Virus variation, escape from cytotoxic T lymphocytes and human retroviral persistence

Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology

Volumn 9, Issue 3, 1998, Pages 321-328

  Gould, Keith G ^a   Bangham, Charles R M ^a  

^a IMPERIAL COLLEGE SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Immune escape; Mutation; Selection; Sequence variation; Virus

Indexed keywords

HTLV; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1; HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS 1; LEUKAEMIA VIRUS;

VIRUS RNA;

CYTOTOXIC T LYMPHOCYTE; GENETIC VARIABILITY; GENETICS; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1; HUMAN T CELL LEUKEMIA VIRUS 1; IMMUNOLOGY; REVIEW;

HIV-1; HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS 1; HUMANS; RNA, VIRAL; T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC; VARIATION (GENETICS);

EID: 0032087491     PISSN: 10849521     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/scdb.1998.0241     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Domingo E, Diez J, Martinez MA, Hernandez J, Holguin A, Borrego B, Mateu MG (1993) New observations on antigenic diversification of RNA viruses. Antigenic variation is not dependent on immune selection. J Gen Virol 74:2039-2045
2. Rima BK, McFerran NV (1997) Dinucleotide and stop codon frequencies in single-stranded RNA viruses. J Gen Virol 78:2859-2870
3. Domingo E, Holland JJ (1997) RNA virus mutations and fitness for survival. Annu Rev Microbiol 51:151-178
4. Koopmann J-O, Hammerling GJ, Momburg F (1997) Generation, intracellular transport and loading of peptides associated with MHC class I molecules. Curr Opin Immunol 9:80-88
5. Del Val M, Schlicht H-J, Ruppert T, Reddehase MJ, Koszinowski UH (1991) Efficient processing of an antigenic sequence for presentation by MHC class I molecules depends on its neighboring residues in the protein. Cell 66:1145-1153
6. Eisenlohr LC, Yewdell JW, Bennink JR (1992) Flanking sequences influence the presentation of an endogenously synthesized peptide to cytotoxic T lymphocytes. J Exp Med 175:481-487
7. Cerundolo V, Tse AGD, Salter RD, Parham P, Townsend A (1991) CD8 independence and specificity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes restricted by HLA-Aw68.1. Proc R Soc London, Ser B 244:169-177
8. Iwasaki A, Stiernholm BJN, Chan AK, Berinstein NL, Barber BH (1997) Enhanced CTL responses mediated by plasmid DNA immunogens encoding costimulatory molecules and cytokines. J Immunol 158:4591-4601
9. Ossendorp F, Eggers M, Neisig A, Ruppert T, Groettrup M, Sijts A, Mengede E, Kloetzel P-M, Neefjes J, Koszinowski U et al (1996) A single residue exchange within a viral CTL epitope alters proteasome-mediated degradation resulting in lack of presentation. Immunity 5:115-124
10. Uebel S, Kraas W, Kienle S, Wiesmuller K-H, Jung G, Tampe R (1997) Recognition principle of the TAP transporter disclosed by combinatorial peptide libraries. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:8976-8981
11. Gournier H, Pascolo S, Siegrist C-A, Jehan J, Perarnau B, Garcia Z, Rose T, Neefjes JJ, Lemonnier FA (1995) Restriction of self-antigen presentation to cytolytic T lymphocytes by mouse peptide pumps. Eur J Immunol 25:2019-2026
12. Neisig A, Roelse J, Sijts AJAM, Ossendorp F, Feltkamp MCW, Kast WM, Melief CJM, Neefjes JJ (1995) Major differences in transporter associated with antigen presentation (TAP)-dependent translocation of MHC class I-presentable peptides and the effect of flanking sequences. J Immunol 154:1273-1279
13. Falk K, Rotzschke O, Stevanovic S, Jung G, Rammensee H-G (1991) Allele-specific motifs revealed by sequencing of self-peptides eluted from MHC molecules. Nature 351:290-296
14. Ruppert J, Sidney J, Celis E, Kubo RT, Grey HM, Sette A (1993) Prominent role of secondary anchor residues in peptide binding to HLA-A2.1 molecules. Cell 74:929-937
15. Pircher H, Moskophidis D, Rohrer U, Burki K, Hengartner H, Zinkernagel RM (1990) Viral escape by selection of cytotoxic T cell-resistant virus variants in vivo. Nature 346:629-633
16. Aebischer T, Moskophidis D, Rohrer UH, Zinkernagel RM, Hengartner H (1991) In vitro selection of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus escape mutants by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88:11047-11051
17. Lewicki H, Tishon A, Borrow P, Evans CF, Gairin JE, Hahn KM, Jewell JA, Wilson IA, Oldstone MBA (1995) CTL escape viral variants I. Generation and molecular characterization. Virology 210:29-40
18. Jameson, SC, Carbone FR, Bevan MJ (1993) Clone-specific T cell receptor antagonists of major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted cytotoxic T cells. J Exp Med 177:1541-1550
19. Klenerman P, Rowland-Jones S, McAdam S, Edwards J, Daenke S, Lalloo D, Koppe B, Rosenberg W, Boyd D, Edwards A et al (1994) Cytotoxic T-cell activity antagonized by naturally occurring HIV-1 Gag variants. Nature 369:403-407
20. Bertoletti A, Sette A, Chisari FV, Penna A, Levrero M, De Carli M, Fiaccadori F, Ferrari C (1994) Natural variants of cytotoxic epitopes are T-cell receptor antagonists for antiviral cytotoxic T cells. Nature 369:407-410
