Emergence and the cognitive neuroscience approach to psychiatry

Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung - Section C Journal of Biosciences

Volumn 53, Issue 7-8, 1998, Pages 723-737

  Walter, Henrik ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL ULM   (Germany)

Author keywords

Decision Making; Emergence; Neuropsychiatry; Prefrontal Cortex; Volition Agency

Indexed keywords

PSYCHIATRY; PSYCHOLOGY;

EID: 0032122443     PISSN: 09395075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1515/znc-1998-7-824     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (92)

1. Abbruzzese M., Ferri S. and Scarone S. (1997), The selective breakdown of frontal functions in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder and in patients with schizophrenia: a double dissociation experimental finding. Neuropsychologia 35, 907-912.
2. Andreasen N. C. (1997), Linking mind and brain in the study of mental illnesses: a project for a scientific psychopathology 275, 1286-1593.
3. Apkarain A. V. (1995), Functional imaging of pain: new insights regarding the role of the cerebral cortex in human brain perception. Sem. Neurosci. 7, 279-293.
4. Baxter L. R, Schwartz J. M., Guze B. H., Bergman K. and Szuba M. P. (1990), Neuroimaging in obsessive compulsive disorder: seeking the mediating neuroanatomy. In: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders: Theory and Managment (M. A. Jenike, L. Baer and W. E: Minichiello, eds.). Mosby Yearbook, St. Louis, pp. 167-188.
5. Baxter L. R., Schwartz J. M., Bergman K. S. et al. (1992), Caudate glucose metabolic rate changes with both drug and behavior therapy for obsessive compulsive disorder. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 49, 681-89.
6. Bechara A., Damasio A. R., Damasio H. and Anderson S. W. (1994), Insensitivity to future consequences following damage to the prefrontal cortex. Cognition 50, 7-15.
7. Bechara A., Damasio H., Tranel D and Damasio A. R. (1997), Deciding advantageously before knowing the advantageous strategy. Science 275, 1293-1294.
8. Bechara A., Damasio H., Tranel D. and Anderson S. W. (1998), Dissociation of working memory from decision making within the human prefrontal cortex. J. Neurosci. 18, 428-437.
9. Beckermann A., Flohr H. and Kim J., eds. (1992), Emergence or Reduction? Springer, Berlin, New York.
10. Bermüdez J. L., Marcel A. and Eilan N. (1995), The Body and the Self. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
11. Braun A. R., Balkin T. J., Wesensten N. J., Gwadry F., Carson R. E., Varga M., Baldwin P., Belenky G. and Hersowitch P. (1998), Dissociated pattern of activity in visual cortices and their projections during human rapid eye movement sleep. Science 279, 91-95.
12. Breiter H. C., Rauch S. I., Kwong K. K., Baker J. R., Weisskoff R. M., Kennedy D. N., Kendrick A. D., Davis T. L., Jiang A., Cohen M. S., Stern C. E., Belliveau J. W., Gaer L., O'Sullivan R. L., Savage C. R., Jenike M. A. and Rosen B. R. (1996), Functional magnetic resonance imaging of symptom provocation in obsessive compulsive disorder. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 53, 595-606.
13. Brugger P., Regard M. and Landis T. (1996), Unilaterally felt "presences": the neuropsychiatry of one's invisible Doppelgänger. Neuropsychiat. Neuropsychol. Behav. Neurol. 9, 114-122.
14. Buschlinger W. (1993), Denkkapriolen. Könighausen und Neumann, Würzburg.
15. Buschlinger W., Vollmer G. and Walter H. (1998), The mental life of artifacts. Explications, Questions, Arguments. Z. Naturforsch. 53c, 455-479.
16. Chalmers D. J. (1996), The Conscious Mind. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
17. Changeux J.-P. and Dehaene S. (1996), Neuronal models of cognitive functions associated with the prefrontal cortex. In: Neurobiology of Decision-Making (A. R. Damasio, H. Damasio, H. and Y. Christen, eds.). Springer, New York, pp. 125-144.
