Emerging approaches in the prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases

International Journal of Clinical Practice, Supplement

Volumn , Issue 94, 1998, Pages 7-19

  Lonn, Eva M ^a   Yusuf, Salim ^a  

^a HAMILTON GENERAL HOSPITAL   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALPHA TOCOPHEROL; ANTICOAGULANT AGENT; ANTIOXIDANT; ASCORBIC ACID; BETA CAROTENE; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; ESTROGEN; FOLIC ACID; HOMOCYSTEINE; HOMOCYSTINE; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; OXIDIZED LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; VITAMIN;

ADULT; AGED; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONFERENCE PAPER; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; GENE THERAPY; HEART INFARCTION; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NORMAL HUMAN; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; RENIN ANGIOTENSIN ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM; COHORT ANALYSIS; CORONARY ARTERY ATHEROSCLEROSIS; MIDDLE AGED; OXIDATIVE STRESS; REVIEW;

ADULT; AGED; ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS; ASCORBIC ACID; BETA CAROTENE; COHORT STUDIES; CORONARY ARTERIOSCLEROSIS; FEMALE; HOMOCYSTEINE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; OXIDATIVE STRESS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS; VITAMIN E;

EID: 0031593561     PISSN: 1368504X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (54)

1. Goldman L, Cook EF. The decline in ischemic heart disease mortality rates: An analysis of the comparative effects of medical interventions and changes in lifestyle. Ann Intern Med 1984;101:825-836.
2. Gordon T, Garcia-Palmieri MR, Kagan A, Kannel WB, Schiffman J. Differences in coronary heart disease in Framingham, Honolulu and Puerto Rico. J Chron Dis 1974;27:329-344.
3. Verschuren WMM, Jacobs DR, Bloemberg BPM, et al. Serum total cholesterol and long-term coronary heart disease mortality in different cultures: Twenty-five-year follow-up of the Seven Countries Study. JAMA 1995;274:131-136.
4. Kannel WB, Castelli WR Gordon T. Cholesterol in the prediction of atherosclerotic disease. New perspectives based on the Framingham Study. Ann Intern Med 1979;90:85-91.
5. Rogers A, MacMahon S, Gamble G, et al. Blood pressure and risk of stroke in patients with cerebrovascular disease. BMJ 1996;313:147.
6. Steinberg D. Antioxidants in the prevention of human atherosclerosis. Summary of the proceedings of a National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute workshop: September 5-6, 1991, Bethesda, Maryland. Circulation 1992;85:2338-2343.
7. Berliner JA, Navab M, Fogelman AM, et al. Atherosclerosis: Basic mechanisms. Oxidation, inflammation and genetics. Circulation 1995;91:2488-2496.
8. Rimm EB, Ascherio A, Giovannucci E, et al. Vegetable, fruit, and cereal fiber intake and risk of coronary heart disease among men. JAMA 1996;275:447-451.
9. Hertog MG, Feskens EJ, Holman PC, Katan MB, Kromhout D. Dietary antioxidant flavonoids and risk of coronary heart disease: The Zutphen Elderly Study. Lancet 1993;342:1007-1011.
10. Gey KF, Puska P, Jordan P, Moser UK. Inverse correlation between plasma vitamin E and mortality from ischemic heart disease in cross-cultural epidemiology. Am J Clin Nutr 1991;53:326S-334S.
11. Jha P, Flather M, Lonn E, Farkouh M, Yusuf S. The antioxidant vitamins (E,C and beta-carotene) and cardiovascular disease: A critical summary of epidemiological and clinical trial data. Ann Intern Med 1995;123: 860-872.
12. Stampfer MJ, Hennekens CH, Manson JE, et al. Vitamin E consumption and the risk of coronary disease in women. N Engl J Med 1993;328:1444-1449.
13. Kushi LH, Fulsom AR, Prineas RJ, et al. Dietary antioxidant vitamins and death from coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women. N Engl J Med 1996; 334:1156-1162.