21. Kaneko T, Moriyama T, Udaka K, Hiroishi K, Kita H, Okamoto H, Yagita H, Okumura K, Imawari M (1997) Impaired induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes by antagonism of a weak agonist borne by a variant hepatitis C virus epitope. Eur J Immunol 27:1782-1787
22. Chao L (1990) Fitness of RNA virus decreased by Muller's ratchet. Nature 348:454-455
23. Pulsinelli, GA, Temin HM (1991) Characterization of large deletions occurring during a single round of retrovirus vector replication: novel deletion mechanism involving errors in strand transfer. J Virol 65:4786-4797
24. Rohn JL, Linenberger ML, Hoover EA, Overbaugh J (1994) Evolution of feline leukemia virus variant genomes with insertions, deletions, and defective envelope genes in infected cats with tumors. J Virol 68:2458-2467
25. Borrow P, Lewicki H, Wei X, Horwitz MS, Peffer N, Myers H, Nelson JA, Gairin JE, Hahn BH, Oldstone MBA et al (1997) Antiviral pressure exerted by HIV-1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) during primary infection demonstrated by rapid selection of CTL escape virus. Nat Med 3:205-211
26. Price DA, Goulder PJR, Klenerman P, Sewell AK, Easterbrook PJ, Troop M, Bangham CRM, Phillips RE (1997) Positive selection of HIV-1 cytotoxic T lymphocyte escape variants during primary infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:1890-1895
27. Niewiesk S, Daenke S, Parker CE, Taylor G, Weber J, Nightingale S, Bangham CRM (1994) The transactivator gene of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 is more variable within and between healthy carriers than patients with tropical spastic paraparesis. J Virol 68:6778-6781
28. Niewiesk S, Bangham CRM (1996) Evolution in a chronic RNA virus infection: selection on HTLV-1 Tax protein differs between healthy carriers and patients with tropical spastic paraparesis. J Mol Evol 42:452-458
29. Phillips RE, Rowland-Jones S, Nixon DF, Gotch FM, Edwards JP, Ogunlesi AO, Elvin JG, Rothbard JA, Bangham CRM, Rizza CR et al (1991) Human immunodeficiency virus genetic variation that can escape cytotoxic T cell recognition. Nature 354:453-459
30. Koenig S, Conley AJ, Brewah YA, Jones GM, Leath S, Boots LJ, Davey V, Pantaleo G, Demarest JF, Carter C et al (1995) Transfer of HIV-1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes to an AIDS patient leads to selection for mutant HIV variants and subsequent disease progression. Nat Med 1:330-336
31. Nowak MA, May RM, Phillips RE, Rowland-Jones S, Lalloo DG, McAdam S, Klenerman P, Koppe B, Sigmund K, Bangham CRM et al (1995) Antigenic oscillations and shifting immunodominance in HIV-1 infections. Nature 375:606-611
32. Konya J, Stuber G, Bjorndal A, Fenyo EM, Dillner J (1997) Primary induction of human cytotoxic lymphocytes against a synthetic peptide of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease. J Gen Virol 78:2217-2224
33. Weidt G, Deppert W, Utermohlen O, Heukeshoven J, Lehmann-Grube F (1995) Emergence of virus escape mutants after immunization with epitope vaccine. J Virol 69:7147-7151
34. Goulder PJR, Phillips RE, Colbert RA, McAdam S, Ogg G, Nowak MA, Giangrande P, Luzzi G, Morgan B, Edwards E et al (1997) Late escape from an immunodominant cytotoxic T lymphocyte response associated with progression to AIDS. Nat Med 3:212-217
35. + cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for HTLV-1 pX in patients with HTLV-1 associated neurological disease. Nature 348:245-248
36. + cytotoxic T cells directed against HTLV-1-infected cells. Int Immunol 3:761-767
37. Parker CE, Daenke S, Nightingale S, Bangham, CRM (1992) Activated, HTLV-1-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes are found in healthy seropositives as well as in patients with tropical spastic paraparesis. Virology 188:628-636
38. Daenke S, Kermode AG, Hall SE, Taylor G, Weber J, Nightingale S, Bangham CRM (1996) High activated and memory cytotoxic T-cell responses to HTLV-1 in healthy carriers and patients with tropical spastic paraparesis. Virology 217:139-146
39. Parker CE, Nightingale S, Taylor GP, Weber J, Bangham CRM (1994) Circulating anti-Tax cytotoxic T lymphocytes from human T-cell leukemia virus type 1-infected people, with and without tropical spastic paraparesis, recognize multiple epitopes simultaneously. J Virol 68:2860-2868
40. Elovaara I, Koenig S, Brewah AY, Woods RM, Lehky T, Jacobson S (1993) High human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1 )-specific precursor cytotoxic T lymphocyte frequencies in patients with HTLV-1-associated neurological disease. J Exp Med 177:1567-1573
41. Altman JD, Moss PAH, Goulder PJR, Barouch DH, McHeyzer-Williams MG, Bell JI, McMichael AJ, Davis MM (1996) Phenotypic analysis of antigen-specific T lymphocytes. Science 274:94-96
42. Niewiesk S, Daenke S, Parker CE, Taylor G, Weber J, Nightingale S, Bangham CRM (1995) Naturally occurring variants of HTLV-1 Tax protein impair its recognition by CTL and the transactivation function of Tax. J Virol 69:2649-2653
43. Moskophidis D, Zinkernagel RM (1995) Immunobiology of cytotoxic T-cell escape mutants of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. J Virol 69:2187-2193
44. Nei M, Gojobori T (1986) Simple methods for estimating the numbers of synonymous and nonsynonymous nucleotide substitutions. Mol Biol Evol 3:418-426