When females should contest for food - Testing hypotheses about resource density, distribution, size, and quality with Hanuman langurs (Presbytis entellus)

Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology

Volumn 42, Issue 4, 1998, Pages 225-237

  Koenig, Andreas ^a,b   Beise, Jan ^a,d   Chalise, Mukesh K ^c   Ganzhorn, Jörg U ^b,e  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GÖTTINGEN   (Germany)

^b GERMAN PRIMATE CENTER   (Germany)

^c KATHMANDU UNIVERSITY   (Nepal)

^d JUSTUS LIEBIG UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

^e UNIVERSITY OF HAMBURG   (Germany)

Author keywords

Feeding competition; Presbytis entellus; Resource distribution; Resource quality; Resource use

Indexed keywords

CONTEST COMPETITION; DOMINANCE HIERACHY; FEEDING BEHAVIOUR; FEMALE BEHAVIOUR; HANUMAN LANGUR; SOCIAL RELATIONSHIP;

PRESBYTIS ENTELLUS;

EID: 0031966973     PISSN: 03405443     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s002650050434     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. Agetsuma N (1995) Foraging synchrony in a group of Yakushima macaques (Macaca fuscata yakui). Folia Primatol 64:167-179
2. Barton RA (1993) Sociospatial mechanisms of feeding competition in female olive baboons, Papio anubis. Anim Behav 46:791-802
3. Barton RA, Whiten A (1993) Feeding competition among female olive baboons, Papio anubis. Anim Behav 46:777-789
4. Barton RA, Byrne RW, Whiten A (1996) Ecology, feeding competition and social structure in baboons. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 38:321-329
5. Barton RA, Whiten A, Byrne RW, English M (1993) Chemical composition of baboon plant foods: implications for the interpretation of intra- and interspecific differences in diet. Folia Primatol 61:1-20
6. Borries C (1993) Ecology of female social relationships: Hanuman langurs and the van Schaik model. Folia Primatol 61:21-30
7. Borries C (1997) Infanticide in seasonally breeding multimale groups of Hanuman langurs (Presbytis entellus) in Ramnugar (South Nepal). Behav Ecol Sociobiol 41:139-150
8. Borries C, Sommer V, Srivastava A (1991) Dominance, age, and reproductive success in free-ranging female Hanuman langurs (Presbytis entellus). Int J Primatol 12:231-257
9. Chalise MK (1995) Comparative study of feeding ecology and behaviour of male and female langurs (Presbytis entellus). PhD thesis, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu
10. Clutton-Brock TH, Harvey PH (1976) Evolutionary rules and primate societies. In: Bateson PG (ed) Growing points in ethology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 195-237
11. Ganzhorn JU (1988) Food partitioning among Malagasy primates. Oecologia 75:436-450
12. Harrison MJS (1985) Time budget of the green monkey, Cercopithecus sabaeus: some optimal strategies. Int J Primatol 6:351-376
13. Hrdy SB (1977) The langurs of Abu. Female and male strategies of reproduction. Harvard University Press, Cambridge
14. Hrdy SB, Hrdy DB (1976) Hierarchical relations among female Hanuman langurs (Primates: Colobinae, Presbytis entellus). Science 193:913-915
15. Isbell LA (1991) Contest and scramble competition: patterns of female aggression and ranging behavior among primates. Behav Ecol 2:143-155
16. Janson CH (1985) Aggressive competition and individual food consumption in wild brown capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella). Behav Ecol Sociobiol 18:125-138
17. Janson CH (1988) Food competition in brown capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella): quantitative effects of group size and tree productivity. Behaviour 105:53-76
18. Janson CH, Schaik CP van (1988) Recognizing the many faces of primate food competition: methods. Behaviour 105:165-186
19. Jay P (1965) The common langur of north India. In: DeVore I (ed) Primate behavior. Field studies of monkeys and apes. Holt Rinehart and Winston, New York, pp 197-249
20. Kenward R (1987) Wildlife radio tagging. Academic Press, London
21. Koenig A, Borries C, Chalise MK, Winkler P (1997) Ecology, nutrition and the timing of reproductive events in an Asian primate, the Hanuman langur (Presbytis entellus). J Zool Lond 243:215-235
22. Lomnicki A (1988) Population ecology of individuals. Princeton University Press, Princeton
23. Ludwig JA, Reynolds JF (1988) Statistical ecology. A primer on methods and computing. John Wiley, New York
24. Martin P, Bateson P (1993) Measuring behaviour. An introductory guide, 2nd edn. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
25. Milinski M, Parker GA (1991) Competition for resources. In: Krebs JR, Davies NB (eds) Behavioural ecology. An evolutionary approach. Blackwell, Oxford, pp 137-168
