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7144239198
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8 cells/ml. Gels were run on a BRL CHEF apparatus in the absence of ethidium bromide at 175 V for 15 hours with a 70-s switch interval followed by an additional 10 hours with a 120-s switch interval at 2°C.
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7144245732
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note
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600) of 0.1 and incubated at 37°C. Samples were tested every hour for 9 hours. Cell viability was calculated as the number of viable colonies formed after plating at 23°C at each time point divided by the number of colonies that formed after plating at 23°C at the 0 hour time point.
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7144266556
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Supplementary material is available at www. sciencemag.org/feature/data/974048.shl.
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7144265540
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8) were harvested and lysed for each hourly time point
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8) were harvested and lysed for each hourly time point.
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25
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7144224123
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note
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The orc5 ts alleles were created by in vitro mutagenesis of the cloned ORC5 gene by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR-mutagenized DNA pools were cotransformed into yeast cells with a gapped plasmid missing most of the ORC5 reading frame such that in vivo recombination would restore plasmid-borne copies of ORC5. In one screen, an orc5-1 strain (JRY4253) was transformed and the transformants were screened for their inability to complement the ts defect of orc5-1 (34). Putative new ts alleles were then recovered and transformed into an orc5 Δ strain. orc5-2 through orc5-12 were identified in this manner. The remaining alleles were identified by directly transforming the orc5Δ strain (JRY4154) with the mutagenic PCR reaction and the gapped plasmid in a plasmid-shuffle protocol. Transformants were screened for their ability to complement orc5Δ at 23°C, but not at 37°C.
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7144249449
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600 = 0.05 for each time point. All strains were made p°, hence lacking mitochondrial DNA, to avoid interference of mitochondrial DNA
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600 = 0.05 for each time point. All strains were made p°, hence lacking mitochondrial DNA, to avoid interference of mitochondrial DNA.
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7144220177
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600 = 0.05 at either 37° or 23°C. For PFGE, cells were similarly released from the M phase block and cells were harvested after 200 min at either 37° or 23°C.
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7144221256
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note
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S).
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31
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Supplementary material is available at www. sciencemag.org/feature/data/974048.shl.
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7144225220
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note
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r p° kar1-1) (M. Rose), JRY5487 (JRY3009 orc5Δp° pRS316-ORC5), JRY5493 (JRY3009 ADE2 lys2Δ hmrΔ::URA3 orc5-1).
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36
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7144247829
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note
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We thank members of the Rine lab, especially M. Neff, for insightful discussions; C. Beh for help with the karyogamy experiments; M. Botchan, S. Martin, and S. Okamura for comments on the manuscript; M. Rose and T. Weinert for strains; and B. Hyun (University of California, San Francisco) for help with FACScan analysis. Supported by an NIH predoctoral fellowship and a Genentech Distinguished Predoctoral Research Fellowship to A.D., a grant from the National Institutes of Health (GM-31105), and by a Mutagenesis Center grant from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences for core support (P30ESO1896-12).
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