Ordered dendritic nanorods with a poly(p-phenylene) backbone

Journal of the American Chemical Society

Volumn 120, Issue 31, 1998, Pages 7691-7695

  Stocker, Wolfgang ^a   Karakaya, Birol ^b   Schürmann, Britta L ^a   Rabe, Jürgen P ^a   Schlüter, A Dieter ^b  

^a HUMBOLDT UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

^b FREIE UNIVERSITÄT BERLIN   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BENZENE DERIVATIVE; DENDRIMER;

ARTICLE; CONFORMATIONAL TRANSITION; MOLECULAR DYNAMICS; POLYMERIZATION; REACTION ANALYSIS; SCANNING FORCE MICROSCOPY;

EID: 0032511372     PISSN: 00027863     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/ja980151q     Document Type: Article

References (20)

1. Newkome, G. R.; Moorefield, C. N.; Vögtle, F. Dendritic Molecules: Concepts, Syntheses, Perspectives; VCH: Weinheim, Germany, 1996.
2. (a) Karakaya, B.; Claussen, W.; Gessler, K.; Saenger, W.; Schlüter, A.-D. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 3296.
3. See also: (b) Neubert, I.; Amoulong-Kirstein, E.; Schlüter, A.-D. Macromol. Rapid Commun. 1996, 17,517. An attempt toward cylindrically shaped dendrimers was mentioned in the following: Tomalia, D. A.; Naylor, A. M.; Goddard, W. A., III. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 138. A corresponding patent is also available: Tomalia, D. A.; Kirchhoff, P. M. U.S. Patent 4,694,064, 1987. Some experiments from the laboratory of Prof. Tomalia will be published shortly: Tomalia, D. A.; et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc., submitted. They involve a divergent growth strategy and can therefore intrinsically not provide cylinders with monodispers diameters. Other remarkable approaches to extremely rigid structures were reported in the following: Wintermantel, M.; Fischer, K.; Gerle, M.; Ries, R.; Schmidt, M.; Kajiwara, K.; Urakawa, H.; Wataoka, I. Angew: Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1995, 34, 1472. Sheiko, S. S.; Gerle, M.; Fischer, K.; Schmidt, M.; Möller, M. Langmuir 1997, 13, 5368. For polymers with tapered side chains which form cylindrically shaped structures in the solid state, see: Percec, V. J. Macromol. Sci. 1994, A31, 1031. For cylindrical supramolecular assemblies of dendrons, see: Percec, V.; Johansson, G.; Ungar, G.; Zhou, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 9855. Percec, V.; Ahn, C.-H.; Ungar, G.; Yeardley, D. J. P.; Möller, M.; Sheiko, S. S. Nature 1998, 391, 161. Hudson, S. D.; Jung, H.-T.; Percec, V., Cho, W.-D.; Johansson, G.; Ungar, G.; Balagurusamy, V. S. K. Science 1997, 278, 449.
4. See also: (b) Neubert, I.; Amoulong-Kirstein, E.; Schlüter, A.-D. Macromol. Rapid Commun. 1996, 17,517. An attempt toward cylindrically shaped dendrimers was mentioned in the following: Tomalia, D. A.; Naylor, A. M.; Goddard, W. A., III. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 138. A corresponding patent is also available: Tomalia, D. A.; Kirchhoff, P. M. U.S. Patent 4,694,064, 1987. Some experiments from the laboratory of Prof. Tomalia will be published shortly: Tomalia, D. A.; et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc., submitted. They involve a divergent growth strategy and can therefore intrinsically not provide cylinders with monodispers diameters. Other remarkable approaches to extremely rigid structures were reported in the following: Wintermantel, M.; Fischer, K.; Gerle, M.; Ries, R.; Schmidt, M.; Kajiwara, K.; Urakawa, H.; Wataoka, I. Angew: Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1995, 34, 1472. Sheiko, S. S.; Gerle, M.; Fischer, K.; Schmidt, M.; Möller, M. Langmuir 1997, 13, 5368. For polymers with tapered side chains which form cylindrically shaped structures in the solid state, see: Percec, V. J. Macromol. Sci. 1994, A31, 1031. For cylindrical supramolecular assemblies of dendrons, see: Percec, V.; Johansson, G.; Ungar, G.; Zhou, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 9855. Percec, V.; Ahn, C.