The resistance of low density lipoprotein to oxidation promoted by copper and its use as an index of antioxidant therapy

Atherosclerosis

Volumn 119, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 169-179

  O'Leary, Vanessa J ^a   Tilling, Lorna ^a   Fleetwood, Gillian ^a   Stone, David ^a   Darley Usmar, Victor ^a,b  

^a WELLCOME RESEARCH LABORATORIES   (United Kingdom)

^b Baptist Health   (United States)

Author keywords

Atherosclerosis; LDL oxidation; Probucol; Watanabe rabbits

Indexed keywords

ALPHA TOCOPHEROL; ANTIOXIDANT; COPPER; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; PROBUCOL;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ARTICLE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIET SUPPLEMENTATION; HUMAN; LIPID OXIDATION; ORAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RABBIT;

EID: 0030043723     PISSN: 00219150     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/0021-9150(95)05644-0     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Witztum JL, Steinberg D. Role of oxidised low density lipoprotein in atherogenesis. J Clin Invest 1991;88:1785.
2. Esterbauer H, Gebicki J, Puhl H, Jurgens G. The role of lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in the oxidative modification of LDL. Free Rad Biol Med 1993;13:341.
3. Darley-Usmar VM, Hassall DG. The role of macrophages and the modification of LDL in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In: Curtis M. (ed). Immunopharmacology of the Heart. London: Academic Press, 1993;43.
4. Haberland ME, Olch CL, Fogelman AM. Role of lysines in mediating interaction of modified low density lipoproteins with the scavenger receptor of human monocyte macrophages. J Biol Chem 1984;259:11305.
5. Parthasarthy S, Printz DJ, Boyd D, Joy L, Steinberg D. Macrophage oxidation of LDL generates a modified form recognised by the scavenger receptor. Arteriosclerosis 1986;6:505.
6. Quinn MT, Parthasarathy S, Fong LG, Steinberg D. Oxidatively modified low density lipoproteins: a potential role in recruitment and retention of monocytes/macrophages during atherogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1987;84:2995.
7. Ylä-Herttuala S, Rosenfeld ME, Parthasarathy S, Glass CK, Sigal E, Witztum JE, Steinberg D. Localisation of 15-lipoxygenase mRNA and protein with epitopes of oxidised low density lipoprotein in macrophage-rich areas of atherosclerotic lesions. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1990;87:6959.
8. Darley-Usmar VM, Hogg N, O'Leary VJ, Wilson MT, Moncada S. The simultaneous generation of superoxide and nitric oxide can initiate lipid peroxidation in human low density lipoprotein. Free Rad Res Commun 1992;17:9.
9. Wieland E, Parthasarathy S, Steinberg S. Peroxidase dependent metal independent oxidation of LDL in vitro: a model for in vivo oxidation? Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1993;90:5929.
10. Hogg N, Rice-Evans C, Darley-Usmar VM, Wilson MT Paganga G, Bourne L. The role of lipid hydroperoxides in the myoglobin dependent oxidation of LDL. Arch Biochem Biophys 1994;314:39.
11. Hazell LJ, Stocker R. Oxidation of low density lipoprotein with hypochlorite causes transformation of the lipoprotein into a high-uptake form for macrophages. Biochem J 1993;290:165.
12. Ylä-Herttuala S, Palinski W, Rosenfield ME Parthasarathy S, Carew TE, Butler S, Witztum JL. Steinberg D. Evidence for the presence of oxidatively modified low density lipoprotein in atherosclerotic lesions of rabbit and man. J Clin Invest 1989;84:1086.
13. Palinski W, Rosenfeld ME, Ylä-Herttuala S, Gurtner GC Socher SS, Butler SW, Parthasarathy S, Carew TE, Steinberg D Witztum JL. Low density lipoprotein undergoes oxidative modification in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci 1989;86:1372.
14. Salonen JT, Ylä-Herttuala S, Yamamoto R. Butler S Korpela H, Salonen R, Nyyssonen K, Palinski W, Witztum JL. Autoantibody against oxidised LDL and progression of carotid atherosclerosis. Lancet 1992;339:883.
15. Riemersma RA, Wood DA, MacIntyre CCA, Elton RA, Gey KF, Oliver MF. Risk of angina pectoris and plasma concentrations of vitamins A, C, E and carotene. Lancet 1991;337:1.
16. Rimm EB, Stampfer MJ, Ascherio A, Giovannucci E Colditz GA, Willett WC. Vitamin E consumption and the risk of coronary heart disease in men. N Engl J Med 1993;328:1450.
17. Gey F. On the antioxidant hypothesis with regard to atherosclerosis. Biblthca Nutr. Dieta 1986;37:53.
18. Dieber-Rotheneder M, Puhl H, Waeg G, Striegl G Esterbuer H. Effect of oral supplementation with D-α-tocopherol on the α-tocopherol content of human low density lipoproteins and resistance to oxidation. J Lipid Res 1991;32:1325.
19. Reaven PD, Parthasarathy S. Beltz WF, Witztum JL. Effect of probucol dosage on plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels and on protection of low density lipoprotein against in vitro oxidation in humans. Arterioscler Thromb 1992;12:318.
20. Regnstrom J, Walldius G, Carlson LA, Nilsson J. Effect of probucol on the susceptibility of low density lipoprotein isolated from hypercholesterolemic patients to become oxidatively modifed in vitro. Atherosclerosis 1990;82:43.
