A randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial of the effects of 200 mg α-tocopherol on the oxidation resistance of atherogenic lipoproteins

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Volumn 68, Issue 5, 1998, Pages 1034-1041

  Porkkala Sarataho, Elina K ^b   Nyyssönen, M Kristiina ^b   Kaikkonen, Jari E ^b   Poulsen, Henrik E ^b   Hayn, E Marianne ^b   Salonen, Riitta M ^b   Salonen, Jukka T ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN FINLAND   (Finland)

^b NONE

Author keywords

Lipid peroxidation; Low density lipoprotein; Very low density lipoprotein; Vitamin E

Indexed keywords

ALPHA TOCOPHEROL; ANTIOXIDANT; BETA CAROTENE; COPPER; HEMIN; HYDROGEN PEROXIDE; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; LYCOPENE; RETINOL STEARATE; VERY LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN;

ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; AREA UNDER THE CURVE; ARTICLE; BODY MASS; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIET SUPPLEMENTATION; DOSE RESPONSE; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; HUMAN TISSUE; LIPOPROTEIN METABOLISM; OXIDATION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PROTEIN ISOLATION; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SINGLE BLIND PROCEDURE;

EID: 0031728232     PISSN: 00029165     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/68.5.1034     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Steinberg D, Parthasarathy S, Carew TE, Khoo JC, Witztum JL. Beyond cholesterol: modifications of low-density lipoprotein that increase its atherogenicity. N Engl J Med 1989;320:915-24.
2. Steinbrecher UP, Zhang H, Lougheed M. Role of oxidatively modified LDL in atherosclerosis. Free Radic Biol Med 1990;9:155-68.
3. Salonen JT, Ylä-Herttuala S, Yamamoto R, et al. Autoantibody against oxidized LDL and progression of carotid atherosclerosis. Lancet 1992;339:883-7.
4. Mohr D, Stocker R. Radical-mediated oxidation of isolated human very-low-density lipoprotein. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1994;14:1186-92.
5. Krauss RM, Williams PT, Brensike J, et al. Intermediate-density lipoproteins and progression of coronary artery disease in hypercholesterolaemic men. Lancet 1987;2:62-6.
6. Brown KM, Morrice PC, Duthie GG. Vitamin E supplementation suppresses indexes of lipid peroxidation and platelet counts in blood of smokers and nonsmokers but plasma lipoprotein concentrations remain unchanged. Am J Clin Nutr 1994;60:383-7.
7. Smith C, Mitchinson MJ, Aruoma O, Halliwell B. Stimulation of lipid peroxidation and hydroxyl radical generation by the contents of human atherosclerotic lesions. Biochem J 1992;286:901-5.
8. Kita T, Nagano Y, Yokode M, et al. Probucol prevents the progression of atherosclerosis in the WHHL rabbit, an animal model of familial hypercholesterolemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1987; 84:5920-31.
9. Carew TE, Schwenke DC, Steinberg D. An atherogenic effect of probucol unrelated to its hypercholesterolemic effect: evidence that antioxidants in vivo can selectively inhibit low density degradation in macrophage rich fatty streaks slowing down the progression of atherosclerosis in WHHL rabbits. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1987;84:7723-9.
10. O'Leary V, Tilling L, Fleetwood G, Stone D, Darley-Usmar V. The resistance of low density lipoprotein to oxidation promoted by copper and its use as an index of antioxidant therapy. Atherosclerosis 1996;119:169-79.
11. Björkhem I, Henriksson-Freyschuss A, Breuer O, Diczfalusy L, Berglund L, Henriksson P. The antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene protects against atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1991;11:15-22.
12. Hirose M, Shibata A, Hagiwara K, Imaida K, Ito N. Chronic toxicity of butylated hydroxytoluene in Wistar rats. Food Cosmet Toxicol 1981;19:147-51.