18. Churchland P. M. (1995), The Engine of Reason, the Seat of the Soul. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
19. Churchland P. S. and Sejnowski T. J. (1992), The Computational Brain. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
20. Damasio A. R. (1994), Descartes' Error. Emotion, Reason and the Human Brain. Putnam' Son, New York.
21. Damasio A. R. and Damasio H. (1989), Lesion Analysis in Neuropsychology. New York.
22. Damasio A. R. and van Hoesen G. W. (1983), Focal lesions of the limbic frontal lobe. In: Neuropsychology of Human Emotion (K. M. Heilman, P. Satz, eds.). Guilford Press, New York, pp. 85-110.
23. Damasio A. R., Damasio, H. and Christen Y, eds. (1996), Neurobiology of Decision-Making. Springer, New York.
24. Damasio H. (1996), Human neuroanatomy of decision-making. In: Neurobiology of Decision-Making (A. R. Damasio, H. Damasio, Y. Christen, eds.). Springer, New York, Berlin, pp. 1-12.
25. David A. S. and Cutting J. C., eds. (1994), The Neuropsychology of Schizophrenia. Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ.
26. Dennett D. C. (1994), Consciousness Explained. Little, Brown & Company, Boston, Toronto, London.
27. Devinsky O., Putnam F., Grafman J., Bromfield E. and Theodore W. H. (1995), Contributions of anterior cingulate cortex to behavior. Brain 118, 279-306.
28. Dolan R. J., Flechter P., Frith C. D., Friston K. J., Frackowiak R. S. J. and Grasby P. J. (1995), Dopaminergic modulation of an impaired cognitive activation in the anterior cingulate cortex in schizophrenia. Nature 378, 180-182.
29. Elliott R., Frith C:D. and Dolan R. J. (1997), Differential neural response to positive and negative feedback in planning and guessing tasks. Neuropsychologia 35, 1395-1404.
30. Farah M. (1990), Visual Agnosia. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
31. Faw B. (1997), Outlining a model of mental imaging abilities. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 21, 283-288.
32. Feinberg T. E. and Farah M. J. (1997), Behavioral Neurology and Neuropsychology. McGraw-Hill, New York.
33. Fernandez A., Lichtshein G. and Vieweg W. V. R. (1997), The Charles Bonnet syndrome: a review. J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. 185, 195-200.
34. Flechter P. C., Frith C. D., Grasby P. M., Friston K. J. and Dolan R. J. (1996), Local and distributed effects of apomorphine on fronto-temporal function in acute unmedicaled schizophrenia. J. Neurosci. 16, 7055-7062.
35. Frackowiak R. S. J., Friston K. J., Frith C. D., Dolan R. J. and Mazziotta J. C. (1997), Human brain functioning. Academic Press, San Diego, London.
36. Frith C. D., Friston K. J., Liddle, PlF. and Frackowiak, R. S. J. (1991), Willed action and prefrontal cortex in man: a study with PET. Proc. Roy. Soc. B, 244, 241-246.
37. Gackenbach J. and LaBerge S. (1998), Consious Mind, Sleeping Brain. Plenum, New York, London.
38. Gasquoine P. G. (1993), Alien hand sign. J. Clin. Exp. Neuropsych. 15, 653-667.
39. Gazzaniga M., ed. (1995), The Cognitive Neurosciences. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
40. Goldberg G., Bloom K. K. (1990), Alien hand sign: localization, lateralization and recovery. Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehab. 69, 228-338.
41. Gollwitzer P. M. and Bargh J. A., eds. (1996), The Psychology of Action. Guilford Press, New York.
42. Goyer P. F., Andreason P. J., Sempl W. E., Clayton A. H., King A. C., Compton-Toth B. A., Schulz S. C. and Cohen R. M. (1994), Positron-emission tomography and personality disorders. Neuropsychopharm. 10, 21-28.
43. Hare R. D. and Quinn, M. J. (1971), Psychopathy and autonomic conditioning, J. Abnorm. Psychol. 77, 223-235.
44. Heckhausen H., Gollwitzer P. M., Weinert F. E., eds. (1987), Jenseits des Rubikon. Der Wille in den Humanwissenschaften. Springer, Berlin, New York.
