메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 280, Issue 5371, 1998, Pages 1938-1940

Bloodstream- versus tick-associated variants of a relapsing fever bacterium

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BORRELIA; BORRELIA INFECTION; DISEASE CARRIER; HUMAN; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SEROTYPE; TICK;

EID: 0032546854     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.280.5371.1938     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (135)

References (44)
  • 7
    • 0022341444 scopus 로고
    • J. T. Meier, M. I. Simon, A. G. Barbour, Cell 41, 403 (1985); R. H. A. Plasterk, M. I. Simon, A. G. Barbour, Nature 318, 257 (1985); B. I. Restrepo and A. G. Barbour, Cell 78, 867 (1994); B. I. Restrepo, C. J. Carter, A. G. Barbour, Mol. Microbiol. 13, 287 (1994).
    • (1985) Cell , vol.41 , pp. 403
    • Meier, J.T.1    Simon, M.I.2    Barbour, A.G.3
  • 8
    • 0022430232 scopus 로고
    • J. T. Meier, M. I. Simon, A. G. Barbour, Cell 41, 403 (1985); R. H. A. Plasterk, M. I. Simon, A. G. Barbour, Nature 318, 257 (1985); B. I. Restrepo and A. G. Barbour, Cell 78, 867 (1994); B. I. Restrepo, C. J. Carter, A. G. Barbour, Mol. Microbiol. 13, 287 (1994).
    • (1985) Nature , vol.318 , pp. 257
    • Plasterk, R.H.A.1    Simon, M.I.2    Barbour, A.G.3
  • 9
    • 0027965079 scopus 로고
    • J. T. Meier, M. I. Simon, A. G. Barbour, Cell 41, 403 (1985); R. H. A. Plasterk, M. I. Simon, A. G. Barbour, Nature 318, 257 (1985); B. I. Restrepo and A. G. Barbour, Cell 78, 867 (1994); B. I. Restrepo, C. J. Carter, A. G. Barbour, Mol. Microbiol. 13, 287 (1994).
    • (1994) Cell , vol.78 , pp. 867
    • Restrepo, B.I.1    Barbour, A.G.2
  • 10
    • 0028241233 scopus 로고
    • J. T. Meier, M. I. Simon, A. G. Barbour, Cell 41, 403 (1985); R. H. A. Plasterk, M. I. Simon, A. G. Barbour, Nature 318, 257 (1985); B. I. Restrepo and A. G. Barbour, Cell 78, 867 (1994); B. I. Restrepo, C. J. Carter, A. G. Barbour, Mol. Microbiol. 13, 287 (1994).
    • (1994) Mol. Microbiol. , vol.13 , pp. 287
    • Restrepo, B.I.1    Carter, C.J.2    Barbour, A.G.3
  • 12
    • 84884813346 scopus 로고
    • P. M. Southern and J. P. Sanford, Medicine 48, 129 (1968); A. G. Barbour and S. F. Hayes, Microbiol. Rev. 50, 381 (1986).
    • (1968) Medicine , vol.48 , pp. 129
    • Southern, P.M.1    Sanford, J.P.2
  • 13
  • 14
    • 2642714664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 7 spirochetes per milliliter. At this time, bloods smears were again made for serotype determination and another 75 second-stage nymphs were fed to repletion. Both cohorts of ticks were held at 27°C and 80% relative humidity. Immediately after feeding, infections in two ticks from each group were confirmed by darkfield microscopic examination of the midgut. Spirochetes in the blood smears from both mice used to infect ticks were examined with 25 serotype-specific antisera (7), which identified the initial infecting population as serotype 7 and the relapse as serotype 8.
  • 15
    • 2642618345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Ticks were allowed to molt, and then from 21 to 372 days after infection, ticks from each cohort were fed singly on individual mice that were 10 days old. Blood from each mouse was examined daily for 2 weeks, and the serotype of the spirochetes in the initial population was determined (7, 9).
  • 17
    • 2642713064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 7 spirochetes per milliliter of blood and then held at 27°C until the nymphs had molted to adults. The identity of the serotypes 7 and 8 in the mouse blood used to infect ticks was again confirmed by IFA.
  • 18
    • 2642670864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • After the molt of the nymphs to adults, we dissected the salivary glands, midgut, and synganglion for immunofluorescence analysis. Tick tissues were mixed in phosphate-buffered saline containing 0.75% bovine serum albumin, adhered to glass microscope slides, air dried, and fixed in acetone for 30 min. Spirochetes were visualized by incubation with monoclonal antibodies to flagellin (H9724) (30), Vmp7 (H9236) (31), or Vmp33 (H4825) (31), or a mouse polyclonal antibody to Vmp8 (7). This was followed by incubation with goat antibody to mouse immunoglobulin G conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate (Kirkegaard and Perry Laboratories, Gaithersburg, MD).
