Maintenance antiretroviral therapies in HIV-infected subjects with undetectable plasma HIV RNA after triple-drug therapy

New England Journal of Medicine

Volumn 339, Issue 18, 1998, Pages 1261-1268

  Havlir, Diane V ^a,b   Marschner, Ian C ^c   Hirsch, Martin S ^d   Collier, Ann C ^e   Tebas, Pablo ^f   Bassett, Roland L ^c   Ioannidis, John P A ^g   Holohan, M K ^h   Leavitt, Randi ⁱ   Boone, Gloria ^j   Richman, Douglas D ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b VA SAN DIEGO HEALTHCARE SYSTEM   (United States)

^c HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^d HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^f WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^g NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES   (United States)

^h AIDS Clinical Trials Group Operations Center   (United States)

ⁱ MERCK RESEARCH LABORATORIES   (United States)

^j GLAXOSMITHKLINE   (United States)

more..

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIRETROVIRUS AGENT; INDINAVIR; LAMIVUDINE; STAVUDINE; VIRUS RNA; ZIDOVUDINE;

ADULT; ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG EFFICACY; FATIGUE; FEMALE; GENE MUTATION; HELPER CELL; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; MAINTENANCE THERAPY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NAUSEA; NEPHROLITHIASIS; NEUTROPENIA; PRIORITY JOURNAL; VIRUS INHIBITION; VIRUS LOAD;

ADULT; ANTI-HIV AGENTS; DOUBLE-BLIND METHOD; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; FEMALE; HIV INFECTIONS; HIV-1; HUMANS; INDINAVIR; LAMIVUDINE; MALE; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; REMISSION INDUCTION; RNA, VIRAL; TREATMENT FAILURE; VIRAL LOAD; ZIDOVUDINE;

