Action Site and Cellular Effects of Cytotoxin VacA Produced by Helicobacter pylori

Folia Microbiologica

Volumn 43, Issue 3, 1998, Pages 279-284

  Papini, E ^a   Satin, B ^a   De Bernard, M ^a   Molinari, M ^a   Arico B ^b   Galli, C ^a   Telford, J R ^b   Rappuoli, R ^b   Montecucco, C ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PADOVA   (Italy)

^b CHIRON VACCINES   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HELICOBACTER PYLORI;

BACTERIAL PROTEIN; VACA PROTEIN, HELICOBACTER PYLORI;

BINDING SITE; CELL VACUOLE; CHEMISTRY; ENDOSOME; HELICOBACTER INFECTION; HELICOBACTER PYLORI; HUMAN; METABOLISM; MICROBIOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY; REVIEW; STOMACH MUCOSA;

BACTERIAL PROTEINS; BINDING SITES; ENDOSOMES; GASTRIC MUCOSA; HELICOBACTER INFECTIONS; HELICOBACTER PYLORI; HUMANS; VACUOLES;

EID: 0031603419     PISSN: 00155632     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/BF02818613     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. DE BERNARD M., PAPINI E., DE FILIPPIS V., GOTTARDI E., TELFORD. J.L., MANETTI R., FONTANA A., RAPPUOLI R., MONTECUCCO C.: Low pH activates the vacuolating toxin of Helicobacter pylori, which becomes acid and pepsin resistant. J.Biol.Chem. 270, 23937-23940 (1995).
2. DE BERNARD M., ARICÒ B., PAPINI E., GRANDI G., RIZZUTO R., RAPPUOLI R., MONTECUCCO C.: Helicobacter pylori toxin VacA induces vacuole formation by acting in the cells cytosol. Mol.Microbiol. 26, 665-674 (1997).
3. BLASER M.J.: Helicobacter pylori: microbiology of a "slow" bacterial infection. Trends Microbiol. 1, 255-259 (1993).
4. BRIGHT N.A., REAVES B.J., MULLOCK B.M., Luzio J.P.: Dense core lysosomes can fuse with late endosomes and are re-formed from the resultant hybrid organelles. J.Cell Sci., in press (1997).
5. CATRENICH C.E., CHESTNUT M.H.: Character and origin of vacuoles induced in mammalian cells by the cytotoxin of Helicobacter pylori. J.Med.Microbiol 37, 389-395 (1992).
6. CENSINI S., LANGE C., XIANO Z., CRABTREE J.E., GHIARA P., BORODOVSKY M., RAPPUOLI R., COVACCI A.: Cag, a pathogenicity island of Helicobacter pylori, encodes type I-specific and disease-associated virulence factors Proc.Nat.Acad.Sci.USA 93, 14648-14653 (1996).
7. CHALFIE M., TU Y., EUSKIRCHEN G., WARD W.W., PRASHER D.C.: Green fluorescence protein as a marker for gene expression. Science 263, 802-805 (1994).
8. COVER T.L., BLASER M.J.: Purification and characterization of the vacuolating toxin from Helicobacter pylori. J.Biol.Chem. 267, 10570-10575 (1992).
9. COVER T.L., HANSON P.I., HAUSER J.: Acid-induced dissociation of VacA, the Helicobacter pylori vacuolating cytotoxin, reveals its pattern of assembly. J.Cell.Biol. 138, 759-769 (1997).
10. COVER T.L., REDDY L. Y., BLASER M.J.: Effects of ATPase inhibitors on the response of HeLa to Helicobacter pylori vacuolating toxin. Infect.Immun. 61, 1427-1431 (1993).
11. COVER T.L., TUMMURU M.K.R., CAO P., THOMPSON S.A., BLASER M.J.: Divergence of genetic sequences for the vacuolating cytotoxin among Helicobacter pylori strains. J.Biol.Chem. 269, 10566-10573 (1994).
12. Eurogast Study Group: An international association between Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric cancer. Lancet 341, 1359-1362 (1993).
13. FERNANDEZ-BORJA M., VERWOERD D., SANDERSON F., AERTS H., TROWSDALE J., TULP A., NEEFJES J.: HLA-DM and MHC class II molecules co-distribute with peptidase containing lysosomal sub-compartment. Internat.Immun. 8, 625-640 (1995).
14. VON FIGURA K., HASILIK A.: Lysosomal enzymes and their receptors. Ann.Rev.Biochem. 55, 167-193 (1986).
