The role of subacute rehabilitation services after brain injury

NeuroRehabilitation

Volumn 10, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 13-23

  Stewart, Deborah G ^a,b,c,d   Miller, Michelle A ^a,e   Cifu, David X ^a  

^a VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b HealthSouth Medical Center Richmond   (United States)

^c HealthSouth Rehabilitation Hospital of Virginia   (United States)

^d Stuart Circle Hospital   (United States)

^e NEMOURS ALFRED I DUPONT HOSPITAL FOR CHILDREN   (United States)

Author keywords

Subacute rehabilitation; Traumatic brain injury

Indexed keywords

BRAIN INJURY; FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT; HEALTH CARE DELIVERY; HUMAN; REHABILITATION CENTER; REVIEW;

EID: 0031973924     PISSN: 10538135     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1053-8135(97)00041-3     Document Type: Review

References (57)

1. Walker WC, Kreutzer JS, Witol AD. Levels of care for the low-functioning brain injury survivor. Brain Inj 1996;10:65-72.
2. Giacino JT, Zasler ND. Outcome after severe traumatic brain injury: coma, the vegetative state, and the minimally responsive state. J Head Trauma Rehabil 1995;10:40-56.
3. Groswasser Z, Sazbon L. Outcome in 134 patients with prolonged post traumatic unawareness. Part 2: Functional outcome of 72 patients recovering consciousness. J Neurosurg 1990;72:81-84.
4. Bates D. Defining prognosis in medical coma. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1991;54:569-571.
5. Zafonte RD, Harnmond FM, Peterson J. Predicting outcome in the slow to respond traumatically brain-injured patient: acute and subacute parameters. NeuroRehabilitation 1996;6:1932.
6. Miller DD, Portland B, Benot S. Early evaluation and management. In: Rosenthal M et al., editors. Rehabilitation of the Adult and Child with Traumatic Brain Injury. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: FA Davis Company, 1990:21-51.
7. Katz DI, Alexander MP. Traumatic brain injury predicting course of recovery and outcome for patients admitted to rehabilitation. Arch Neurol 1994;51:661-670.
8. Sandel ME. Medical management of the comatose, vegetative, or minimally responsive patients. NeuroRehabilitation 1996;6:9-17.
9. Kalisky Z, Morrison DP, Meyers CA. Medical problems encountered during rehabilitation of patients with head injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1985;66:25-29.
10. Yablon SA. Post traumatic seizures. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1993;74:983-999.
11. Altmayer T, O'Dell MW, Jones M. Cisapride as a treatment for gastroparesis in traumatic brain injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1996;77:1093-1094.
12. Van Dongen KS, Braakman R. Late computed tomography in survivors of severe head injury. Neurosurgery 1980;7:14-22.
13. Markwalder TM. Chronic subdural hematomas: a review. J Neurosurg 1989;25:352-355.
14. Cifu, DX, Kaelin DC, Wall BE. Deep venous thrombosis: incidence on admission to a brain injury rehabilitation program. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1996;77: 1182-1185.
15. Hamilton MG, Hall RD, Pineo GF. Venous thromboembolism in neurosurgery and neurology patients: A review. Neurosurgery 1994;34:280-296.
16. Beetar JT, Guilmette TJ, Sparadeo FR. Sleep and pain complaints in symptomatic traumatic brain injury and neurologic populations. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1996;77:1298-1299.
17. Zafonte RD, Mann NR, Fichtenberg NL. Sleep disturbance in traumatic brain injury: pharmacologic options.
18. Hall ME, MacDonald S, Young GC. The effectiveness of directed multisensory stimulation versus non-directed stimulation in comatose CHI patients: pilot study of a single subject design. Brain Inj 1992;6:435-445.
19. Mitchell S, Bradley VA, Welch JL, Britton PG. Coma arousal procedure: a therapeutic intervention in the treatment of head injury. Brain Inj 1990;4:273-279.
20. Rader MA, Ellis DW. The sensory stimulation assessment measure (SSAM): a tool for early evaluation of severely brain-injured patients. Brain Inj 1994;8: 309-321.
21. Grossman P, Hagel K. Post-traumatic apallic syndrome following head injury. Part 2: Treatment. Disabil-Rehabil 1996;18:57-68.
22. Nickels JL, Schneider WN, Dombovy ML, Wong TM. Clinical use of amantadine in brain injury rehabilitation. Brain Inj 1994;8:709-718.
23. Reinhard DL, Whyte J, Sandel ME. Improved arousal and initiation following tricyclic antidepressant use in severe brain injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1996;77:80-83.
24. Sandel ME, Zwil AS, Fugate LP. An interdisciplinary perspective on the agitated brain injured patient. NeuroRehabilitation 1995;5:299-308.
25. Corrigan JD. Development of a scale for assessment of agitation following traumatic brain injury. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 1989;11:261-277.