-H.; Ungar, G.; Yeardley, D. J. P.; Möller, M.; Sheiko, S. S. Nature 1998, 391, 161. Hudson, S. D.; Jung, H.-T.; Percec, V., Cho, W.-D.; Johansson, G.; Ungar, G.; Balagurusamy, V. S. K. Science 1997, 278, 449.
5. See also: (b) Neubert, I.; Amoulong-Kirstein, E.; Schlüter, A.-D. Macromol. Rapid Commun. 1996, 17,517. An attempt toward cylindrically shaped dendrimers was mentioned in the following: Tomalia, D. A.; Naylor, A. M.; Goddard, W. A., III. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 138. A corresponding patent is also available: Tomalia, D. A.; Kirchhoff, P. M. U.S. Patent 4,694,064, 1987. Some experiments from the laboratory of Prof. Tomalia will be published shortly: Tomalia, D. A.; et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc., submitted. They involve a divergent growth strategy and can therefore intrinsically not provide cylinders with monodispers diameters. Other remarkable approaches to extremely rigid structures were reported in the following: Wintermantel, M.; Fischer, K.; Gerle, M.; Ries, R.; Schmidt, M.; Kajiwara, K.; Urakawa, H.; Wataoka, I. Angew: Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1995, 34, 1472. Sheiko, S. S.; Gerle, M.; Fischer, K.; Schmidt, M.; Möller, M. Langmuir 1997, 13, 5368. For polymers with tapered side chains which form cylindrically shaped structures in the solid state, see: Percec, V. J. Macromol. Sci. 1994, A31, 1031. For cylindrical supramolecular assemblies of dendrons, see: Percec, V.; Johansson, G.; Ungar, G.; Zhou, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 9855. Percec, V.; Ahn, C.-H.; Ungar, G.; Yeardley, D. J. P.; Möller, M.; Sheiko, S. S. Nature 1998, 391, 161. Hudson, S. D.; Jung, H.-T.; Percec, V., Cho, W.-D.; Johansson, G.; Ungar, G.; Balagurusamy, V. S. K. Science 1997, 278, 449.
6. See also: (b) Neubert, I.; Amoulong-Kirstein, E.; Schlüter, A.-D. Macromol. Rapid Commun. 1996, 17,517. An attempt toward cylindrically shaped dendrimers was mentioned in the following: Tomalia, D. A.; Naylor, A. M.; Goddard, W. A., III. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 138. A corresponding patent is also available: Tomalia, D. A.; Kirchhoff, P. M. U.S. Patent 4,694,064, 1987. Some experiments from the laboratory of Prof. Tomalia will be published shortly: Tomalia, D. A.; et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc., submitted. They involve a divergent growth strategy and can therefore intrinsically not provide cylinders with monodispers diameters. Other remarkable approaches to extremely rigid structures were reported in the following: Wintermantel, M.; Fischer, K.; Gerle, M.; Ries, R.; Schmidt, M.; Kajiwara, K.; Urakawa, H.; Wataoka, I. Angew: Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1995, 34, 1472. Sheiko, S. S.; Gerle, M.; Fischer, K.; Schmidt, M.; Möller, M. Langmuir 1997, 13, 5368. For polymers with tapered side chains which form cylindrically shaped structures in the solid state, see: Percec, V. J. Macromol. Sci. 1994, A31, 1031. For cylindrical supramolecular assemblies of dendrons, see: Percec, V.; Johansson, G.; Ungar, G.; Zhou, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 9855. Percec, V.; Ahn, C.-H.; Ungar, G.; Yeardley, D. J. P.; Möller, M.; Sheiko, S. S. Nature 1998, 391, 161. Hudson, S. D.; Jung, H.-T.; Percec, V., Cho, W.-D.; Johansson, G.; Ungar, G.; Balagurusamy, V. S. K. Science 1997, 278, 449.
