Repeat-induced gene silencing in mammals

Nature Genetics

Volumn 18, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 56-59

  Garrick, David ^a   Fiering, Steven ^b,c   Martin, David I K ^b   Whitelaw, Emma ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY   (Australia)

^b Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center   (United States)

^c DARTMOUTH HITCHCOCK MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL CELL; ARTICLE; CHROMATIN STRUCTURE; DEFENSE MECHANISM; DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER; GENE EXPRESSION; GENE INDUCTION; GENE LOCUS; MAMMAL; NONHUMAN; PLANT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SILENCER GENE; TRANSGENE;

ANIMALS; CHROMATIN; ERYTHROCYTES; FEMALE; GENE DOSAGE; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; HUMANS; INTEGRASES; LAC OPERON; MALE; MAMMALS; MICE; MICE, TRANSGENIC; REPETITIVE SEQUENCES, NUCLEIC ACID; TRANSCRIPTION, GENETIC; TRANSGENES; VIRAL PROTEINS;

ANIMALIA; DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER; MAMMALIA; MELANOGASTER; MUS MUSCULUS;

EID: 0031984304     PISSN: 10614036     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/ng0198-56     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Linn, F., Heidmann, I., Saedler, H. & Meyer, P. Epigenetic changes in the expression of the maize A1 gene in Petunia hybrids: role of numbers of integrated gene copies and state of methylation. Mot. Gen. Genet. 222, 329-336 (1990).
2. Scheid, O.M., Paszkowski, J. & Potrykus, I. Reversible inactivation of a transgene in Arabidopsis thaliana. Mol. Gen. Genet. 228, 104-112 (1991).
3. Assaad, F.F., Tucker, K.L. & Signer, E.R. Epigenetic repeat-induced gene silencing (RIGS) in Arabidopsis. Plant Mol. Biol. 22, 1067-1085 (1993).
4. Dorer, D.R. & Henikoff, S. Expansions of transgene repeats cause heterochromatin formation and gene silencing in Drosophila. Cell 77, 1-20 (1994).
5. Sabl, J.F. & Henikoff, S. Copy number and orientation determine the susceptibility of a gene to silencing by nearby heterochromatin in Drosophila. Genetics 142, 447-458 (1996).
6. Davis, B.P. & MacDonald, R.J. Limited transcription of rat elastase I transgene repeats in transgenic mice. Genes Dev. 2, 13-22 (1988).
7. Dorer, D.R. Do transgene arrays form heterochromatin in vertebrates? Transgenic Res. 6, 3-10 (1997).
8. Sharpe, J.A. et al. Analysis of the human α-globin gene cluster in transgenic mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90, 11262-11266 (1993).
9. Higgs, D.R. et al. A major positive regulatory region located far upstream of the human α-globin gene locus. Genes Dev. 4, 1588-1601 (1990).
10. Robertson, G. et al. Position-dependent variegation of globin transgene expression in mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92, 5371-5375 (1995).
11. Hoess, R.H. & Abremski, K. Interaction of the bacteriophage P1 recombinase Cre with the recombining site loxP. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81, 1026-1029 (1984).
12. Lakso, M. et al. Efficient in vivo manipulation of mouse genomic sequences at the zygote stage. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93, 5860-5865 (1996).
13. Palmiter, R.D. & Brinster, R.L. Germ-line transformation of mice. Annu. Rev. Genet 20, 465-499 (1986).
14. Araki, K., Araki, M., Miyazaki, J.-I. & Vassalli, P. Site-specific recombination of a transgene in fertilized eggs by transient expression of Cre recombinase. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92, 160-164 (1995).
15. Robertson, G., Garrick, D., Wilson, M., Martin, D.I.K. & Whitelaw, E. Agedependent silencing of globin transgenes in the mouse. Nucleic Acids Res. 24, 1465-1471 (1996).
16. Sutherland, H.G.E., Martin, D.I.K. & Whitelaw, E. A globin enhancer acts by increasing the proportion of erythrocytes expressing a linked transgene. Mol. Cell. Biol. 17, 1607-1614 (1997).
17. Meyer, P., Heidmann, I. & Niedenhof, I. Differences in DNA-methylation are associated with a paramutation phenomenon in transgenic petunia. Plant J. 4, 89-100 (1993).
18. Neuhuber, F., Park, Y.-D., Matzke, A.J.M. & Matzke, M.A. Susceptibility of transgene loci to homology-dependent gene silencing. Mol. Gen. Genet. 244, 230-241 (1994).
19. Ye, F. & Signer, E.R. RIGS (repeat-induced gene silencing) in Arabidopsis is transcriptional and alters chromatin configuration. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93, 10881-10886 (1996).
20. de Carvalho, F. et al. Suppression of beta-1,3-glucanase transgene expression in homozygous plants. EMBO J. 11, 2595-2602 (1992).
21. Ingelbrecht, I., Van Houdt, H., Van Montagu, M. & Depicker, A. Posttranscriptional silencing of reporter transgenes in tobacco correlates with DNA methylation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 10502-10506 (1994).
22. Bresnick, E.H. & Felsenfeld, G. Dual promoter activation by the human β-globin locus control region. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 1314-1317 (1994).
23. Martin, D.I.K. & Whitelaw, E. The vagaries of variegating transgenes. Bioessays 18, 919-923 (1996).
24. Grosveld, F., van Assendelft, G.B., Greaves, D.R. & Kollias, G. Position-independent, high-level expression of the human β-globin gene in transgenic mice. Cell 51, 975-985 (1987).
25. Ryan, T.M. et al. A single erythroid specific DNase I superhypersensitive site activates high levels of human β-globin gene expression in transgenic mice. Genes Dev. 3, 314-323 (1989).
26. Matzke, M.A., Priming, M., Tmovsky, J. & Matzke, A.J.M. Reversible methylation and inactivation of marker genes in sequentially transformed tobacco plants. EMBO J. 8, 643-649 (1989).
27. Rhounim, L., Rossignol, J.-L. & Faugeron, G. Epimutation of repeated genes in Ascobulus immersus. EMBO J. 11, 4451-4457 (1992).
28. Urieli-Shoval, S., Gruenbaum, Y., Sedat, J. & Razin, A. The absence of detectable methylated bases in Drosophila melanogaster DNA. FEBS Lett. 146, 148-152 (1982).
29. Garrick, D., Sutherland, H., Robertson, G. & Whitelaw, E. Variegated expression of a globin transgene correlates with chromatin accessibility but not methylation status. Nucleic Acids Res. 24, 4902-4909 (1996).
30. Pondel, M.D., Proudfoot, N.J., Whitelaw, C. & Whitelaw, E. The developmental regulation of the human ζ-globin gene in transgenic mice employing β-galactosidase as a reporter gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 20, 5655-5660 (1992).
31. Whitelaw, E. & Proudfoot, N. α-Thalassaemia caused by a poly(A) site mutation reveals that transcriptional termination is linked to 3′ end processing in the human α2 globin gene. EMBO J. 5, 2915-2922 (1986).