Accurate structure determination from image reconstruction ADF STEM

Journal of Microscopy

Volumn 190, Issue 1-2, 1998, Pages 159-170

  Nellist, P D ^a   Pennycook, S J ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

^b OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

Author keywords

ADF; Image reconstruction; Incoherent imaging; Probe reconstruction; STEM; Structure determination

Indexed keywords

CRYSTAL ATOMIC STRUCTURE; IMAGE RECONSTRUCTION; OPTICAL TRANSFER FUNCTION; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY;

ANNULAR DARK-FIELD; ANNULAR DARK-FIELD IMAGING; DARK-FIELD; IMAGES RECONSTRUCTION; INCOHERENT IMAGING; OBJECT FUNCTIONS; POINT-SPREAD FUNCTION; PROBE RECONSTRUCTION; STEM; STRUCTURE DETERMINATION;

PROBES;

ALGORITHM; COMPUTER PROGRAM; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; IMAGE RECONSTRUCTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUANTITATIVE DIAGNOSIS; REVIEW; STRUCTURE ANALYSIS; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY;

EID: 0031945495     PISSN: 00222720     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2818.1998.3260881.x     Document Type: Review

References (27)

1. Bates, R.H.T. & McDonnell, M.J. (1986) Image Restoration and Reconstruction. Oxford Engineering Science Series, Oxford.
2. Baumann, F.H., Griebelyuk, M., Kim, Y., Kisielowski, C., Maurice, J.L., Rau, W.D., Rentschler, J.A., Schwander, P. & Ourmazd, A. (1995) High-resolution composition profiles of multilayers. Phys. Status Solidi A, 150, 31-50.
3. Bourret, A., Rouviere, J.L. & Penisson, J.M. (1988) Structure determination of planar defects in crystals of germanium and molybdenum by HREM. Acta Crystallogr, A, 44, 838-847.
4. Buck, B. & Macaulay, V.A. (1991) Maximum Entropy in Action. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
5. 2/Si (111). Appl. Phys. Lett. 64, 2409-2411.
6. Coene, W., Janssen, G., Op de Beeck, M. & Van Dyck, D. (1992) Phase retrieval through focus variation for ultra-resolution in field-emission transmission electron microscopy. Phys. Rev. Lett. 69, 3743-3746.
7. Cowley, J.M. (1969) Image contrast in a transmission scanning electron microscope. Appl. Phys. Lett. 15, 58-59.
8. Dickey, E.C., Dravid, V.P, Nellist, P.D., Wallis, D.J. & Pennycook, S.J. (1997) Acta Mater., in press.
9. Gull, S.F. & Daniell, G.J. (1978) Image reconstruction from incomplete and noisy data. Nature, 272, 686-690.
10. Högbom, J.A. (1974) Aperture synthesis with a non-regular distribution of interferometer baselines. Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. 15, 417-426.
11. Jesson, D.E. & Pennycook, S.J. (1993) Incoherent imaging of thin specimens using coherently scattered electrons. Proc. R. Soc. (London) A, 441, 261-281.
12. Jesson, D.E. & Pennycook, S.J. (1995) Incoherent imaging of crystals using thermally scattered electrons. Proc. R. Soc. (London) A, 449, 273-293.
13. 3. Science, 266, 102-104.
14. McGibbon, A.J., Pennycook, S.J. & Angelo, J.E. (1995) Direct observation of dislocation core structures in CdTe/GaAs (001). Science, 269, 519-521.
15. Möbus, G. (1996) Retrieval of crystal defect structures from HREM images by simulated evolution. I. Basic technique. Ultramicroscopy, 65, 205-216.
16. Möbus, G. & Dehm, G. (1996) Retrieval of crystal defect structures from HREM images by simulated evolution. II. Experimental image evaluation. Ultramicroscopy, 65, 217-228.
17. Nellist, P.D. & Pennycook, S.J. (1996) Direct Imaging of the atomic-configuration of ultradispersed catalysts. Science, 274, 413-415.
18. Orchowski, A., Rau, W.D. & Lichte, H. (1995) Electron holography surmounts resolution limit of electron microscopy. Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 399-401.
19. Pennycook, S.J. & Jesson, D.E. (1990) High-resolution incoherent imaging of crystals. Phys. Rev. Lett. 64, 938-941.
20. Lord Rayleigh (1896) On the theory of optical images with special reference to the microscope. Philos. Mag. 42(5), 167-195.
21. Saxton, W.O. & Smith, D.J. (1985) The determination of atomic positions in high-resolution electron micrographs. Ultramicroscopy, 18, 39-48.
22. Sivia, D.S., David, W.I.F., Knight, K.S. & Gull, S.F. (1993) An introduction to Bayesian model selection. Physica D, 66, 234-242.
23. Skilling, J. & Bryan, R.K. (1984) Maximum entropy image reconstruction: general algorithm. Monthly Notices R. Astronom. Soc. 211, 111-124.
24. Spence, J.C.H. & Cowley, J.M. (1978) Lattice imaging in STEM. Optik, 50, 129-142.
25. Spence, J.C.H., O'Keefe, M.A. & Kolar, H. (1977) High resolution image interpretation in crystalline germanium, Optik, 49, 307-323.
26. Tan, S.M. (1986) An analysis of the properties of CLEAN and smoothness stabilised CLEAN - Some warnings. Monthly Notices R. Astronom. Soc. 220, 971-1001.
27. Zeitler, E. & Thomson, M.G.R. (1970) Scanning transmission electron microscopy. Optik, 31, 258-280, 359-366.