7. See also: (b) Neubert, I.; Amoulong-Kirstein, E.; Schlüter, A.-D. Macromol. Rapid Commun. 1996, 17,517. An attempt toward cylindrically shaped dendrimers was mentioned in the following: Tomalia, D. A.; Naylor, A. M.; Goddard, W. A., III. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 138. A corresponding patent is also available: Tomalia, D. A.; Kirchhoff, P. M. U.S. Patent 4,694,064, 1987. Some experiments from the laboratory of Prof. Tomalia will be published shortly: Tomalia, D. A.; et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc., submitted. They involve a divergent growth strategy and can therefore intrinsically not provide cylinders with monodispers diameters. Other remarkable approaches to extremely rigid structures were reported in the following: Wintermantel, M.; Fischer, K.; Gerle, M.; Ries, R.; Schmidt, M.; Kajiwara, K.; Urakawa, H.; Wataoka, I. Angew: Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1995, 34, 1472. Sheiko, S. S.; Gerle, M.; Fischer, K.; Schmidt, M.; Möller, M. Langmuir 1997, 13, 5368. For polymers with tapered side chains which form cylindrically shaped structures in the solid state, see: Percec, V. J. Macromol. Sci. 1994, A31, 1031. For cylindrical supramolecular assemblies of dendrons, see: Percec, V.; Johansson, G.; Ungar, G.; Zhou, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 9855. Percec, V.; Ahn, C.-H.; Ungar, G.; Yeardley, D. J. P.; Möller, M.; Sheiko, S. S. Nature 1998, 391, 161. Hudson, S. D.; Jung, H.-T.; Percec, V., Cho, W.-D.; Johansson, G.; Ungar, G.; Balagurusamy, V. S. K. Science 1997, 278, 449.
8. See also: (b) Neubert, I.; Amoulong-Kirstein, E.; Schlüter, A.-D. Macromol. Rapid Commun. 1996, 17,517. An attempt toward cylindrically shaped dendrimers was mentioned in the following: Tomalia, D. A.; Naylor, A. M.; Goddard, W. A., III. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 138. A corresponding patent is also available: Tomalia, D. A.; Kirchhoff, P. M. U.S. Patent 4,694,064, 1987. Some experiments from the laboratory of Prof. Tomalia will be published shortly: Tomalia, D. A.; et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc., submitted. They involve a divergent growth strategy and can therefore intrinsically not provide cylinders with monodispers diameters. Other remarkable approaches to extremely rigid structures were reported in the following: Wintermantel, M.; Fischer, K.; Gerle, M.; Ries, R.; Schmidt, M.; Kajiwara, K.; Urakawa, H.; Wataoka, I. Angew: Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1995, 34, 1472. Sheiko, S. S.; Gerle, M.; Fischer, K.; Schmidt, M.; Möller, M. Langmuir 1997, 13, 5368. For polymers with tapered side chains which form cylindrically shaped structures in the solid state, see: Percec, V. J. Macromol. Sci. 1994, A31, 1031. For cylindrical supramolecular assemblies of dendrons, see: Percec, V.; Johansson, G.; Ungar, G.; Zhou, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 9855. Percec, V.; Ahn, C.-H.; Ungar, G.; Yeardley, D. J. P.; Möller, M.; Sheiko, S. S. Nature 1998, 391, 161. Hudson, S. D.; Jung, H.-T.; Percec, V., Cho, W.-D.; Johansson, G.; Ungar, G.; Balagurusamy, V. S. K. Science 1997, 278, 449.
