Regulatory mechanisms of growth hormone secretion are sexually dimorphic

Journal of Clinical Investigation

Volumn 102, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 153-164

  Jaffe, Craig A ^a,c   Ocampo Lim, Blanca ^a   Guo, Wensheng ^b   Krueger, Kathryn ^a   Sugahara, Ikuko ^a   DeMott Friberg, Roberta ^a   Bermann, Martin ^a   Barkan, Ariel L ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

Author keywords

Human; Hypothalamus; Insulin like growth factor I; Pituitary; Thyroid stimulating hormone

Indexed keywords

GROWTH HORMONE; GROWTH HORMONE RELEASING FACTOR; SOMATOMEDIN C; THYROTROPIN;

ADULT; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; GROWTH HORMONE RELEASE; HORMONAL REGULATION; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; HYPOTHALAMUS HYPOPHYSIS SYSTEM; MALE; NEGATIVE FEEDBACK; NORMAL HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SEX DIFFERENCE;

EID: 0032128145     PISSN: 00219738     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1172/JCI2908     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Jansson, J.O., S. Eden, and O. Isaksson. 1985. Sexual dimorphism in the control of growth hormone secretion. Endocrine Rev. 6:128-150.
2. Waxman, D.J., N.A. Pampori, P.A. Ram, A.K. Agrawal, and B.H. Shapiro. 1941. Interpulse interval in circulating growth hormone patterns regulates sexually dimorphic expression of hepatic cytochrome P450. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 88:6868-6872.
3. Clark, R.G., and I.C. Robinson. 1988. Paradoxical growth-promoting effects induced by patterned infusions of somatostatin in female rats. Endocrinology. 122:2675-2682.
4. Ho, K.Y., W.S. Evans, R.M. Blizzard, J.D. Veldhuis, G.R. Merriam, E. Samojlik, R. Furlanetto, A.D. Rogol, D.L. Kaiser, and M.O. Thorner. 1987. Effects of sex and age on the 24-hour profile of growth hormone secretion in man: importance of endogenous estradiol concentrations. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 64:51-58.
5. Winer, L.M., M.A. Shaw, and G. Baumann. 1990. Basal plasma growth hormone levels in man: new evidence for rhythmicity of growth hormone secretion. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 70:1678-1686.
6. Van den Berg, G., J.D. Veldhuis, M. Frolich, and F. Roelfsema. 1996. An amplitude-specific divergence in the pulsatile mode of growth hormone (GH) secretion underlies the gender difference in mean GH concentrations in men and premenopausal women. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 81:2460-2467.
7. Zadik, Z., S.A. Chalew, R.J. McCarter, M. Meistas, and A.A. Kowarski. 1985. Influence of age on the 24-hour integrated concentration of growth hormone in normal individuals. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 60:513-516.
8. Pincus, S.M., E.F. Gevers, I.C.A.F. Robinson, G. Van den Berg, F. Roelfsema, M.L. Hartman, and J.D. Veldhuis. 1996. Females secrete growth hormone with more process irregularity than males in both humans and rats. Am. J. Physiol. 270:E107-115.
9. Benito, P., L. Avila, M.S. Corpas, J.A. Jimenez, L. Cacicedo, and F. Sanchez Franco. 1991. Sex differences in growth hormone response to growth hormone-releasing hormone. J. Endocrinol. Invest. 14:265-268.
10. Smals, A.E., G.F. Pieters, A.G. Smals, T.J. Benraad, J. Van Laarhoven, and P.W. Kloppenborg. 1986. Sex difference in human growth hormone (GH) response to intravenous human pancreatic GH-releasing hormone administration in young adults. J Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 62:336-341.
11. Gelato, M.C., O.H. Pescovitz, F. Cassorla, D.L. Loriaux, and G.R. Merriam. 1984. Dose-response relationships for the effects of growth hormone-releasing factor-(1-44)-NH2 in young adult men and women. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 59:197-201.
12. Arvat, E., M. Cappa, F.F. Casanueva, C. Dieguez, E. Ghigo, M. Nicolosi, R. Valcavi, and M. Zini. 1993. Pyridostigmine potentiates growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone-induced GH release in both men and women. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 76:374-375.
13. Barbarino, A., S.M. Corsillo, A. Tofani, R. Sciuto, S. Della Casa, C.A. Rota, and A. Barini. 1991. Sexual dimorphism of pyridostigmine potentiation of growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone-induced GH release in humans. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 73:75-78.