  • 21
    • 2642614240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 8 spirochetes per milliliter of blood. Infected blood from this mouse was cultured in BSK-H medium (Sigma, St. Louis) at 23° or 37°C until spirochetes reached stationary phase and then prepared for analysis of whole-cell lysates.
  • 28
  • 29
    • 0028335340 scopus 로고
    • R. T. Marconi, D. S. Samuels, T. G. Schwan, C. T. Garon, J. Clin. Microbiol. 31, 2577 (1993); N. Margolis, D. Hogan, W. Cieplak Jr., T. G. Schwan, P. A. Rosa, Gene 143, 105 (1994); B. Wilske et al., Infect. Immun. 61, 2182 (1993).
    • (1994) Gene , vol.143 , pp. 105
    • Margolis, N.1    Hogan, D.2    Cieplak Jr., W.3    Schwan, T.G.4    Rosa, P.A.5
  • 30
    • 0027309262 scopus 로고
    • R. T. Marconi, D. S. Samuels, T. G. Schwan, C. T. Garon, J. Clin. Microbiol. 31, 2577 (1993); N. Margolis, D. Hogan, W. Cieplak Jr., T. G. Schwan, P. A. Rosa, Gene 143, 105 (1994); B. Wilske et al., Infect. Immun. 61, 2182 (1993).
    • (1993) Infect. Immun. , vol.61 , pp. 2182
    • Wilske, B.1
  • 33
    • 0031587871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • T. G. Schwan, J. Piesman, W. T. Golde, M. C. Dolan, P. A. Rosa, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92, 2909 (1995); J. L. Coleman et al., Cell 89, 1111 (1997).
    • (1997) Cell , vol.89 , pp. 1111
    • Coleman, J.L.1
  • 34
    • 0023148783 scopus 로고
    • J. Piesman, T. M. Mather, R. J. Sinsky, A. Spielman, J. Clin. Microbiol. 25, 557 (1987); J. M. C. Ribeiro, T. N. Mather, J. Piesman, A. Spielman, J. Med. Entomol. 24, 201 (1987); J. L. Zung et al., Can. J. Zool. 67, 1737 (1989).
    • (1987) J. Clin. Microbiol. , vol.25 , pp. 557
    • Piesman, J.1    Mather, T.M.2    Sinsky, R.J.3    Spielman, A.4
  • 35
    • 0023100179 scopus 로고
    • J. Piesman, T. M. Mather, R. J. Sinsky, A. Spielman, J. Clin. Microbiol. 25, 557 (1987); J. M. C. Ribeiro, T. N. Mather, J. Piesman, A. Spielman, J. Med. Entomol. 24, 201 (1987); J. L. Zung et al., Can. J. Zool. 67, 1737 (1989).
    • (1987) J. Med. Entomol. , vol.24 , pp. 201
    • Ribeiro, J.M.C.1    Mather, T.N.2    Piesman, J.3    Spielman, A.4
  • 36
    • 0023148783 scopus 로고
    • J. Piesman, T. M. Mather, R. J. Sinsky, A. Spielman, J. Clin. Microbiol. 25, 557 (1987); J. M. C. Ribeiro, T. N. Mather, J. Piesman, A. Spielman, J. Med. Entomol. 24, 201 (1987); J. L. Zung et al., Can. J. Zool. 67, 1737 (1989).
    • (1989) Can. J. Zool. , vol.67 , pp. 1737
    • Zung, J.L.1
  • 38
    • 0022054005 scopus 로고
    • S. L. Hajduk and K. Vickerman, Parasitology 83, 609 (1981); M.-F. Delauw et al., EMBO J. 4, 989 (1985).
    • (1985) EMBO J. , vol.4 , pp. 989
    • Delauw, M.-F.1
  • 40
    • 0015245768 scopus 로고
    • R. Kelly, Science 173, 443 (1971); A. G. Barbour, Yale J. Biol. Med. 57, 521 (1984).
    • (1971) Science , vol.173 , pp. 443
    • Kelly, R.1
  • 43
    • 0023071673 scopus 로고
    • J. M. Cruse and R. E. Lewis Jr., Eds. Karger, Basel, Switzerland
    • A. G. Barbour, in Contributions to Microbiology and Immunology, J. M. Cruse and R. E. Lewis Jr., Eds. (Karger, Basel, Switzerland, 1987), vol. 8, pp. 125-137.
    • (1987) Contributions to Microbiology and Immunology , vol.8 , pp. 125-137
    • Barbour, A.G.1
  • 44
    • 2642670055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • We thank M. Schrumpf and R. Karstens for technical assistance, R. Evans and G. Hettrick for help with the figures, and P. Rosa, B. Stevenson, and J. Bono for reviewing the manuscript. The use of animals for this study was approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee at the Rocky Mountain Laboratories.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.