15. FUERST T.R., NILES E.G., STUDIER F. W., Moss B.: Eukaryotic transient-expression system based on recombinant vaccinia virus that synthesizes bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase. Proc.Nat.Acad.Sci.USA 83, 8122-8126 (1986).
16. GARNER J.A., COVER T.L.: Binding and internalization of the Helicobacter pylori vacuolating cytotoxin by epithelial cells. Infect. Immun. 46, 4197-4203 (1996).
17. GERMAIN R.N.: MHC-dependent antigen processing and peptide presentation: providing ligands for T lymphocyte activation. Cell 76, 287-299 (1994).
18. GHIARA P., MARCHETTI M., BLASER M.J., TUMMURU M.K., COVER T.L., SEGAL E.D., TOMPKINS L.S., RAPPUOLI R.: Role of Helicobacter pylori virulence factors vacuolating cytotoxin, CagA, and urease in a mouse model of disease. Infect.Immun. 63, 4154-4160 (1995).
19. GIESELMAN V., POHLMANN R., HASILIK A., VON FIGURA K.: Biosynthesis and transport of cathepsin D in cultured human fibroblasts. J.Cell Biol. 97, 1-5 (1983).
20. GODA Y., PFEFFER S.: Selective recycling of the mannose 6-phosphate/IGF-II receptor to the trans Golgi network in vitro. Cell 55, 309-320 (1988).
21. GRIFFITHS G.M.: Secretory lysosomes: a special mechanism of regulated secretion in haemepoietic cells. Trends Cell Biol. 6, 329-332 (1996a).
22. GRIFFITHS G.: On vesicles and membrane compartments. Protoplasma 195, 37-58 (1996b).
23. HEIM R., CUBITT A.B., TSIEN R. W.: Improved green fluorescence. Nature 373, 663-664 (1995).
24. KORNFELD S., MELLMAN I.: The biogenesis of lysosomes. Ann.Rev. Cell Biol. 5, 483-525 (1989).
25. LAWRENCE B.P., BROWN W.J.: Autophagic vacuoles rapidly fuse with pre-existing lysosomes in cultured hepatocytes J.Cell.Sci. 102, 515-526 (1982).
26. LEUNK R.D., JOHNSON P.T., DAVID B.C., KRAFT W.G., MORGAN D.R.: Cytotoxin activity in broth-culture filtrates of Campylobacter pylori. J.Med.Microbiol. 26, 93-99 (1988).
27. LUPETTI P., HEUSER J.E., MANETTI R., LANZAVECCHIA S., BELLON P.L., DALLAI R., RAPPUOLI R., TELFORD J.L.: Oligomeric and subunit structure of the Helicobacter pylori vacuolating cytotoxin. J.Cell.Biol. 133, 801-807 (1996).
28. MARCHETTI M., ARICÒ B., BURRONI D., FIGURA N., RAPPUOLI R., GHIARA P.: Development of a mouse model of Helicobacter pylori infection that mimics human disease. Science 267, 1655-1658 (1995).
29. MARSHALL B.J., ARMSTRONG J.A., MCGECHE D.B., GLANCY R.J.: Attempt to fulfil Koch postulates for Campylobacter pylori. Med. J.Aust. 142, 436-439 (1985).
30. MOLINARI M., GALLI C., NORAIS N., TELFORD J.L., RAPPUOLI R., LUZIO J.P., MONTECUCCO C.: Vacuoles induced by Helicobacter pylori toxin contain both late endosomal and lysosomal markers. J.Biol.Chem. 272, 25339-25344 (1997).
31. MOLL G., PAPINI E., COLONNA R., BURRONI D., TELFORD J.L., RAPPUOLI R., MONTECUCCO C.: Lipid interaction of the 37-kDa and 58-kDa fragments of the Helicobacter pylori cytotoxin. Eur.J.Biochem. 234, 947-952 (1995).
32. MONTECUCCO C., PAPINI E., SCHIAVO G.: Bacterial protein toxins penetrate cells via a four-step mechanism. FEBS Lett. 346, 92-98 (1994).
33. 1 inhibits Helicobacter pylori-induced vacuolization of HeLa cells Mol.Microbiol. 7, 323-327 (1993).
34. PAPINI E., DE BERNARD M., MILIA E., BUGNOLI M., ZERIAL M., RAPPUOLI R., MONTECUCCO C.: Cellular vacuoles induced by Helicobacter pylori originate from late endosomal compartments Proc.Nat.Acad.Sci.USA 91, 9720-9724 (1994).
35. PAPINI E., GOTTARDI E., SATIN B., DE BERNARD M., TELFORD J.L., MASSARI P., RAPPUOLI R., SATO S.B., MONTECUCCO C.: The vacuolar ATPase proton pump on intracellular vacuoles induced by Helicobacter pylori. J.Med.Microbiol. 44, 1-6 (1996).