EID: 0032578860     PISSN: 00284793     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1056/NEJM199810293391801     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Carpenter CCJ, Fischl MA, Hammer SM, et al. Antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection in 1997: updated recommendations of the International AIDS Society-USA Panel. JAMA 1997;277:1962-9.
2. Cavert W, Notermans DW, Staskus K, et al. Kinetics of response in lymphoid tissues to antiretroviral therapy of HIV-1 infection. Science 1997;276:960-4. [Erratum, Science 1997;276:1321.]
3. Wong JK, Gunthard HF, Havlir DV, et al. Reduction of HIV-1 in blood and lymph nodes following potent antiretroviral therapy and the virologic correlates of treatment failure. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1997;94:12574-9.
4. Gulick RM, Mellors JW, Havlir D, et al. Treatment with indinavir, zidovudine, and lamivudine in adults with human immunodeficiency virus infection and prior antiretroviral therapy. N Engl J Med 1997;337:734-9.
5. Hammer SM, Squires KE, Hughes MD, et al. A controlled trial of two nucleoside analogues plus indinavir in persons with human immunodeficiency virus infection and CD4 cell counts of 200 per cubic millimeter or less. N Engl J Med 1997;337:725-33.
6. Wong J, Hezareh M, Gunthard HF, et al. Recovery of replication-competent HIV despite prolonged suppression of plasma viremia. Science 1997;278:1291-5.
7. Finzi D, Hermankova M, Pierson T, et al. Identification of a reservoir for HIV-1 in patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy. Science 1997; 278:1295-300.
8. Chun TW, Stuyver L, Mizell SB, et al. Presence of an inducible HIV-1 latent reservoir during highly active antiretroviral therapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1997;94:13193-7.
9. Ho DD, Neumann AU, Perelson AS, Chen W, Leonard JM, Markowitz M. Rapid turnover of plasma virions and CD4 lymphocytes in HIV-1 infection. Nature 1995;373:123-6.
10. Wei X, Ghosh SK, Taylor ME, et al. Viral dynamics in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. Nature 1995;373:117-22.
11. Leavitt R, Massari F, Nessly M, Meibohm A, Getson A, Chodakewitz J. Antiviral activity of indinavir (IDV) plus zidovudine (ZDV) compared to IDV or ZDV alone in antiretroviral naive patients. In: Programs and abstracts of the 36th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, New Orleans, September 15-18, 1996. Washington, D.C.: American Society for Microbiology, 1996:206. abstract.
12. Opravil M, DeMasi R, Hill A. Prediction of long-term HIV RNA suppression during zidovudine/lamivudine treatment. Antiviral Ther 1997;2: Suppl:62. abstract.
13. Stuyvcr L, Wyseur A, Rombout A, et al. Line probe assay for rapid detection of drug-selected mutations in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase gene. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1997;41: 284-91.
14. Lan KKG, DeMets DL. Discrete sequential boundaries for clinical trials. Biomctrika 1983;70:659-63.
15. Collett D. Modelling survival data in medical research. London: Chapman & Hall, 1994.
16. Chiasson MA, Berenson L, Li W, et al. Accelerating decline in New York City AIDS mortality. In: Program and abstracts: 5th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Chicago, February 1-5, 1998: 80. abstract.
17. Palella FJ Jr, Delancy KM, Moorman AC, et al. Declining morbidity and mortality among patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. N Engl J Med 1998;338:853-60.
18. McLean AR, Emery VC, Webster A, Griffiths PD. Population dynamics of HIV within an individual after treatment with zidovudine. AIDS 1991;5:485-9.
19. de Jong MD, Veenstra J, Stilianakis NI, et al. Host-parasite dynamics and outgrowth of virus containing a single K70R amino acid change in reverse transcriptase are responsible for the loss of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA load suppression by zidovudine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1996;93:5501-6.
20. Wein LM, D'Amato RM, Perelson AS. Mathematical analysis of antiretroviral therapy aimed at HIV-1 eradication or maintenance of low viral loads. J Theor Biol 1998;192:81-98.
21. Kempf DJ, Rode RA, Xu Y, et al. The duration of viral suppression during protease inhibitor therapy for HIV-1 infection is predicted by plasma HIV-1 RNA at the nadir. AIDS 1998;12:F9-F14.
22. Eron JJ, Benoit SL, Jemsek J, et al. Treatment with lamivudine, zidovudine, or both in HIV-positive patients with 200 to 500 CD4+ cells per cubic millimeter. N Engl J Med 1995;333:1662-9.
23. Katlama C, Ingrand D, Loveday C, et al. Safety and efficacy of lamivudine-zidovudine combination therapy in antiretroviral-naivc patients: a randomized controlled comparison with zidovudine monotherapy. JAMA 1996;276:118-25.
24. Raffi F, Pialoux G, Brun-Vezinet F, et al. Results of TRILEGE Trial: a comparison of three maintenance regimens for HIV infected adults receiving induction therapy with zidovudine (ZDV), lamivudine (3TC), and indinavir (IDV). In: Program and abstracts: 5th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Chicago, February 1-5, 1998:225. abstract.
25. Reijers MHE, Weverling GJ, Jurriaans SH, et al. Maintenance therapy after quadruple induction therapy in HIV-1 infected individuals: Amsterdam Duration of Antiretroviral Medication (ADAM) study. Lancet 1998; 352:185-90.
26. Hicks C, Hass D, Seekins D, et al. A phase II, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose ranging study to assess the antiretroviral activity and safety of DMP 266 (Efavirenz, Sustiva) in combination with open-label zidovudine (ZDV) with lamivudine (3TC) (DMP 266-005). In: Program and abstracts: 5th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Chicago, February 1-5, 1998:209. abstract.
27. Lal R, Hsu A, Granneman GR, et al. Multiple dose safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of ABT-378 in combination with ritonavir. In: Program and abstracts: 5th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Chicago, February 1-5, 1998:201. abstract.
28. Deeks SG, Barditch-Crovo P, Lietman PS, et al. The safety and efficacy of PMPA prodrug monotherapy: preliminary results of a phase I/II doseescalation study. In: Program and abstracts: 5th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Chicago, February 1-5, 1998:224. abstract.
29. Oh MD, Merrill DP, Hirsch MS. Induction and maintenance regimens of zidovudine (ZDV), lamivudine (3TC), and indinavir (IDV) in vitro. In: Program and abstracts: 5th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Chicago, February 1-5, 1998:198. abstract.
30. De Boer RJ, Boucher CAB, Perelson AS. Target cell availability and the successful suppression of HIV by hydroxyurea and didanosine. AIDS 1998;12:1567-70.
31. Lori F, Malykh A, Cara A, et al. Hydroxyurea as an inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 replication. Science 1994;266:801-5.
32. Rutschmann OT, Opravil M, Iten A, et al. A placebo-controlled trial of didanosine plus stavudine, with and without hydroxyurea, for HIV infection. AIDS 1998;12:F71-F77.