9. See also: (b) Neubert, I.; Amoulong-Kirstein, E.; Schlüter, A.-D. Macromol. Rapid Commun. 1996, 17,517. An attempt toward cylindrically shaped dendrimers was mentioned in the following: Tomalia, D. A.; Naylor, A. M.; Goddard, W. A., III. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 138. A corresponding patent is also available: Tomalia, D. A.; Kirchhoff, P. M. U.S. Patent 4,694,064, 1987. Some experiments from the laboratory of Prof. Tomalia will be published shortly: Tomalia, D. A.; et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc., submitted. They involve a divergent growth strategy and can therefore intrinsically not provide cylinders with monodispers diameters. Other remarkable approaches to extremely rigid structures were reported in the following: Wintermantel, M.; Fischer, K.; Gerle, M.; Ries, R.; Schmidt, M.; Kajiwara, K.; Urakawa, H.; Wataoka, I. Angew: Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1995, 34, 1472. Sheiko, S. S.; Gerle, M.; Fischer, K.; Schmidt, M.; Möller, M. Langmuir 1997, 13, 5368. For polymers with tapered side chains which form cylindrically shaped structures in the solid state, see: Percec, V. J. Macromol. Sci. 1994, A31, 1031. For cylindrical supramolecular assemblies of dendrons, see: Percec, V.; Johansson, G.; Ungar, G.; Zhou, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 9855. Percec, V.; Ahn, C.-H.; Ungar, G.; Yeardley, D. J. P.; Möller, M.; Sheiko, S. S. Nature 1998, 391, 161. Hudson, S. D.; Jung, H.-T.; Percec, V., Cho, W.-D.; Johansson, G.; Ungar, G.; Balagurusamy, V. S. K. Science 1997, 278, 449.
10. See also: (b) Neubert, I.; Amoulong-Kirstein, E.; Schlüter, A.-D. Macromol. Rapid Commun. 1996, 17,517. An attempt toward cylindrically shaped dendrimers was mentioned in the following: Tomalia, D. A.; Naylor, A. M.; Goddard, W. A., III. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 138. A corresponding patent is also available: Tomalia, D. A.; Kirchhoff, P. M. U.S. Patent 4,694,064, 1987. Some experiments from the laboratory of Prof. Tomalia will be published shortly: Tomalia, D. A.; et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc., submitted. They involve a divergent growth strategy and can therefore intrinsically not provide cylinders with monodispers diameters. Other remarkable approaches to extremely rigid structures were reported in the following: Wintermantel, M.; Fischer, K.; Gerle, M.; Ries, R.; Schmidt, M.; Kajiwara, K.; Urakawa, H.; Wataoka, I. Angew: Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1995, 34, 1472. Sheiko, S. S.; Gerle, M.; Fischer, K.; Schmidt, M.; Möller, M. Langmuir 1997, 13, 5368. For polymers with tapered side chains which form cylindrically shaped structures in the solid state, see: Percec, V. J. Macromol. Sci. 1994, A31, 1031. For cylindrical supramolecular assemblies of dendrons, see: Percec, V.; Johansson, G.; Ungar, G.; Zhou, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 9855. Percec, V.; Ahn, C.-H.; Ungar, G.; Yeardley, D. J. P.; Möller, M.; Sheiko, S. S. Nature 1998, 391, 161. Hudson, S. D.; Jung, H.-T.; Percec, V., Cho, W.-D.; Johansson, G.; Ungar, G.; Balagurusamy, V. S. K. Science 1997, 278, 449.