14. Rimm EB, Stampfer MJ, Ascherio A, et al. Vitamin E consumption and the risk of coronary heart disease in men. N Engl J Med 1993;328:1450-1456.
15. Knekt P, Reunanen A, Jarvinen R, et al. Antioxidant vitamin intake and coronary mortality in a longitudinal population study. Am J Epidemiol 1994;139:1180-1190.
16. Gey KF, Moser UK, Jordan P, et al. Increased risk of cardiovascular disease at suboptimal plasma concentrations of essential antioxidants: An epidemiological update with special attention to carotene and vitamin C. Am J Clin Nutr 1993;57(5 suppl):787S-797S.
17. Morris DI, Kritchevsky SB, Davis CE. Serum carotenoids and coronary heart disease: The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial and Follow-up Study. JAMA 1994;272:1439-1441.
18. Greenberg ER, Baron JA, Karagas MR, et al. Mortality associated with low plasma concentration of beta-carotene and the effect of oral supplementation. JAMA 1996;275: 699-703.
19. Enstrorn JE, Kanim LE, Klein MA. Vitamin C intake and mortality among a sample of the United States population. Epidemiology 1992;3:194-202.
20. Hodil HN, Mack WJ, Labree JL, et al. Serial coronary angiographic evidence that antioxidant vitamin intake reduces progression of coronary artery atherosclerosis. JAMA 1995;273:1849-1854.
21. DeMaio SJ, King SB III, Lembo NJ, et al. Vitamin E supplementation, plasma lipids and incidence of restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). J Am Coll Nutr 1992;11:68-73.
22. The Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta Carotene Cancer Prevention Study Group. The effect of vitamin E and beta carotene on the incidence of lung cancer and other cancers in male smokers. N Engl J Med 1994;330:1029-1035.
23. Rapola JM, Virtamo J, Haukka JK, et al. Effect of vitamin E and beta carotene on the incidence of angina pectoris: A randomised, double-bund, controlled trial. JAMA 1996;275:693-698.
24. Blot WJ, Li JY, Taylor PR, et al. Nutrition intervention trials in Linxian, China: Supplementation with specific vitamin/mineral combinations, cancer incidence, and disease-specific mortality in the general population. J Natl Cancer Inst 1993;85:1483-1492.
25. Stephens NG, Parsons A, Schofield PM, et al. Randomised controlled trial of vitamin E in patients with coronary disease: Cambridge Heart Antioxidant Study (CHAOS). Lancet 1996;347:781-786.
26. Omenn GS, Goodman GE, Thornquist MD, et al. Effects of a combination of beta carotene and vitamin A on lung cancer and cardiovascular disease. N Engd J Med 1996;334:1150-1155.
27. Hennekens CH, Buring JE, Manson JE, et al Lack of effect of long-term supplementation with beta carotene on the incidence of malignant neoplasms and cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med 1996;334:1145-1149.
28. Wilson TS, Datta SB, Murrell JS, Andrews CT. Relation of vitamin C levels to mortality in a geriatric hospital: A study of the effect of vitamin C administration. Age Ageing 1973;2:163-171.
29. Walldius G, Erikson U, Olsson AG, et al. The effect of probucol on femoral atherosclerosis: the Probucol Quantitative Regression Swedish Trial (PQRST). Am J Cardiol 994;74:875-883.
30. Lonn EM, Yusuf S, Prabhat J, et al. Emerging role of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in cardiac and vascular protection. Circulation 1994;90:2056-2069.
31. Mancini GBJ, Henry GC, Macaya C, et al. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition with quinapril improves endothelial vasomotor dysfunction in patients with coronary artery disease. The TREND (Trial on Reversing ENdothelial Dysfunction) study. Circulation 1996;94:258-265.
32. Wright RA, Flapan AD, Alberti KG, et al. Effects of captopril therapy on endogenous fibrinoylsis in men with recent uncomplicated myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 1994;24:67-73.
33. Alderman MH, Madhavan SH, Ooi WL, et al. Association of the renin-sodium profile with the risk of myocardial infarction in patients with hypertension. N Engl J Med 1991;324:1098-1104.
