Treatment of early Parkinson's disease

Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences

Volumn 26, Issue SUPPL. 2, 1999, Pages

  Grimes, David A ^b   Lang, Anthony E ^a  

^a TORONTO WESTERN HOSPITAL   (Canada)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMANTADINE; ANTIPARKINSON AGENT; BENZATROPINE; BROMOCRIPTINE; CABERGOLINE; CHOLINERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; DOPAMINE RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; ERGOT DERIVATIVE; LEVODOPA; LISURIDE; MONOAMINE OXIDASE B INHIBITOR; N METHYL DEXTRO ASPARTIC ACID RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; PRAMIPEXOLE; ROPINIROLE; SELEGILINE; TRIHEXYPHENIDYL;

ACUTE DISEASE; ARTICLE; CHRONOTHERAPY; CLINICAL PROTOCOL; COMBINATION CHEMOTHERAPY; DISEASE COURSE; DRUG INDICATION; HUMAN; LUNG DISEASE; MEDICAL DECISION MAKING; MENTAL DISEASE; NEUROLOGIC DISEASE; NEUROPROTECTION; NEUROTOXICITY; PALLIATIVE THERAPY; PARKINSON DISEASE; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

EID: 0032799458     PISSN: 03171671     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/s0317167100000081     Document Type: Article

References (65)

