Role of oxidative stress and the glutathione system in loss of dopamine neurons due to impairment of energy metabolism

Journal of Neurochemistry

Volumn 70, Issue 4, 1998, Pages 1421-1430

  Zeevalk, Gail D ^a   Bernard, Laura P ^a   Nicklas, William J ^a  

^a RUTGERS ROBERT WOOD JOHNSON MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

Author keywords

Free radicals; Glutathione; Malonate; Mesencephalic culture; Nitrone spin traps; Parkinson's disease

Indexed keywords

4 AMINOBUTYRIC ACID; CARBON 14; DOPAMINE; FREE RADICAL; GLUTATHIONE; MALONIC ACID; N METHYL DEXTRO ASPARTIC ACID RECEPTOR; TRITIUM;

ANIMAL CELL; ARTICLE; DEGENERATIVE DISEASE; DOPAMINERGIC NERVE CELL; EMBRYO; ENERGY METABOLISM; GLUTATHIONE METABOLISM; MESENCEPHALON; NERVE CELL CULTURE; NONHUMAN; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PARKINSON DISEASE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RAT;

EID: 0031929586     PISSN: 00223042     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.70041421.x     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Beal M. F., Brouillet E., Jenkins B., Henshaw R., Rosen B., and Hyman B. T. (1993) Age-dependent striatal excitotoxic lesions produced by the endogenous mitochondrial inhibitor malonate. J. Neurochem. 61, 1147-1150.
2. Benecke R., Strumper P., and Weiss H. (1993) Electron transfer complexes I and IV of platelets are abnormal in Parkinson's disease but normal in Parkinson-plus syndromes. Brain 116, 1451-1463.
3. Berman S. B., Zigmond M. J., and Hastings T. G. (1996) Modification of dopamine transporter function: effect of reactive oxygen species and dopamine. J. Neurochem. 67, 593-600.
4. Bhave S. V., Johannessen J. N., Lash L. H., Wakade T. D., and Wakade A. R. (1996) Age-dependent sensitivity of cultured peripheral sympathetic neurons to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium: role of glutathione. J. Neurochem. 67, 557-565.
5. Bindoff L. A., Birch-Machin M. A., Cartidge N. E. F., Parker W. D., and Turnbull D. M. (1991) Respiratory chain abnormalities in skeletal muscle from patients with Parkinson's disease. J. Neurol. Sci. 104, 203-208.
6. Boveris A. and Chance B. (1973) The mitochondrial generation of hydrogen peroxide. Biochem. J. 134, 707-716.
7. Cao X. and Phillis J. W. (1994) α-Phenyl-tert-butyl-nitrone reduces cortical infarct and edema in rats subjected to focal ischemia. Brain Res. 644, 267-272.
8. Carney J. M. and Floyd R. A. (1991) Protection against oxidative damage to CNS by α-phenyl-tert-butyl nitrone (PBN) and other spin-trapping agents: a novel series of nonlipid free radical scavengers. J. Mol. Neurosci. 3, 47-57.
9. DiMonte D A., Chan P., and Sandy M. S. (1992) Glutathione in Parkinson's disease: a link between oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage? Ann. Neurol. 32, 5111-5115.
10. Dugan L. L., Sensi S. L., Canzoniero L. M. T., Handran S. D., Rothman S. M., Lin T.-S., and Goldberg M. P. (1995) Mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species in cortical neurons following exposure to N-methyl-D-aspartate. J. Neurosci. 15, 6377-6388.
11. Fornstedt B., Pileblad E., and Carlsson A. (1990) In vivo autoxidation of dopamine in guinea pig striatum increases with age. J. Neurochem. 55, 655-659.
12. Graham D. G. (1978) Oxidative pathways for catecholamines in the genesis of neuromelanin and cytotoxic quinones. Mol. Pharmacol. 14, 633-643.
13. Greene J. G., and Greenamyre J. T. (1995) Characterization of the excitotoxic potential of the reversible succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor malonate. J. Neurochem. 64, 430-436.
14. Greene J. G., Porter R. H. P., Eller R. V., and Greenamyre J. T. (1993) Inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase by malonic acid produces an "excitotoxic" lesion in rat striatum. J. Neurochem. 61, 1151-1154.
15. Gunasekar P. G., Kanthasamy A. G., Borowitz J. L., and Isom G. E. (1995) NMDA receptor activation produces concurrent generation of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species: implication for cell death. J. Neurochem. 65, 2016-2021.
16. Gunasekar P. G., Kanthasamy A. G., Borowitz J. L., and Isom G. E. (1996) Cyanide-induced neurotoxicity involves nitric oxide and active oxygen species generation after N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 277, 150-155.