26. Bogner J, Corrigan JD. Epidemiology of agitatiion following brain injury. NeuroRehabilitation 1995;5: 293-297.
27. Bell KR, Cardenas CC. New frontiers of neuropharmacologic treatment of brain injury agitation. NeuroRehabilitation 1995;5:233-244.
28. Cardenas DD, McLean A. Psychopharmacologic management of traumatic brain injury. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 1992;3:273-290.
29. Rowfand T, DePalma L. Current neuropharmacologic interventions for the management of brain injury agitation. NeuroRehabilitation 1995;5:219-232.
30. Nowak P, Cohn AM, Guidice MA. Airway complications in patients with closed-head injuries. Am J Otolaryngol 1987;8:91-96.
31. Woo P, Kelly G, Kirshner P. Airway complications in the head injured. Laryngoscopy 1989;99(Pt 1):725-731.
32. Katz RT. Mechanisms, measurement, and management of spastic hypertonia after head injury. Phys Med Clin N Am 1992;3:319-335.
33. Hill J. The effects of casting on upper extremity motor disorders after brain injury. Am J Occup Ther 1994;48:219-224.
34. Meythaler JM, DeVivo MJ, Hadley M. Prospective study on the use of bolus intrathecal baclofen for spastic hypertonia due to acquired brain injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1996;77:461-466.
35. Botte MJ, Abrams RA, Bodine-Fowle SC. Treatment of acquired muscle spasticity using phenol peripheral nerve blocks. Orthopedics 1995;18:151-159.
36. Yablon SA, Agana BT, Ivanhoe CB, Boake C. Botulinum toxin in severe upper extremity spasticity among patients with traumatic brain injury: an open-labeled trial. Neurology 1996;47:939-944.
37. Singer FR, Minoofar PN. Biphosphonates in the treatment of mineral metabolism. Adv Endocrinol Metab 1995;6:259-288.
38. Orzel JA, Thomas GR. Heterotopic bone formation: clinical, laboratory, and imaging correlation. J Nucl Med 1985;26:125-132.
39. Pittenger DE. Heterotopic ossification. Orthop Rev 1991;20:33-39.
40. Singer BR. Heterotopic ossification. Br J Hosp Med 1993;49:247-255.
41. Moore TJ. Functional outcome following surgical excision of heterotopic ossification in patients with traumatic brain injury. J Orthop Trauma 1993;7:11-14.
42. Johnston MV, Lewis FD. Outcome of community re-entry programs for brain injury survivors. Part I: Independent living and productive activities. Brain Inj 1991;5:141-154.
43. Rappaport M, Herrero-Backe C, Rappaport ML. Head injury outcome up to ten years later. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1989;70:885-892.
44. Spettel CM, Ellis DW, Ross SE. Time of rehabilitation admission and severity of trauma: effect on brain injury outcome. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1991;72:320-325.
45. Cope DN, Hall K, Head injury rehabilitation: benefit of early intervention. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1982;63: 433-437.
46. Mitchell S, Bradley VA, Welch JL. Coma arousal procedure: a therapeutic intervention in the treatment of head injury. Brain Inj 1990;4:273-279.
47. Kater KM. Response of head injury patients to sensory stimulation. W J Nursing Res 1989;11:20-33.
48. Spivack G, Spettell CM, Ellis DW, Ross SE. Effects of intensity of treatment and length of stay on rehabilitation outcomes. Brain Inj 1992;6:419-434.
49. Blackerby WF. Intensity of rehabilitation and length of stay. Brain Inj 1990;4:167-173.
50. Heinemann AW, Hamilton B, Linacre JM, Wright BD, Granger C. Functional status and therapeutic intensity during inpatient rehabilitation. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 1995;74:315-326.
51. Kramer AM, Steiner JF, Schlenker RE, Ellersten TB, Hrincevich CA, Tropea, DA. Outcomes and costs after hip fracture and stroke: a comparison of rehabilitation settings. J Am Med Assoc 1997;277:396-404.
52. Keith RA, Wilson DB, Gutierrez P. Acute and subacute rehabilitation for stroke: a comparison. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1995;76:495-500.
53. Nugent S, Schurr K, Adams R. A dose-response relationship between amount of weight-bearing exercise and walking outcome following CVA. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1994;75:399-402.
54. Richards C, Malouin F, Wood-Dauphinee S. Task-specific physical therapy for optimization of gait recovery. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1993;74:612-620.
55. Stern PH, McDowell F, Miller JM, Robinson M. Factors influencing stroke rehabilitation. Stroke 1971;2:213-218.
56. Ottenbacher KJ, Jannell S. The results of clinical trials in stroke rehabilitation research. Arch Neurol 1993;5:37-44.
57. Wright RE, Rao N, Smith RM. Risk factors for death and emergency transfer in acute and subacute inpatient rehabilitation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1996;77: 1049-1055.