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of outstanding interest. The activity of neurons in the human medial temporal lobe was recorded during a recognition memory task. Recordings were carried out in patients with intractable epilepsy who underwent implantation of intracranial electrodes in order to identify the seizure focus for potential surgical resection. The cells discriminated faces from nonfaces objects, and often responded selectively to specific emotional expressions. Activity was dependent on novelty or familiarity. During the recognition task, the firing of some cells was more reliable than the person's conscious recollection.
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Fried I, Macdonald KA, Wilson CL. Single neuron activity in human hippocampus and amygdala during recognition of faces and objects. of outstanding interest Neuron. 18:1997;753-765 The activity of neurons in the human medial temporal lobe was recorded during a recognition memory task. Recordings were carried out in patients with intractable epilepsy who underwent implantation of intracranial electrodes in order to identify the seizure focus for potential surgical resection. The cells discriminated faces from nonfaces objects, and often responded selectively to specific emotional expressions. Activity was dependent on novelty or familiarity. During the recognition task, the firing of some cells was more reliable than the person's conscious recollection.
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Fried, I.1
MacDonald, K.A.2
Wilson, C.L.3
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59
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Projections to the frontal cortex from the posterior parietal region in the rhesus monkey
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Petrides M, Pandya DN. Projections to the frontal cortex from the posterior parietal region in the rhesus monkey. J Comp Neurol. 228:1984;105-116.
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Petrides, M.1
Pandya, D.N.2
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60
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Neuronal activity related to saccadic eye movements in the monkey's dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
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Funahashi S, Bruce CJ, Goldman-Rakic PS. Neuronal activity related to saccadic eye movements in the monkey's dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. J Neurophysiol. 65:1991;1464-1483.
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Funahashi, S.1
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Goldman-Rakic, P.S.3
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61
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Delay-period activity in the primate prefrontal cortex encoding multiple spatial positions and their order of presentation
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of special interest. Single-neuron activity was recorded while monkeys performed a delayed sequential reaching task, in which they needed to remember two cue positions out of three and their temporal order of presentation. Responses were found to be position-dependent. Interestingly, some cells exhibited delay-period activity only when the visual cues were presented at two positions out of three. The study shows the high spatial selectivity of this prefrontal area.
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Funahashi S, Inoue M, Kubota K. Delay-period activity in the primate prefrontal cortex encoding multiple spatial positions and their order of presentation. of special interest Behav Brain Res. 84:1997;203-223 Single-neuron activity was recorded while monkeys performed a delayed sequential reaching task, in which they needed to remember two cue positions out of three and their temporal order of presentation. Responses were found to be position-dependent. Interestingly, some cells exhibited delay-period activity only when the visual cues were presented at two positions out of three. The study shows the high spatial selectivity of this prefrontal area.
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Behav Brain Res
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Funahashi, S.1
Inoue, M.2
Kubota, K.3
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62
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0032570786
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An area specialized for spatial working memory in human frontal cortex
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By using functional magnetic resonance imaging in humans, an area in the superior frontal sulcus was identified that is specialized for spatial working memory. This area is located more superiorly and posteriorly in the human brain than in the monkey brain.
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Courtney SM, Petit L, Maisog JM, Ungerleider LG, Haxby JV. An area specialized for spatial working memory in human frontal cortex. Science. 279:1998;1347-1351 By using functional magnetic resonance imaging in humans, an area in the superior frontal sulcus was identified that is specialized for spatial working memory. This area is located more superiorly and posteriorly in the human brain than in the monkey brain.
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Science
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Courtney, S.M.1
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Haxby, J.V.5
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64
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Integration of what and where in the primate prefrontal cortex
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of outstanding interest. Monkeys were trained to fixate while a sample object was briefly presented at the center of the screen. After a delay, two test objects were briefly presented at two of four possible extrafoveal locations. One object matched the sample, the other did not. After another delay, the monkey had to make a saccade to the remembered location of the match. The task required the animal to remember the object's identity over the first delay (object-delay), use that information to find the match, and subsequently remember its location over the second delay (position-delay) in order to perform the correct saccadic eye movement. Neurons were found that fired selectively during the object- or position-delay. About half of the population, however, appeared to contribute to both object and spatial working memory. Thus, the neurons of this area may contribute directly to the linking of the object and spatial information needed to guide the animal's behavior.
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Rao SC, Rainer G, Miller EK. Integration of what and where in the primate prefrontal cortex. of outstanding interest Science. 276:1997;821-824 Monkeys were trained to fixate while a sample object was briefly presented at the center of the screen. After a delay, two test objects were briefly presented at two of four possible extrafoveal locations. One object matched the sample, the other did not. After another delay, the monkey had to make a saccade to the remembered location of the match. The task required the animal to remember the object's identity over the first delay (object-delay), use that information to find the match, and subsequently remember its location over the second delay (position-delay) in order to perform the correct saccadic eye movement. Neurons were found that fired selectively during the object- or position-delay. About half of the population, however, appeared to contribute to both object and spatial working memory. Thus, the neurons of this area may contribute directly to the linking of the object and spatial information needed to guide the animal's behavior.
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Science
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Rao, S.C.1
Rainer, G.2
Miller, E.K.3
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65
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Consciousness and neuroscience
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of outstanding interest. A review of a scientific approach to the problem of consciousness. The authors discuss visual awareness as one basic form of consciousness. They often interesting neuroscientific explanations of awareness and discuss how function of neutrons in the brain may be able to explain subjective experience.
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Crick F, Koch C. Consciousness and neuroscience. of outstanding interest Cereb Cortex. 8:1998;97-107 A review of a scientific approach to the problem of consciousness. The authors discuss visual awareness as one basic form of consciousness. They often interesting neuroscientific explanations of awareness and discuss how function of neutrons in the brain may be able to explain subjective experience.
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Cereb Cortex
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Crick, F.1
Koch, C.2
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A cytoarchitectural study of prefrontal area of the macaque monkey
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Walker AE. A cytoarchitectural study of prefrontal area of the macaque monkey. J Comp Neurol. 73:1940;59-86.
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J Comp Neurol
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Walker, A.E.1
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Parietal, temporal, and occipital projections to cortex of the superior temporal sulcus in the rhesus monkey: A retrograde tracer study
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Seltzer JB, Pandya DN. Parietal, temporal, and occipital projections to cortex of the superior temporal sulcus in the rhesus monkey: a retrograde tracer study. J Comp Neurol. 343:1994;445-463.
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J Comp Neurol
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Seltzer, J.B.1
Pandya, D.N.2
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