13. Buckley M, Goa K, Prince A, Brogden E. Probucol. A reappraisal of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic use in hypercholesterolemia. Drugs 1989;37:761-800.
14. Esterbauer H, Dieber-Rotheneder M, Waeg G, Striegl G, Jürgens G. Biochemical, structural and functional properties of oxidized low-density lipoprotein. Chem Res Toxicol 1990;3:77-92.
15. Esterbauer H, Gebicki J, Puhl H, Jürgens G. The role of lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in oxidative modification of LDL. Free Radic Biol Med 1992;13:341-90.
16. Farrell PM, Bieri JG. Megavitamin E supplementation in man. Am J Clin Nutr 1975;28:1381-6.
17. Bendich A, Machlin LJ. Safety of oral intake of vitamin E. Am J Clin Nutr 1988;48:612-9.
18. Dieber-Rotheneder M, Puhl H, Waeg G, Striegel G, Esterbauer H. Effect of oral supplementation with d-α-tocopherol on the vitamin E content of human low density lipoproteins and resistance to oxidation. J Lipid Res 1991;32:1325-32.
19. Reaven PD, Khouw A, Beltz WF, Parthasarathy S, Witztum JL. Effect of dietary antioxidant combinations in humans. Protection of LDL by vitamin E but not by β-carotene. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1993;13:590-600.
20. Nyyssönen K, Porkkala E, Salonen R, Korpela H, Salonen JT. Increase in oxidation resistance of atherogenic serum lipoproteins following antioxidant supplementation: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Eur J Clin Nutr 1994;48:633-42.
21. Jialal I, Grundy SM. Effect of dietary supplementation with alpha-tocopherol on the oxidative modification of low density lipoprotein. J Lipid Res 1992;33:899-906.
22. Jialal I, Grundy SM. Effect of combined supplementation with α-tocopherol, ascorbate, and β-carotene on low-density lipoprotein oxidation. Circulation 1993;88:2780-6.
23. Princen HMG, van Poppel G, Vogelezang C, Buytenhek R, Kok FJ. Supplementation with vitamin E but not β-carotene in vivo protects low density lipoprotein from lipid peroxidation in vitro. Effect of cigarette smoking. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1992;12:554-62.
24. Princen HMG, van Duyvenvoorde W, Buytenhek R, et al. Supplementation with low doses of vitamin E protects LDL from lipid peroxidation in men and women. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1995;15:325-33.
25. Kleinveld HA, Demacker PNM, Stalenhoef AFH. Comparative study on the effect of low-dose vitamin E and probucol on the susceptibility of LDL to oxidation and the progression of atherosclerosis in Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1994;14:1386-91.
26. Wander RC, Du S-H, Ketchum SO, Rowe KE. Effects of interaction of RRR-α-tocopheryl acetate and fish oil low-density-lipoprotein oxidation in postmenopausal women with and without hormone-replacement therapy. Am J Clin Nutr 1996;63:184-93.
27. Devaraj S, Adams-Huet B, Fuller CJ, Jialal I. Dose-response comparison of RRR-aα-tocopherol and all-racemic α-tocopherol on LDL oxidation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1997;17:2273-9.
28. Priemé H, Loft S, Nyyssönen K, Salonen JT, Poulsen HE. No effect of supplementation with vitamin E, ascorbic acid, or coenzyme Q10 on oxidative DNA damage estimated by 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine excretion in smokers. Am J Clin Nutr 1997; 65:503-7.
29. Nyyssönen K, Poulsen HE, Hayn M, et al. Effect of supplementation of smoking men with plain or slow release ascorbic acid on lipoprotein oxidation. Eur J Clin Nutr 1997;51:154-63.
30. Kaikkonen J, Nyyssönen K, Porkkala-Sarataho E, et al. Effect of oral coenzyme Q10 supplementation on the oxidation resistance of human VLDL+LDL fraction: absorption and antioxidative properties of oil and granule-based preparations. Free Radic Biol Med 1997;22:1195-202.
31. World Medical Assembly. World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki 1989. JAMA 1997;277:925-6.
32. Porkkala-Sarataho E, Nyyssönen K, Salonen JT. Increased oxidation resistance of atherogenic plasma lipoproteins at high vitamin E levels in non-vitamin E supplemented men. Atherosclerosis 1996; 124:83-94.