14. Diamond, M.P., T. Jones, S. Caprio, L. Hallarman, M.C. Diamond, M. Addabbo, W.V. Tamborlane, and R.S. Sherwin. 1993. Gender influences counterregulatory hormone responses to hypoglycemia. Metabolism. 42:1568-1572.
15. Chapman, I.M., M.L. Hartman, M. Straume, M.L. Johnson, J.D. Veldhuis, and M.O. Thorner. 1994. Enhanced sensitivity growth hormone (GH) chemiluminescence assay reveals lower postglucose nadir GH concentrations in men than women. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 78:1312-1319.
16. Veldhuis, J.D. 1996. Gender differences in secretory activity of the human somatotropic (growth hormone) axis. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 134:287-295.
17. Weltman, A., J.Y. Weltman, M.L. Hartman, R.D. Abbott, A.D. Rogol, W.S. Evans, and J.D. Veldhuis. 1994. Relationship between age, percentage body fat, fitness, and 24-hour growth hormone release in healthy youg adults: effects of gender. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 78:543-548.
18. Bermann, M., C.A. Jaffe, W. Tsai, R. DeMott Friberg, and A.L. Barkan. 1994. Negative feedback regulation of pulsatile growth hormone secretion by insulin-like growth factor I: involvement of hypothalamic somatostatin. J. Clin. Invest. 94:138-145.
19. Jaffe, C.A., D.K. Turgeon, R. DeMott Friberg, P.B. Watkins, and A.L. Barkan. 1995. Nocturnal augmentation of growth hormone (GH) secretion is preserved during repetitive bolus administration of GH-releasing hormone: potential involvement of endogenous somatostatin. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 80: 3321-3326.
20. Veldhuis, J.D., M.L. Carlson, and M.L. Johnson. 1987. The pituitary gland secretes in bursts: appraising the nature of glandular secretory impulses by simultaneous multiple-parameter deconvolution of plasma hormone concentrations. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 84:7686-7690.
21. Owens, D., M.C. Srivastava, C.V. Tompkins, N.D.N. Nabarro, and P.H. Sonksen. 1973. Studies on the metabolic clearance rate, apparent distribution space and plasma half-disappearance time of unlabeled human growth hormone in normal subjects and in patients with liver disease, renal disease and diabetes mellitus. Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 3:284-294.
22. Reutens, A.T., J.D. Veldhuis, D.M. Hoffman, K.-C. Leung, and K.K. Ho. 1996. A highly sensitive growth hormone (GH) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay uncovers increased contribution of a tonic mode of GH secretion in adults with organic GH deficiency. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 81:1591-1597.
23. Isgaard, J., L. Carlsson, O.G.P. Isakson, and J.O. Jansson. 1988. Pulsatile intravenous growth hormone (GH) infusion to the hypophysectomized rat increases insulin-like growth factor I messenger ribonucleic acid in skeletal tissues more effectively than continuous GH infusion. Endocrinology. 123:2605-2610.
24. Maiter, D., L.E. Underwood, M. Maies, M.L. Davenport, and J.M. Ketelslegers. 1988. Different effects of intermittent and continuous growth hormone (GH) administration on serum somatomedin-C/insulin-like growth factor I and liver GH receptors in hypophysectomized rats. Endocrinology. 123:1053-1059.
25. Sjoberg, A., J. Oscarsson, S. Eden, and S.O. Olofsson. 1994. Continuous but not intermittent administration of growth hormone to hypophysectomized rats increases apolipoprotein-E secretion from cultured hepatocytes. Endocrinoloy. 34:740-798.
26. Clark, R.G., J.O. Jansson, O. Isaksson, and I.C. Robinson. 1985. Intravenous growth hormone: growth responses to patterned infusions in hypophysectomized rats. J. Endocrinol. 104:53-61.
27. Levitsky, L., D.A. Schoeller, G.H. Lambert, and D.V. Edidin. 1984. Effect of growth hormone therapy in growth hormone-deficient children on cytochrome P-450-dependent 3-N-demethylation of caffeine as measured by the caffeine 13-CO2 breath lest. Dev. Pharmacol. Ther. 12:40-45.
28. Watkins, P.B., D.K. Turgeon, C.A. Jaffe, P.J. Ho, and A.L. Barkan. 1993. Pulsation frequency of growth hormone may mediate gender differences in CYP3A activity in man. Clin. Res. 41:132a.(Abstr.)