17. Haas R. H., Nasirian F., Nakano K., Ward D., Pay R. N., Hill R., and Shults C. W. (1995) Low platelet mitochondrial complex I and complex II/III activity in early untreated Parkinson's disease Ann. Neurol. 37, 714-722.
18. Han S.-K., Mytilineou C., and Cohen G. (1996) L-DOPA up-regulates glutathione and protects mesencephalic cultures against oxidative stress. J. Neurochem. 66, 501-510.
19. Hastings T. G. (1995) Enzymatic oxidation of dopamine: the role of prostaglandin H synthase. J. Neurochem. 64, 919-924.
20. Hattori N., Tanaka M., Ozawa T., and Mizuno Y. (1991) Immunohistochemical studies on complexes I, II, III, and IV of mitochondria in Parkinson's disease. Ann. Neurol. 30, 563-571.
21. Heales S. J. R., Davies S. E. C., Bates T. E., and Clark J. B. (1995) Depletion of brain glutathione is accompanied by impaired mitochondrial function and decreased N-acetyl aspartate concentration. Neurochem. Res. 20, 31-38.
22. Hornykiewicz O. and Kish S. (1986) Biochemical pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease. Adv. Neurol. 45, 19-34.
23. Hou J.-G. G., Cohen G., and Mytilineou C. (1997) Basic fibroblast arowth factor stimulation of glial cells protects dopamine neurons from 6-hydroxydopamine toxicity: involvement of the glutathione system. J. Neurochem. 69, 76-83.
24. Huang J. and Philbert M. A. (1995) Distribution of glutathione and glutathione-related enzyme systems in mitochondrial and cytosol of cultured cerebellar astrocytes and granule cells. Brain Res. 680, 16-22.
25. Jain A., Martensson J., Stole E., Auld P. A. M., and Meister A. (1991) Glutathione deficiency leads to mitochondrial damage in brain. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88, 1913-1917.
26. Jenner P., Dexter D. T., Sian J., Schapira A. H. V., and Marsden C. D. (1992) Oxidative stress as a cause of nigral cell death in Parkinson's disease and incidental Lewy body disease. Ann. Neurol. 32 (Suppl.), S82-S87.
27. Kanthasamy A. G., Borowitz J. L., Pavlakovic G., and Isom G. E. (1994) Dopaminergic neurotoxicity of cyanide: neurochemical, histological, and behavioral characterization. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 126, 156-163.
28. Kish S. J., Morito C., and Hornykiewicz O. (1985) Glutathione peroxidase activity in Parkinson's disease brain. Neurosci. Lett. 58, 343-346.
29. Lafon-Cazal M., Pietri S., Culcasi M., and Bockaert J. (1993) NMDA-dependent superoxide production and neurotoxicity. Nature 364, 534-537.
30. Makar T. K., Nedergaard M., Preuss A., Gelbard A. S., Perumal A. S., and Cooper A. J. L. (1994) Vitamin E, ascorbate, glutathione, glutathione disulfide, and enzymes of glutathione metabolism in cultures of chick astrocytes and neurons: evidence that astrocytes play an important role in antioxidative processes in the brain. J. Neurochem. 62, 45-53.
31. Mann V. M., Cooper J. M., Krige D., Daniel S. E., Schapira A. H. V., and Marsden C. D. (1992) Brain, skeletal muscle and platelet homogenate mitochondnal function in Parkinson's disease. Brain 115, 333-342.
32. 2+ concentration, and neurotoxicity and increase antioxidant enzyme activities in hippocampal neurons. J. Neurochem. 65, 1740-1751.
33. Mithofer K., Sandy M. S., Smith M. T., and DiMonte D. (1992) Mitochondrial poisons cause depletion of reduced glutathione in isolated hepatocytes. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 295, 132-136.
34. Mizuno Y., Ohta S., Tanaka M., Takamiya S., Suzuki K., Sato T., Oya H., Ozawa T., and Kagawa Y. (1989) Deficiencies in complex I subunits of the respiratory chain in Parkinson's disease. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 163, 1450-1455.
35. Mizuno Y., Matsuda S., Yoshino H., Mori H., Hattori N., and Ikebe S. I. (1994) An immunohistochemical study on αketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex in Parkinson's disease. Ann. Neurol. 35, 204-210.
36. Monyer H., Hartley D. M., and Choi D. W. (1990) 21-Aminosteroids attenuate excitotoxic neuronal injury in cortical cell cultures. Neuron 5, 121-126.
37. Nicklas W. J. and Browning E. T. (1983) Glutamate uptake and metabolism in C-6 glioma cells: alterations by potassium ion and dibutyryl cAMP. J. Neurochem. 41, 179-187.
38. Parker W. D., Boyson S. J., and Parks J. K. (1989) Abnormalities of the electron transport chain in idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Ann. Neurol. 26, 719-733.