45. Hirstein W. and Ramachandran V. S. (1997), Capgras syndrome: a novel probe for understanding the neural representation of the identity and familarity of persons. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 264, 437-444.
46. Hornak J., Rolls E. T. and Wade (1996), Face and voice expression identification in patients with emotional and behavioral changes following frontal lobe damage. Neuropsychologia 34, 247-261.
47. Hyder R., Phelps E. A., Wiggins C. J., Labar K. S., Blamire A. M., Shulman R. G. (1997), "Willed action": a functional MRI study of the human prefrontal cortex during a sensorimotor task. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 94, 6989-6994.
48. Jeannerod M. (1997), The Cognitive Neuroscience of Action. Blackwell, Oxford.
49. Joseph R. (1996), Neuropsychiatry, Neuropsychology, and Clinical Neuroscience, 2nd ed. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore.
50. Kalcher J., Flotzinger D., Gölly S., Neuper CH. Pfurtscheller G. (1994), Graz Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) II. In: Computers for Handicapped Persons (W. L. Zagler, G. Busby and R. R. Wagner, eds.). Springer, Berlin, New York, pp. 170-176.
51. Kane R. (1996), The Significance of Free Will. Oxford University Press, Oxford, New York.
52. Keller I. and Heckhausen H. (1990), Readiness potentials preceding spontaneous motor acts: voluntary versus involuntary control. Electroenc. Clin. Neurophys. 76, 351-361.
53. Lapierre D., Braun C. M. J. and Hodgins S. (1995), Ventral frontal deficits in psychopathy: neuropsychological test findings. Neuropsychologia 33, 139-151.
54. Libet B. (1993), The neural time factor in conscious and unconsious events. In: Experimental and Theoretical Studies of Consciousness (Ciba Foundation Symposium). Wiley, Chicester, pp. 123-146.
55. Libet B., Gleason C. A., Wright E. W. and Pearl, D. K. (1983), Time of conscious intention to act in relation to onset of cerebral activity (readiness-potential). Brain 106, 623-642.
56. Liddle P. F. (1987), The symptoms of chronic schizophrenia: a reexamination of the positive-negative dichotomy. Br. J. Psychiatry 151, 145-151.
57. Liddle P. F. (1994), Volition and schizophrenia. In: The Neuropsychology of Schizophrenia. (A. S. David and J. C. Cutting, eds.). Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ, pp. 39-49.
58. Liddle P. F., Friston K. J., Frith C. D., Hirsch S. R., Jones T. and Frackowiak, R. S. J. (1992), Patterns of cerebral blood flow in schizophrenia. Br. J. Psychiat. 160, 19-186.
59. Mace C. J. (1992), Hysterical conversion. II: A critique. Brit. J. Psychiat. 161, 378-389.
60. McGuire P. K., Bench C. J., Frith C. D., Marks I. M., Frackowiak R. S. J. and R. J. Dolan (1994), Functional anatomy of obsessive-compulsive phenomena. Br. J. Psychiat. 164, 459-468.
61. Metzinger T., ed. (1995), Conscious Experience. Schöningh/Imprint Academic, Exeter, UK.
62. Miller S. D. and Triggiano P. J. (1992), The psychophysiological investigation of multiple personality disorder: review and update. Am. J. Clin. Hypnos. 35, 47-61.
63. Moselhy Z. H. and Oyebode F. (1997), Delusional misidentification syndromes: a review of the anglophone literature. Neur. Psychiat. Br. Res. 5, 21-26.
64. Northoff G., ed. (1997), Neuropsychiatrie und Neurophilosophie. Schöningh, Paderborn.
65. Paulesu E., Harrsion J, Baron-Cohen S., Watson J. D. G., Goldstein L. H., Heather J., Frackowiak R. S. J. and Frith C. D. (1995), The physiology of coloured hearing. A PET activation study of colour-word synaesthesia. Brain 118, 661-676.
66. Paus T, Petrides M., Evans A. and Meyer E. (1993), Role of the human anterior cingulate cortex in the control of oculomotor, manual, and speech responses: a positron emission tomography study. J. Neurophysiol. 70, 453-469.