21. Cristol LS, Jialal I, Crundy SM. Effect of low dose probucol therapy on LDL oxidation and the plasma lipoprotein profile in male volunteers. Atherosclerosis 1992;97:11.
22. Maggi E, Bellazzi R, Falaschi F, Frattoni A, Perani G Finardi G, Gazo A, Nai M, Romanini D, Bellomo G. Enhanced LDL oxidation in uremic patients: an additional mechanism for accelerated atherosclerosis. Kid Int 1994;45:876.
23. Regnstrom J, Nilsson J, Tornvall P, Landou C, Hamsten A. Susceptibility to low density lipoprotein oxidation and coronary atherosclerosis in man. Lancet 1992;340:858.
24. Gilligan DM, Sack MN, Guetta V, Casino PR, Quyyumi AA Rader DJ, Panza JA, Cannon RO. Effect of antioxidant vitamins on low density lipoprotein oxidation and impared endothelium dependent vasodilation in patients with hypercholesterolemia. J Am Coll Cardiol 1994;24:1611.
25. Esterbauer H, Striegl G, Puhl H, Rotheneder M. Continuous monitoring of in vitro oxidation of human low density lipoprotein. Free Rad Res Commun 1989;6:67.
26. Reaven P, Parthasarathy S, Grasse BJ, Miller E Alonazan F, Mattson FH, Khoo JC, Steinberg D, Witztum JL. Feasibility of using an oleate rich diet to reduce the susceptibility of LDL to oxidative modification in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 1991;54:701.
27. O'Leary VJ, Darley-Usmar VM, Russell LJ, Stone D. Pro-oxidant effects of lipoxygenase-derived peroxides on the copper-initiated oxidation of low density lipoprotein. Biochem J 1992;282:631.
28. Kontush A, Hubner C, Finckh B, Kohlshutter A Beisiegel U. Low density lipoprotein oxidizability by copper correlates to its initial ubiquinol 10 and polyunsaturated fatty acid content. FEBS Letts 1994;341:69.
29. Frei B, Gaziano JM. Content of antioxidants, preformed lipid hydroperoxides, and cholesterol as predictors of the susceptibility of human low density lipoprotein to metalion dependent and -independent oxidation. J Lipid Res 1993;34:2135.
30. Thomas JP, Kalyanaraman B, Girotti AW. Involvement of preexisting lipid hydroperoxides in copper stimulated oxidation of low density lipoprotein. Arch Biochem Biophys 1994;315:244.
31. Smith C, Mitchinson MJ, Aruoma O, Halliwell B. Stimulation of lipid peroxidation and hydroxyl radical generation by the contents of human atherosclerotic lesions. Biochem J 1992;286:901.
32. Carew TE, Schwenke DC. Steinberg D. Antiatherogenic effect of probucol unrelated to its hypocholesterolemic effect: Evidence that antioxidants in vivo can selectively inhibit low density lipoprotein degradation in macrophage-rich fatty streaks and slow the progression of atherosclerosis in Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1987;84:7725.
33. Kita T, Nagano Y, Yokode M, Ishii K, Kume N, Ooshima A, Yoshida H, Kawai C. Probucol prevents the progression of atherosclerosis in Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbit, an animal model for familial hypercholesterolemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1987;84:5928.
34. Daugherty A, Zweifel BS, Schonfeld G. Probucol attenuates the development of aortic atherosclerosis in cholesterol-fed rabbits. Br J Pharmacol 1989;98:612.
35. Parthasarathy S, Young SG, Witztum JL, Pittman RC Steinberg D. Probucol inhibits oxidative modification of low density lipoprotein. J Clin Invest 1986;77:641.
36. Mao SJT, Yates MT, Rechtin AE, Jackson RL, Van Sickel WA, Antioxidant activity of probucol and its analogues in hypercholesterolemic watanabe rabbits. J Med Chem 1991;34:298.
37. Barnhart RL, Busch SJ, Jackson RL. Concentration-dependent antioxidant activity of probucol in low density lipoprotein in vitro: probucol degradation precedes lipoprotein oxidation. J Lipid Res 1989;30:1703.
38. Chung BH, Wilkindon T, Geer JC, Segrest JP. Preparative and quantitative isolation of plasma lipoproteins. J Lipid Res 1980;21:284.
39. Smith DR, O'Leary VJ, Darley-Usmar VM. The role of α-tocopherol as a peroxyl radical scavenger in human low density lipoprotein. Biochem Pharmacol 1993;45:2195.
40. Walldius G, Erikson U, Olsson AG, Bergstrand L, Hadell K Johansson J, Kaijser L, Lassvik C, Molgaard J, Nilsson S. The effect of probucol on femoral atherosclerosis: the probucol quantitative regression Swedish trial. Am J Cardiol 1994;74:875.
41. Demacker PNM, Hijmans AGM, Kleinveld HA, Stalenhoef AFH. Indications for the presence of circulating peroxides in low density lipoproteins in WHHL rabbits treated with antioxidants. Atherosclerosis 1993;102:69.
42. McPherson T, Hogue M, Milne R, Tall AR, Marcel YL. Increase in plasma cholesteryl ester transfer protein during probucol treatment. Arterioscler Thromb 1991;11:476.
43. Coutant J, Bargar EM, Barbuch R. Negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry as a structural tool in the determination of the major metabolites of probucol in the monkey. Recent Dev Mass Spectrom Biochem Med Env Res 1981;7:35.
44. Akeson AL, Woods CW, Mosher LB, Thomas CE, Jackson RL. Inhibition of IL-1β expression in THP-1 cells by probucol and tocopherol. Atherosclerosis 1991;86:261.
45. Ku G, Doherty NS, Wolos JA, Jackson RL. Inhibition by probucol of interleukin 1 secretion and its implication in atherosclerosis. Am J Cardiol 1988;62:77B.
46. Kuzuya M, Naito M, Funaki C, Hayashi T, Asai K, Kuzuya F. Probucol prevents oxidative injury to endothelial cells. J Lipid Res 1991;32:197.