapeutic approaches to genital warts. Am J Med 1997 May 5; 102 Suppl. 5A: 28-37
62. 62. Cowsert LM. Treatment of papillomavirus infections: recent practice and future approaches. Intervirology 1994 May-Aug; 37: 226-30
63. 63. Mayeaux JR EJ, Spigener SD. Treatment of human genital papillomavirus infections. Hosp Pract 1997; 32 (12): 87-90
64. 64. Marcus J, Camisa C. Podophyllin therapy for condyloma acuminatum. Int J Dermatol 1990 Dec; 29: 693-8
65. 65. Langley PC, Tyring SK, Smith MH. The cost-effectiveness of patient-applied versus provider-administered intervention strategies for the treatment of external genital warts. Am J Managed Care 1999; 5(1): 69-77
66. 66. Lehwohl M, Contard P. Interferon and condylomata acuminata. Int J Dermatol 1990 Dec; 29: 699-705
67. 67. Cirelli R, Tyring SK. Interferons in human papillomavirus infections. Antiviral Res 1994 Jul; 24: 191-204
68. 68. Stuart-Harris RC, Lauchlan R, Day R, et al. The clinical application of the interferons: a review. Med J Aust 1992 Jun 15; 156: 869-72
69. 69. Fife KH. New treatments for genital warts less than ideal: abstract and commentary. JAMA 1998 Jun 24; 279: 2003-4
70. 70. Tyring S, Edwards L, Cherry LK, et al. Safety and efficacy of 0.5% podofitox gel in the treatment of anogenital warts. Arch Dermatol 1998; 134: 33-8
71. 71. Peterson CS, Weismann K. Quercetin and kaempherol: an argument against the use of podophyllin? Genitourin Med 1995; 71: 92-3
72. 72. Greenberg MD, Rutledge LH, Reid R, et al. A double-blind, randomized trial of 0.5% podofilox and placebo for the treatment of genital warts in women. Obstet Gynecol 1991; 77: 735-9