33. Esterbauer H, Striegl G, Puhl H, Rotheneder M. Continuous monitoring of in vitro oxidation of human low density lipoprotein. Free Radic Res Commun 1989;6:67-75.
34. Thurnham DI, Smith E, Flora PS. Concurrent liquid-chromatographic assay of retinol, α-tocopherol, β-carotene, α-carotene, lycopene, and β-cryptoxanthin in plasma, with tocopherol acetate as internal standard. Clin Chem 1988;34:377-81.
35. Rabl H, Khoschsorur G, Colombo T, Tatzber F, Esterbauer H. Human plasma lipid peroxide levels show a strong transient increase after successful revascularization operations. Free Radic Biol Med 1992;13:281-8.
36. Nyyssönen K, Pikkarainen S, Parviainen MT, Heinonen K, Mononen I. Quantitative estimation of ascorbic acid and dehydroascorbic acid by high-performance liquid chromatography. Application to human milk, plasma and leukocytes. J Liq Chromatogr 1988;11:1717-28.
37. Salonen JT, Nyyssönen K, Tuomainen T-P, et al. Increased risk of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus at low plasma vitamin E concentrations: a four year follow up study in men. Br Med J 1995;311:1124-7.
38. Gibaldi M, Perrier D. Pharmacokinetics. New York: Marcel Dekker Inc, 1982.
39. Jialal I, Fuller CJ, Huet BA. The effect of α-tocopherol supplementation on LDL oxidation. A dose-response study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1995;15:190-8.
40. Bowry VW, Stocker R. Tocopherol-mediated peroxidation. The prooxidant effect of vitamin E on the radical-initiated oxidation of human low-density lipoprotein. J Am Chem Soc 1993;115:6029-40.
41. Neuzil J, Thomas SR, Stocker R. Requirement for, promotion, or inhibition by α-tocopherol of radical-induced initiation of plasma lipoprotein lipid peroxidation. Free Radic Biol Med 1997;22:57-71.
42. Witting PK, Bowry VW, Stocker R. Inverse deuterium kinetic isotope effect for peroxidation in human low-density lipoprotein (LDL): a simple test for tocopherol-mediated peroxidation of LDL lipids. FEBS Lett 1995;375:45-9.
43. Traber MG, Burton GW, Ingold KU, Kayden HJ. RRR- and SRR-α-tocopherols are secreted without discrimination in human chylomicrons, but RRR-α-tocopherol is preferentially secreted in very low density lipoproteins. J Lipid Res 1990;31:675-85.
44. Traber MG, Ramakrishnan R, Kayden HJ. Human plasma vitamin E kinetics demonstrate rapid recycling of plasma RRR-α-tocopherol. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1994;91:10005-8.
45. Dimitrov NV, Meyer C, Gilliland D, Ruppenthal M, Chenoweth W, Malone W. Plasma tocopherol concentrations in response to supplemental vitamin E. Am J Clin Nutr 1991;53:723-9.
46. Ferslew KE, Acuff RV, Daigneault EA, Wooley TW, Stanton PE Jr. Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of the RRR and all racemic stereoisomers of alpha-tocopherol in humans after single oral administration. J Clin Pharmacol 1993;33:84-8.
47. Lehmann J, Marshal MW, Slover HT, Iacono JM. Influence of dietary fat level and dietary tocopherols on plasma tocopherols of human subjects. J Nutr 1977;107:1006-15.
48. Salonen R, Nyyssönen K, Porkkala-Sarataho E, Salonen JT. The Kuopio Atherosclerosis Prevention Study (KAPS): effect of Pravastatin treatment on lipids, oxidation resistance of lipoproteins, and atherosclerotic progression. Am J Cardiol 1995;76:34C-9C.
49. Salonen JT, Korpela H, Nyyssönen K, et al. Lowering of body iron stores by blood letting and oxidation resistance of serum lipoproteins: a randomized cross-over trial in male smokers. J Intern Med 1995;237:161-8.
50. Louheranta AM, Porkkala-Sarataho EK, Nyyssönen MK, Salonen RM, Salonen JT. Linoleic acid intake and susceptibility of very-low-density and low-density lipoproteins to oxidation in men. Am J Clin Nutr 1996;63:698-703.
51. Smith D, O'Leary VJ, Darley-Usmar VM. The role of α-tocopherol as a peroxyl radical scavenger in human low density lipoprotein. Biochem Pharmacol 1993;45:2195-201.