29. Berelowitz, M., M. Szabo, L.A. Frohman, S. Firesone, L. Chu, and R.L. Hintz. 1981. Somatomedin-C mediates growth hormone negative feedback by effects on both the hypothalamus and the pituitary. Science. 212:1279-1281.
30. Plotsky, P.M., and W. Vale. 1985. Patterns of growth hormone-releasing factor and somatostatin secretion into the hypophysial-portal circulation of the rat. Science. 230:461-463.
31. Frohman, L.A., T.R. Downs, I.J. Clarke, and G.B. Thomas. 1991. Measurement of growth hormone-releasing hormone and somatostatin in hypothalamic-portal plasma of unanesthetized sheep. J. Clin. Invest. 86:17-24.
32. Thomas, G.B., J.T. Cummins, H. Francis, A.W. Sudbury, P.I. McCloud, and I.J. Clarke. 1991. Effect of restricted feeding on the relationship between hypophysial portal concentrations of growth hormone (GH)-releasing factor and somatostatin, and jugular concentrations of GH in ovariectomized ewes. Endocrinology. 128:1151-1158.
33. Painson, J.C.,and G.S. Tannenhaum. 1991. Sexual dimorphism of somatostatin and growth hormone-releasing factor signaling in the control of pulsatile growth hormone secretion in the rat. Endocrinology. 128:2858-2866.
34. Chowen-Breed, J.A., R.A. Steiner, and D.K Clifton. 1989. Sexual dimorphism and testosterone-dependent regulation of somatostatin gene expression in the periventricular nucleus of the rat brain. Endocrinology. 125:357-362.
35. Carlsson, L.M., R.G. Clark, and I.C. Robinson. 1990. Sex difference in growth hormone feedback in the rat. J. Endocrinol. 126:27-35.
36. Jaffe, C.A., R. DeMott-Friberg, and A.L. Barkan. 1993. Suppression of growth hormone (GH) secretion by a selective GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) antagonist. Direct evidence for involvement of endogenous GHRH in the generation of GH pulses. J. Clin. Invest. 92:695-701.
37. Jaffe, C.A., R. DeMott Friberg, and A.L. Barkan. 1996. Involvement of endogenous growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone in the GH responses to physiological and pharmacological stimuli. J. Clin. Invest. 97:934-940.
38. Shibasaki, T., N. Yamauchi, M. Hotta, A. Masuda, T. Imaki, H. Demura, N. Ling, and K Shizume. 1986. In vitro release of growth hormone-releasing factor from rat hypothalamus: effect of insulin-like growth factor-1. Reg. Pept. 15:47-53.
39. Becker, K., S. Stegenga, and S. Conway. 1995. Role of insulin-like growth factor I in regulating growth hormone release and feedback in the male rat. Neuroendocrinology. 61:573-583.
40. Clark, R.G., L.M. Carlsson, and I.C. Robinson. 1988. Growth hormone (GH) secretion in the conscious rat: negative feedback of GH on its own release. J. Endocrinol. 119:201-209.
41. Maiter, D., J.I. Koenig, and L.M. Kaplan. 1441. Sexually dimorphic expression of the growth hormone-releasing hormone gene is not mediated by circulating gonadal hormones in the adult rat. Endocrinology. 128:1709-1716.
42. Gatford, K.L., T.P. Fletcher, A. Rao, A.R. Egan, B.J. Hosking, and I.J. Clarke. 1997. GH, GH-releasing factor and somatostatin in the growing lamb: sex differences and mechanisms for sex differences. J. Endocrinol. 152:14-27.
43. Howard, A.D., S.D. Feighner, D.F. Cully, J.P. Arena, P.A. Liberator, C.I. Rosenblum, M. Hamelin, D.L. Hreniuk, O.C. Palyha, J. Anderson, P.S. Paress, C. Diaz, M. Chou, K.K. Liu, K.K. McKee, S.-S. Pong, L.-Y. Chaung, A. Elbrecht, M. Dashkevicz, R. Heavens, M. Rigby, D.J.S. Sirinathsinghji, D.C. Dean, D.G. Melillo, A.A. Patchett, R. Nargund, P.R. Griffin, J.A. DeMartino, S.K. Gupta, J.M. Schaeffer, R.G. Smith, and L.H.T. Van der Ploeg. 1996. A receptor in pituitary and hypothalamus that functions in growth hormone release. Science. 273:974-977.
44. Klinger, B., A. Ionesco, S. Anin, and Z. Laron. 1992. Effect of insulin-like growth factor I on the thyroid axis in patients with Laron-type dwarfism and healthy subjects. Acta Endocrinol. 127:515-519.
45. Jorgenson, J.O.L., S.A. Pedersen, P. Laurberg, J. Weeke, N.E. Skakkebaek, and J.S. Christiansen. 1989. Effects of growth hormone therapy on thyroid function of growth hormone deficient adults with and without concomitant thyroxine-substituted central hypothyroidism. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 69: 1127-1132.
46. Katz, E., E. Ricciarelli, and E.Y. Adashi. 1993. The potential relevance of growth hormone to female reproductive physiology and pathophysiology. Fertil. Steril. 54:8-34.