1. Miyawaki E, Lyons K, Pahwa R, et al. Motor complications of chronic levodopa therapy in Parkinson's disease. Clin Neuropharmacol 1997; 20: 523-530.
2. Fahn S. Is levodopa toxic? Neurology 1996; 47: S184-S195
3. Snyder SH, D'Amato RJD. MPTP: A neurotoxin relevant to the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease. The 1985 George C. Cotzias Lecture. Neurology 1986; 36: 250-258.
4. Mytilineou C, Radcliffe PM, Olanow CW. L-(-)-desmethylselegiline, a metabolite of selegiline [L-(-)-deprenyl], protects mesencephalic dopamine neurons from excitotoxicity in vitro. J Neurochem 1997; 68: 434-436.
5. The Parkinson Study Group. Effects of tocopherol and deprenyl on the progression of disability in early Parkinson's disease. N Engl J Med 1993; 328: 176-183.
6. Olanow CW, Hauser RA, Gauger L, et al. The effect of deprenyl and levodopa on the progression of Parkinson's disease. Ann Neurol 1995; 38: 771-777.
7. Olanow CW. Deprenyl in the treatment of Parkinson's disease: clinical effects and speculations on mechanism of action. J Neural Transm 1996; 103: 75-84.
8. Parkinson Study Group. Impact of deprenyl and tocopherol treatment on Parkinson's disease in DATATOP subjects not requiring levodopa. Ann Neurol 1996; 39: 29-36.
9. Parkinson Study Group. Impact of deprenyl and tocopherol treatment on Parkinson's disease in DATATOP patients requiring levodopa. Ann Neurol 1996; 39: 37-45.
10. Lees AJ. Comparison of therapeutic effects and mortality data of levodopa and levodopa combined with selegiline in patients with early, mild Parkinson's disease. Br Med J 1995; 311: 1602-1607.
11. Olanow CW, Fahn S, Langston JW, Godbold J. Selegiline and mortality in Parkinson's disease. Ann Neurol 1996; 40: 841-845.
12. Riggs JE. Deprenyl, excess mortality, and epidemiological traps. Clin Neuropharmacol 1997; 20: 276-278.
13. Shoulson I, Oakes D, Fahn S, et al. Mortality in DATATOP: a multicenter trial in early Parkinson's disease. Ann Neurol 1998; 43: 318-325.
14. Schwab RS, Poskanzer DC, England AC, Young RR. Amantadine in Parkinson's disease. JAMA 1972; 222: 792-795.
15. Lang AE, Blair RDG. Anticholinergic drugs and amantadine in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. In: Calne DB, editor. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology. Drugs for the Treatment of Parkinson's disease. 1st ed. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1989: 307-323.
16. Stoof JC, Booij J, Drukarch B. Amantidine as N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor antagonist: new possibilities for therapeutic applications? Clin Neurol Neurosurg 1992; 94: S4-S6
17. Greenamyre JT, O'Brien CF. N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Arch Neurol 1991; 48: 977-981.
18. Uitti RJ, Rajput AH, Ahlskog JE, et al. Amantadine treatment is an independent predictor of improved survival in Parkinson's disease. Neurology 1996; 46: 1551-1556.
19. Rajput AH, Uitti RJ, Lang AE, Kumar R, Galvez-Jimenez N. Amantadine ameliorates levodopa induced dyskinesias. Neurology 1997; 48: A328
20. Verhagen Metman VL, Del Dotto P, Van den Munckhof P, et al. Amantadine as treatment for dyskinesias and motor fluctuations in PD. Neurology 1998; 50: 1323-1326.
21. Olanow CW. Attempts to obtain neuroprotection in Parkinson's disease. Neurology 1997; 49: S26-S33
22. Fahn S, Cohen G. The oxidant stress hypothesis in Parkinson's disease: evidence supporting it. Ann Neurol 1992; 32: 804-812.
23. Pardo B, Mena MA, Casarejos MJ, Paíno CL, De Yébenes JG. Toxic effects of L-DOPA on mesencephalic cell cultures: protection with antioxidants. Brain Res 1995; 682: 133-143.
24. Fahn S. Levodopa-induced neurotoxicity. Does it represent a problem for the treatment of Parkinson's disease? CNS Drugs 1997; 8: 376-393.
25. Ziv I, Zilkha-Falb R, Offen D, et al. Levodopa induces apoptosis in cultured neuronal cells - a possible accelerator of nigrostriatal degeneration in Parkinson's disease? Mov Disord 1997; 12: 17-23.
26. Han SK, Mytilineou C, Cohen G. L-dopa up-regulates glutatheone and protects mesencephalic cultures against oxidative stress. J Neurochem 1996; 66: 501-510.
27. Perry TL, Yong VW, Ito M, et al. Nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons remain undamaged in rats given high doses of L-Dopa and carbidopa chronically. J Neurochem 1984; 43: 990-993.
28. Hefti F, Melamed E, Bhawan J, Wurtman RJ. Long-term administration of levodopa does not damage dopaminergic neurons in the mouse. Neurology 1981; 31: 1194-1195.
29. Cotzias GC, Miller ST, Nicholson AR, Maston WH, Tang LC. Prolongation of the life-span in mice adapted to large amounts of L-dopa. Proc Nat Acad 1974; 71: 2466-2469.
30. Steece-Collier K, Collier TJ, Sladek CD, Sladek JR. Chronic levodopa impairs morphological development of grafted embryonic dopamine neurons. Exp Neurol 1990; 110: 201-208.
31. Steece-Collier K, Turek DM, Collier TJ, Junn FS, Sladek JR. The detrimental effect of levodopa on behavioural efficacy of fetal dopamine neuron grafts in rats is reversible following prolonged withdrawal of chronic dosing. Brain Res 1995; 676: 404-408.
32. Blunt SB, Jenner P, Marsden CD. Suppressive effect of L-dopa on dopamine cells remaining in the ventral tegmental area of rats previously exposed to the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine. Mov Disord 1993; 8: 129-133.
33. Murer MG, Dziewczapolski G, Menalled LB, et al. Chronic levodopa is not toxic for remaining dopamine neurons, but instead promotes their recovery, in rats with moderate nigrostriatal lesions. Ann Neurol 1998; 43: 1-14.