36. PAPINI E., SATIN B., BUCCI C., DE BERNARD M., TELFORD J.L., MANETTI R., RAPPUOLI R., ZERIAL M., MONTECUCCO C.: The small GTP binding protein rab7 is essential for cellular vacuolation induced by Helicobacter pylori cytotoxin. EMBO J. 16, 15-24 (1997).
37. PARSONNET J., HANSEN S., RODRIGUEZ L., GELB A., WARNKE A., JELLUM E., ORENTREICH N., VOGELMAN J., FRIEDMAN G.: Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric lymphoma. New England J.Med. 330, 1267-1271 (1994).
38. PHADNIS S.H., ILVER D., JANZON L., NORMARK S., WESTBLOM T.U.: Essential role of urease in pathogenesis of gastritis induced by Helicobacter pylori in gnotobiotic pigles Infect.Immun. 62, 1557-1565 (1994).
39. REAVES B.J., BRIGHT N.A., MULLOCK B.M., LUZIO J.P.: The effect of wortmannin on the localisation of lysosomal type I integral membrane glycoproteins suggests a role for phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity in regulating membrane traffic late in the endocytic pathway J.Cell Sci. 109, 749-762 (1996).
40. RIEDERER M.A., SOLDATI T., SHAPIRO A.D., LIN J., PFEFFER S.: Lysosome biogenesis requires Rab9 function and receptor recycling from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network. J.Cell Biol. 125, 573-582 (1994).
41. RIJNBOUTT S., STOORVOGEL W., GEUZE H.J., STROUS G.J.: Identification of subcellular compartments involved in biosynthetic processing of cathepsin D. J.Biol.Chem. 267, 15665-15672 (1992).
42. RIZZUTO R., BRINI M., DE GIORGI F., ROSSI R., HEIM R., TSIEN R.Y., POZZAN T.: Double labelling of subcellular structures with organelle-targeted GFP mutants in vivo. Curr.Biol. 6, 183-188 (1996).
43. RIZZUTO R., BRINI M., PIZZO P., MURGIA M., POZZAN T.: Chimeric green fluorescent protein as a tool for visualizing subcellular organelles in living cells Curr.Biol. 5, 635-642 (1995).
44. SATIN B., NORAIS N., TELFORD J., RAPPUOLI R., MURGIA M., MONTECUCCO C., PAPINI E.: Effect of Helicobacetr pylori vacuolating toxin on maturation and extracellular release of procathepsin D and on epidermal growth factor degradation. J.Biol.Chem. 272, in press (1997).
45. SCHMITT W., HAAS R.: Genetic analysis of the Helicobacter pylori cytotoxin: structural similarities with the IgA protease type of exported protein. Mol.Microbiol. 12, 307-319 (1994).
46. TELFORD J.L., GHIARA P., DELL'ORCO M., COMANDUCCI M., BURRONI D., BUGNOLI M., TECCE M.F., CENSINI S., COVACCI A., XIANG Z., PAPINI E., MONTECUCCO C., PARENTE L., RAPPUOLI R.: Purification and characterization of the vacuolating toxin from Helicobacter pylori. J.Exp.Med. 179, 1653-1658 (1994a).
47. TELFORD J.L., COVACCI A., GHIARA P., MONTECUCCO C., RAPPUOLI R.: Unravelling the pathogenic role of Helicobacter pylori in peptic ulcer: potential new therapies and vaccines. Trends Biotechnol 12, 420-426 (1994b).
48. TROWBRIDGE I.S., COLLAWN J.F., HOPKINS C.R.: Signal-dependent membrane protein trafficking in the endocytic pathway. Ann.Rev. Cell Biol. 9, 129-162 (1994).
49. WARREN J.R., MARSHALL B.J.: Unidentified curved bacilli on gastric epithelium active chronic gastritis. Lancet i, 1273-1275 (1983).
50. WATTS C.: Inside the gearbox of the dendritic cell. Nature 388, 724-725 (1997).
51. XIANG Z., CENSINI S., BAYELI P.F., TELFORD J.L., FIGURA N., RAPPUOLI R., COVACCI A.: Analysis of expression of CagA and VacA virulence factors in 43 strains of H. pylori reveals that clinical isolates can be divided into two major types and that CagA is not necessary for expression of the vacuolating cytotoxin. Infect.Immun. 63, 94-98 (1995).