11. See also: (b) Neubert, I.; Amoulong-Kirstein, E.; Schlüter, A.-D. Macromol. Rapid Commun. 1996, 17,517. An attempt toward cylindrically shaped dendrimers was mentioned in the following: Tomalia, D. A.; Naylor, A. M.; Goddard, W. A., III. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 138. A corresponding patent is also available: Tomalia, D. A.; Kirchhoff, P. M. U.S. Patent 4,694,064, 1987. Some experiments from the laboratory of Prof. Tomalia will be published shortly: Tomalia, D. A.; et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc., submitted. They involve a divergent growth strategy and can therefore intrinsically not provide cylinders with monodispers diameters. Other remarkable approaches to extremely rigid structures were reported in the following: Wintermantel, M.; Fischer, K.; Gerle, M.; Ries, R.; Schmidt, M.; Kajiwara, K.; Urakawa, H.; Wataoka, I. Angew: Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1995, 34, 1472. Sheiko, S. S.; Gerle, M.; Fischer, K.; Schmidt, M.; Möller, M. Langmuir 1997, 13, 5368. For polymers with tapered side chains which form cylindrically shaped structures in the solid state, see: Percec, V. J. Macromol. Sci. 1994, A31, 1031. For cylindrical supramolecular assemblies of dendrons, see: Percec, V.; Johansson, G.; Ungar, G.; Zhou, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 9855. Percec, V.; Ahn, C.-H.; Ungar, G.; Yeardley, D. J. P.; Möller, M.; Sheiko, S. S. Nature 1998, 391, 161. Hudson, S. D.; Jung, H.-T.; Percec, V., Cho, W.-D.; Johansson, G.; Ungar, G.; Balagurusamy, V. S. K. Science 1997, 278, 449.
12. See also: (b) Neubert, I.; Amoulong-Kirstein, E.; Schlüter, A.-D. Macromol. Rapid Commun. 1996, 17,517. An attempt toward cylindrically shaped dendrimers was mentioned in the following: Tomalia, D. A.; Naylor, A. M.; Goddard, W. A., III. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 138. A corresponding patent is also available: Tomalia, D. A.; Kirchhoff, P. M. U.S. Patent 4,694,064, 1987. Some experiments from the laboratory of Prof. Tomalia will be published shortly: Tomalia, D. A.; et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc., submitted. They involve a divergent growth strategy and can therefore intrinsically not provide cylinders with monodispers diameters. Other remarkable approaches to extremely rigid structures were reported in the following: Wintermantel, M.; Fischer, K.; Gerle, M.; Ries, R.; Schmidt, M.; Kajiwara, K.; Urakawa, H.; Wataoka, I. Angew: Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1995, 34, 1472. Sheiko, S. S.; Gerle, M.; Fischer, K.; Schmidt, M.; Möller, M. Langmuir 1997, 13, 5368. For polymers with tapered side chains which form cylindrically shaped structures in the solid state, see: Percec, V. J. Macromol. Sci. 1994, A31, 1031. For cylindrical supramolecular assemblies of dendrons, see: Percec, V.; Johansson, G.; Ungar, G.; Zhou, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 9855. Percec, V.; Ahn, C.-H.; Ungar, G.; Yeardley, D. J. P.; Möller, M.; Sheiko, S. S. Nature 1998, 391, 161. Hudson, S. D.; Jung, H.-T.; Percec, V., Cho, W.-D.; Johansson, G.; Ungar, G.; Balagurusamy, V. S. K. Science 1997, 278, 449.
13. Binnig, G.; Quate, C. F.; Gerber C. Phys. Rev. Lett. 1986, 56, 930.
14. Zhong, Q.; Inniss, D.; Elings V. Surf. Sci. 1993, 290, 688.
15. Hansma, H. G.; Vesenka, J.; Siegerist, C.; Kelderman, G.; Morret, H.; Sinsheimer, R. L.; Elings, V.; Bustamate, C.; Hansma, P. K. Science 1992, 256, 1180.
16. Hansma, H. G.; Motademi, F.; Smith, P.; Hansma, P. K.; Wittmann, J. C. Polymer 1992, 33. 674.
17. Stocker, W.; Schumacher, M.; Graff, S.; Lang, J.; Wittmann, J. C.; Lovinger, A. J.; Lotz, B. Macromolecules 1994, 27, 6948.
18. Stocker, W.; Beckmann, J.; Stadler, R.; Rabe, J. P. Macromolecules 1996, 29, 7502.
19. Stabel, A.; Heinz, R.; DeSchryver, F. C.; Rabe, J. P. J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 505.
20. Stocker, W.; Schürmann, B. L.; Rabe, J. P.; Förster, S.; Lindner, P.; Neubert, I.; Schlüter, A.-D. Adv. Mater. 1998, in press.