26. Mitchell CL, Boinski S, Schaik CP van (1991) Competitive regimes and female bonding in two species of squirrel monkeys (Saimiri oerstedi and S. sciureus). Behav Ecol Sociobiol 28:55-60
27. Mori A (1979) Analysis of population changes by measurement of body weight in the Koshima troop of Japanese monkeys. Primates 20:371-397
28. Mueller-Dombois D, Ellenberg H (1974) Aims and methods of vegetation ecology. John Wiley, New York
29. Newton PN (1984) The ecology and social organization of Hanuman langurs (Presbytis entellus Dufresne, 1797) in Kanha Tiger Reserve, Central Indian Highlands. PhD thesis, University of Oxford
30. Newton PN (1987) The social organization of forest Hanuman langurs (Presbytis entellus). Int J Primatol 8:199-232
31. Newton PN (1988a) The structure and phenology of a moist deciduous forest in the Central Indian Highlands. Vegetatio 75:3-16
32. Newton PN (1988b) The variable social organization of Hanuman langurs (Presbytis entellus), infanticide, and the monopolization of females. Int J Primatol 9:59-77
33. Newton PN (1992) Feeding and ranging patterns of forest Hanuman langurs (Presbytis entellus). Int J Primatol 13:245-285
34. Newton PN, Dunbar RIM (1994) Colobine monkey society. In: Davies AG, Oates JF (eds) Colobine monkeys. Their ecology, behaviour and evolution. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 311-346
35. Nicholson AJ (1954) An outline of the dynamics of animal populations. Austral J Zool 2:9-65
36. Nikolei J, Borries C (1997) Sex differential behavior of immature Hanuman langurs (Presbytis entellus) in Ramnagar, south Nepal. Int J Primatol 18:415-437
37. Noordwijk MA van, Schaik CP van (1987) Competition among female long-tailed macaques, Macaca fascicularis. Anim Behav 35:577-589
38. Plavcan JM, Schaik CP van (1992) Intrasexual competition and canine dimorphism in anthropoid primates. Am J Phys Anthropol 87:461-477
39. Podzuweit D (1994) Sozio-Ökologie weiblicher Hanuman Languren (Presbytis entellus) in Ramnagar, Südnepal. Cuvillier, Göttingen
40. Schaik CP van (1989) The ecology of social relationships amongst female primates. In: Standen V, Foley RA (eds) Comparative socioecology. The behavioural ecology of humans and other mammals. Blackwell, Oxford, pp 195-218
41. Schaik CP van (1996) Social evolution in primates: the role of ecological factors and male behaviour. Proc Br Acad 88:9-31
42. Schaik CP van, Noordwijk MA van (1988) Scramble and contest in feeding competition among female long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis). Behaviour 105:77-98
43. Siegel S, Castellan NJ Jr (1988) Nonparametric statistics for the behavioral sciences, 2nd edn. McGraw-Hill, New York
44. Sokal RR, Rohlf FJ (1981) Biometry, 2nd edn. WH Freeman, New York
45. Sommer V, Rajpurohit LS (1989) Male reproductive success in harem troops of Hanuman langurs (Presbytis entellus). Int J Primatol 10:293-317
46. Sterck EHM (1995) Females, foods and fights. A socioecological comparison of the sympatric Thomas langur and long-tailed macaques. PhD thesis, University of Utrecht, Utrecht
47. Sterck EHM (1998) Female dispersal, social organization and infanticide in langurs. Are they linked to human disturbance? Am J Primatol (in press)
48. Sterck EHM, Watts DP, Schaik CP van (1997) The evolution of female social relationships in nonhuman primates. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 41:291-309
49. Struhsaker TT (1975) The red colobus monkey. University of Chicago Press, Chicago
50. Sugiyama Y, Ohsawa H (1982) Population dynamics of Japanese monkeys with special reference to the effect of artificial feeding. Folia Primatol 39:238-263
51. Vogel C, Winkler P (1988) Schlank- und Stummelaffen. In: Grzimek B (ed) Grzimek's Enzyklopädie - Säugetiere, Bd 2. Kindler, München, pp 296-324
52. Watts DP (1985) Relations between group size and composition and feeding competition in mountain gorilla groups. Anim Behav 33:72-85
53. Watts DP (1988) Environmental influences on mountain gorilla time budgets. Am J Primatol 15:195-211
54. Watts DP (1994) Agonistic relationships between female mountain gorillas (Gorilla gorilla beringei). Behav Ecol Sociobiol 34:347-358
55. Wesche K (1995) Struktur und Nutzung eines tropischen Sal-(Shorea robusta) Waldes in Süd-Nepal. MSc thesis, Philipps-University, Marburg
56. Wesche K (1997) A classification of a tropical Shorea robusta forest stand in southern Nepal. Phytocoenologia 27:103-118
57. Whitten PL (1983) Diet and dominance among female vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops). Am J Primatol 5:139-159
58. Wrangham RW (1980) An ecological model of female-bonded primate groups. Behaviour 75:262-300
59. Wrangham RW (1981) Drinking competition among vervet monkeys. Anim Behav 29:904-910