34. Meade TW, Cooper JA, Peart WS. Plasma renin activity and ischemic heart disease. N Engl J Med 1993;329:616-619.
35. Cambien F, Poirier O, Lecerf L, et al. Deletion polymorphism in angiotensin-converting enzyme gene associated with parental history of myocardial infarction. Nature 1992;359:641-644.
36. Samani NJ, Thompson JR, O'Toole L, et al. A meta-analysis of the association of the deletion allele of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene with myocardial infarction. Circulation 1996;94:708-712.
37. Yusuf S, Pepine CJ, Garces C, et al. Effect of enalapril on myocardial infarction and unstable angina in patients with low ejection fractions. Lancet 1992;340:1173-1178.
38. Rutherford JD, Pfeffer MA, Moye LA, et al on behalf of the SAVE investigators. Effects of captopril on ischemic events after myocardial infarction: Results of the Survival and Ventricular Enlargement trial. Circulation 1994;90:1731-1738.
39. The Acute Infarction Ramipril Efficacy (AIRE) Study Investigators. Effect of ramipril on mortality and morbidity of survivors of acute myocardial infarction with clinical evidence of heart failure. Lancet 1993;342:821-828.
40. Torp-Pedersen C, Kober L, Carlsen J. Angio-converting enzyme inhibition after myocardial infarction: The Trandolapril Cardiac Evaluation Study. Am Heart J 1996;132(suppl 2):235-243.
41. McCully KS, Wilson RB. Homocysteine theory of arteriosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 1975;22:215-227.
42. Ueland PM, Refsum H, Brattstrom L. Plasma homocysteine and cardiovascular disease, in: Francis RB, (ed.) Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease, Hemostasis and Endothelial Function New York, Marcel Dekker, 1992; 183-235.
43. Tawakol A, Omland T, Gerhard M, Wu JT, et al. Hyperhomocyst(e)inemia is associated with impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation in humans. Circulation 1997;95:1119-1121.
44. Tsai JC, Perella MA, Yoshizumi M, et al. Promotion of vascular smooth muscle growth by homocysteine: A link to atherosclerosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1994;91: 6369-6373.
45. Frascher G, Karnaukhova E, Muehl A, et al. Oral administration of homocysteine leads to increased plasma triglycerides and homocysteic acid-additional mechanisms in homocysteine induced endothelial damage? Life Sciences 1995;57:813-817.
46. Mayer EL, Jacobson DW, Robinson K. Homocysteine and coronary atherosclerosis. J Am Coll Cardiol 1996; 27:517-527.
47. Nygard O, Vollset SE, Refsum H, et al. Total plasma homocysteine and cardiovascular risk profile. JAMA 1995;274:1526-1533.
48. Selhub J, Jacques PF, Bostom AG, et al. Association between plasma homocysteine concentrations and extracranial carotid-artery stenosis. N Engl J Med 1995; 332:286-291.
49. Malinow MR, Nieto FJ, Szklo M, Chambless LE, Bond G. Carotid artery intimal-medial wall thickening and plasma homocyst(e)ine in asymptomatic adults. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Circulation 1993; 87:1107-1113.
50. Boushey CJ, Beresford SAA, Omenn GS, Motulsky AG. A quantitative assessment of plasma homocysteine as a risk factor for vascular disease: Probable benefits of increasing folic acid intakes. JAMA 1995;274:1049-1057.
51. Den Heijer M, Koster T, Blom HJ, et al. Hyperhomocysteinemia as a risk factor for deep-vein thrombosis. N Engl J Med 1996;334:759-762.
52. Stampfer MJ, Malinow MR, Willett WC, et al. A prospective study of plasma homocyst(e)ine and risk of myocardial infarction in U.S. physicians. JAMA 1992; 268:877-881.
53. 6 and risk of myocardial infarction in U.S. physicians. J Am Coll Nutr 1996;15:136-143.
54. Verhoef P, Hennekens CH, Allen RH, et al. Plasma total homocysteine and risk of angina pectoris with subsequent coronary artery bypass surgery. Am J Cardiol 1997;79:799-801.