67. Penrose R. (1994), Shadows of the mind. Oxford University Press, New York.
68. Phelps E. A., Hyder F., Blamire A. M. and Shulman R. G. (1997), FMRI of the prefrontal cortex during overt verbal fluency. Neuroreport 8, 561-565.
69. Posner M. I. and Raichle M. E. (1994), Images of the mind. Freeman and Company, New York.
70. Prinz W. (1998), Die Reaktion als Willenshandlung. Psychol. Rundschau 49(1), 10-20.
71. Raine A., Buchsbaum M. S., Stanley J., Lottenberg S., Abel L. and Stoddard J. (1994), Selective reductions in prefrontal glucose metabolism in murderers. Biol. Psychiatry 36, 365-373.
72. Ramachandran V. S. (1994), Phantom limb, neglect syndromes, repressed memories and Freudian psychology. Int. Rev. Neurobiol. 37, 291-333.
73. Ramachandran V. S., Hirstein W. (1997), Three laws of qualia: what neurology tells us about the biological functions of consciousness. J. Consciousn. Stud. 4, 429-457.
74. Rolls E. T. (1996), The orbitofrontal cortex. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B. 351, 1433-1444.
75. Rolls E. T., Hornak J., Wade D. and McGrath J. (1994), Emotion related learning in patients with social and emotional changes associated with frontal lobe damage. J. Neur. Neurosurg. Psychiat., 57, 1518-1524.
76. Schwartz J. M., Martin K. M. and Baxter L. R. (1992), Neuroimaging and cognitive-biobehavioral self-treatment for obsessive compulsive disorder: practical and philosophical considerations. In: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders (I. Hand, W. K. Goodman and U. Evers, eds.). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 82-101.
77. Shallice T. (1988), From Neuropsychology to Mental Structure. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, MA.
78. Spence S. A., Brooks D. J., Hirsch S. R., Liddle P. F., Meehan J, and Grasby P. M. (1997), A PET study of voluntary movement in schizophrenic patients experiencing passivity phenomena (delusions of alien control). Brain 120, 1997-2011.
79. Spitzer M. and Maher B. (1998), Experimental Psychopathology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, MA (in press).
80. Stein D. (1998), Neural Networks and Psychopathology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK (in press).
81. Stephan A. (1998a), Varietes of emergence in artificial and natural systems. Z. Naturforsch. 53c, 639-656.
82. Stephan A. (1998b), Emergenz. Historisch-systematische Studien zu einem zentralen Begriff der Metaphysik und Wissenschaftstheorie. Karlsruhe: Habilitationschrift.
83. Stieve H. (1997), Limits of natural science: brain research and computers. Z. Naturforsch. 50c, 317-336.
84. Stoerig P. and Cowey A. (1997), Blindsight in Man and 91 Monkey. Brain 120, 535-559.
85. Vollmer G. (1992), Das Ganze und seine Teile. Holismus, Emergenz, Erklärung und Reduktion. In: Wissenschaftstheorien in der Medizin (W. Deppert, W. Kliemt, H. Lohff and J. Schaeffer, eds.). de Gruyter, Berlin, New York, pp. 183-223.
86. von Cranach M and Foppa K. (1996), Freiheit des Entscheidens und Handelns. Ein Problem der nomologischen Psychologie. Asanger, Heidelberg.
87. Walter H. (1996a), Minimale Neurophilosophie. In: Cognitio humana (Ch. Hubig, H. Poser, eds.). Berlin, pp. 1515-1522.
88. Walter H. (1996b), Die Neurobiologie menschlicher Autonomie. Nervenarzt 67 (Suppl. 1), 19.
89. Walter H. (1997a), Neuroimaging und philosophy of mind. In: Neuropsychiatrie und Neurophilosophie (G. Northoff ed.). Schöningh, Paderborn, pp. 193-222.
90. Walter H. (1997b), Authentische Entscheidungen und emotive Neurowissenschaft, Philosophia naturalis 34, 147-174.
91. Walter H. (1998), Neurophilosophie der Willensfreiheit. Von libertarischen Illusionen zum Konzept naturlicher Autonomie. Schöningh, Paderborn.
92. Wilke K. V:; (1993), Real People. Personal Identity without Thought Experiments. Clarendon Press, Oxford.