34. Rajput AH, Fenton ME, Birdi S, Macaulay R. Is levodopa toxic to human substantia nigra? Mov Disord 1997; 12: 634-638.
35. Rajput AH, Uitti RJ, Offord KP. Timely levodopa (LD) administration prolongs survival in Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism & Rel Disord 1997; 3: 159-165.
36. Clarke CE. Does levodopa therapy delay death in Parkinson's disease? A review of the evidence. Mov Disord 1995; 10: 250-256.
37. Agid Y. Levodopa - is toxicity a myth? Neurology 1998; 50: 858-863.
38. Agid Y, Chase T, Marsden D. Adverse reactions to levodopa: drug toxicity or progression of disease? Lancet 1998; 351: 851-852.
39. Riley D. Is levodopa toxic to human substantia nigra? Mov Disord 1998; 13: 369-370.
40. Sage JI, Sonsalla PK, McHale DM, Heikkila RE, Duvoisin R. Clinical experience with duodenal infusions of levodopa for the treatment of motor fluctuations in Parkinson's disease. Adv Neurol 1990; 53: 383-386.
41. Kostic V, Przedborski S, Flaster E, Sternic N. Early development of levodopa-induced dyskinesias and response fluctuations in young-onset Parkinson's disease. Neurology 1991; 41: 202-205.
42. Marin C, Papa S, Engber TM, et al. MK-801 prevents levodopa-induced motor response alterations in parkinsonian rats. Brain Res 1996; 736: 202-205.
43. Papa SM, Chase TN. Levodopa-induced dyskinesias improved by a glutamate antagonist in Parkinsonian monkeys. Ann Neurol 1996; 39: 574-578.
44. Colosimo C, Merello M, Hughes AJ, Sieradzan K, Lees AJ. Motor response to acute dopaminergic challenge with apomorphine and levodopa in Parkinson's disease: implications for the pathogenesis of the on-off phenomenon. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1996; 60: 634-637.
45. Metman LV, Locatelli ER, Bravi D, Mouradian MM, Chase TN. Apomorphine responses in Parkinson's disease and the pathogenesis of motor complications. Neurology 1997; 48: 369-372.
46. Chase TN. The significance of continuous dopaminergic stimulation in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Drugs 1998; 55: 1-9.
47. Block G, Liss C, Reines S, et al. Comparison of immediate-release and controlled release carbidopa/levodopa in Parkinson's disease - a multicenter 5-year study. Eur Neurol 1997; 37: 23-27.
48. Przuntek H, Welzel D, Gerlach M, et al. Early institution of bromocriptine in Parkinson's disease inhibits the emergence of levodopa-associated motor side effects. Long-term results of the PRADO study. J Neural Transm 1996; 103: 699-715.
49. Giménez-Roldán S, Tolosa E, Burguera JA, et al. Early combination of bromocriptine and levodopa in Parkinson's disease: a prospective randomized study of two parallel groups over a total follow-up period of 44 months including an initial 8-month double-blind stage. Clin Neuropharmacol 1997; 20: 67-76.
50. Hely MA, Morris JGL, Reid WGJ, et al. The Sydney Multicentre Study of Parkinson's disease: a randomized, prospective five year study comparing low dose bromocriptine with low dose levodopa-carbidopa. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1994; 57: 903-910.
51. Lees AJ, Shaw KM, Stern GM. Bromocriptine in Parkinsonism. Lancet 1975; 709-710.
52. Parkinson's Disease Research Group in the United Kingdom. Comparisons of therapeutic effects of levodopa, levodopa and selegiline, and bromocriptine in patients with early, mild Parkinson's disease: three year interim report. Br Med J 1993; 307: 469-472.
53. Montastruc JL, Rascol, O., Senard JM, Rascol A. A randomized controlled study comparing bromocriptine to which levodopa was later added, with levodopa alone in previously untreated patients with Parkinson's disease: a five year follow-up. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1994; 57: 1034-1038.
54. Watts RL. The role of dopamine agonists in early Parkinson's disease. Neurology 1997; 49: S34-S48
55. Rinne UK. Combined bromocriptine-levodopa therapy early in Parkinson's disease. Neurology 1985; 35: 1196-1198.
56. Ogawa N, Kanazawa I, Kowa H, et al. Nationwide multicenter prospective study on the long-term effects of bromocriptine for Parkinson's disease - final report of a ten-year follow-up. Eur Neurol 1997; 38: 37-49.
57. Bergamasco B, Benna P, Scarzella L. Long-term bromocriptine treatment of de novo patients with Parkinson's disease. A seven-year follow-up. Acta Neurol Scand 1990; 81: 383-387.
58. Grimes JD, Delgado MR. Bromocriptine: problems with low-dose de novo therapy in Parkinson's disease. Clin Neuropharmacol 1985; 8: 73-77.
59. Wolters EC, Tissingh G, Bergmans PLM, Kuiper MA. Dopamine agonists in Parkinson's disease. Neurology 1995; 45 Suppl. 3: 28-34.
60. Rinne UK. Dopamine agonists as primary treatment in Parkinson's disease. Adv Neurol 1986; 45: 519-523.
61. Poewe WH, Rascol O, Brooks DJ, et al. Ropinirole in the treatment of early Parkinson's disease: a 6-month interim report of a 5-year levodopa-controlled study. Mov Disord 1998; 13: 39-45.
62. Shannon KM, Bennett JP, Jr., Friedman JH. Efficacy of pramipexole, a novel dopamine agonist, as monotherapy in mild to moderate Parkinson's disease. Neurology 1997; 49: 724-728.
63. Rinne UK, Bracco F, Chouza C, et al. Cabergoline in the treatment of early Parkinson's disease: results of the first year of treatment in a double-blind comparison of cabergoline and levodopa. Neurology 1997; 48: 363-368.
64. Carrion A, Weiner WJ, Shulman LM. A three and a half year experience with pramipexole (PMPX) monotherapy in patients with early Parkinson's disease (PD). Neurology 1998; 50: A330.
65. Larsen JP, Brunt E, Korczyn AD, et al. Ropinirole is effective in long-term treatment of patients with early Parkinson's disease. Neurology 1998; 50: A277.