39. Perry T. L., Godin D. V., and Hansen S. (1982) Parkinson's disease: a disorder due to nigral glutathione deficiency? Neurosci. Lett. 33, 305-310.
40. Philbert M. A., Beiswanger C. M., Waters D. K., Reuhl K. R., and Lowndes H. E. (1991) Cellular and regional distribution of reduced glutathione in the nervous system of the rat: histochemical localization by mercury orange and o-phthaldialdehyde-induced histofluorescence. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 107, 215-227.
41. Reynolds I. J. and Hastings T. G. (1995) Glutamate induces the production of reactive oxygen species in cultured forebrain neurons following NMDA receptor activation. J. Neurosci. 15, 3318-3327.
42. Riederer P., Sofic E., Rausch W.-D., Schmidt B., Reynolds G. P., Jellinger K., and Youdim M. B. H. (1989) Transition metals, ferritin, glutathione, and ascorbic acid in parkinsonian brains. J. Neurochem. 52, 515-520.
43. Sagara J., Miura K., and Bannai S. (1993) Maintenance of neuronal glutathione by glial cells. J. Neurochem. 61, 1672-1676.
44. Schapira A. H. V., Cooper J. M., Dexter D., Clark J. B., Jenner P., and Marsden C. D. (1990) Mitochondrial complex I deficiency in Parkinson's disease. J. Neurochem. 54, 823-827.
45. Schulz J. B., Henshaw D. R., Siwek D., Jenkens B. G., Ferrante R. J., Cipolloni P. B., Kowall N. W., Rosen B. R., and Beal M. F. (1995a) Involvement of free radicals in excitotoxicity in vivo. J. Neurochem. 64, 2239-2247.
46. Schulz J. B. Matthews R. T., Jenkins B. G., Brar P., and Beal M. F. (1995b) Improved therapeutic window for treatment of histotoxic hypoxia with a free radical spin trap. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 15, 948-952.
47. Shoffner J. M., Watts R. L., Juncos J. L., Torroni A., and Wallace D. C. (1991) Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation defects in Parkinson's disease. Ann. Neurol. 30, 332-339.
48. Slivka A., Mytilineou C., and Cohen G. (1987) Histochemical evaluation of glutathione in brain. Brain Res. 409, 275-284.
49. Spina M. B. and Cohen G. (1989) Dopamine turnover and glutathione oxidation: implications for Parkinson's disease. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86, 1398-1400.
50. Spina M. B., Squinto S. P., Miller J., Lindsay R. M., and Hyman C. (1992) Brain-derived neurotrophic factor protects dopamine neurons against 6-hydroxydopamine and N-methyl-4-pyridinium ion toxicity: involvement of the glutathione system. J. Neurochem. 59, 99-106.
51. Thomas C. E., Carney J. M., Bernotas R. C., Hay D. A., and Carr A. A. (1994) In vitro and in vivo activity of a novel series of radical trapping agents in model systems of CNS oxidative damage. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 738, 243-249.
52. Thomas C. E., Ohlweiler D. F., Carr A. A., Nieduzak T. R., Hay D. A., Adams G., Vaz R., and Bernotas R. C. (1996) Characterization of the radical trapping activity of a novel series of cyclic nitrone spin traps. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 3097-3104.
53. Yue T. L., Gu J. L., Lysko P. G., Cheng H. Y., Barone F. C., and Feuerstein G. (1992) Neuroprotective effects of phenyl-t-butylnitrone in gerbil global brain ischemia and in cultured rat cerebellar neurons. Brain Res. 574, 193-197.
54. Zeevalk G. D., Derr-Yellin E., and Nicklas W. J. (1995a) Relative vulnerability of dopamine and GABA neurons in mesencephalic culture to inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase by malonate and 3-nitropropionic acid and protection by NMDA receptor blockade. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 275, 1124-1130.
55. Zeevalk G. D., Derr-Yellin E., and Nicklas W. J. (1995b) NMDA receptor involvement in toxicity to dopamine neurons in vitro caused by the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor 3-nitropropionic acid. J. Neurochem. 64, 455-458.
56. Zeevalk G. D., Bernard L. P., Albers D. S., Mirochnitchenko O., Nicklas W. J., and Sonsalla P. K. (1997a) Energy stress-induced dopamine loss in glutathione peroxidase-overexpressing transgenic mice and in glutathione-depleted mesencephalic cultures. J. Neurochem. 68, 426-429.
57. Zeevalk G. D., Manzino L., Hoppe J., and Sonsalla P. K. (1997b) In vivo vulnerability of dopamine neurons to inhibition of energy metabolism. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 320, 111-119.