Contribution of CpG Motifs to the Immunogenicity of DNA Vaccines

Journal of Immunology

Volumn 158, Issue 8, 1997, Pages 3635-3639

  Klinman, Dennis M ^a   Yamshchikov, Galina ^a   Ishigatsubo, Yoshiaki ^b  

^a CENTER FOR BIOLOGICS EVALUATION AND RESEARCH   (United States)

^b YOKOHAMA CITY UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BACTERIAL DNA; DNA VACCINE;

ARTICLE; CPG ISLAND; IMMUNOLOGY; PLASMID;

CPG ISLANDS; DNA, BACTERIAL; PLASMIDS; VACCINES, DNA;

EID: 0031569601     PISSN: 00221767     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Ulmer, J. B., J. J. Donnelly, S. E. Parker, G. H. Rhodes, P. L. Felgner, V. J. Dwarki, S. H. Gromkoski, R. R. Deck, C. M. DeWitt, and A. Friedman. 1993. Heterologous protection against influenza by injection of DNA encoding a viral protein [see comments]. Science 259:1745.
2. Sedegah, M., R. Hedstrom, P. Hobart, and S. L. Hoffman. 1994. Protection against malaria by immunization with plasmid DNA encoding circumsporozoite protein. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:9866.
3. Cox, G. J., T. J. Zamb, and L. A. Babiuk. 1993. Bovine herpesvirus 1: immune responses in mice and cattle injected with plasmid DNA. J. Virol. 67:5664.
4. Wang, B., K. E. Ugen, V. Srikantan, M. G. Agadjanyan, K. Dang, Y. Refaeli, A. Sato, J. Boyer, W. V. Williams, and D. B. Weiner. 1993. Gene inoculation generates immune responses against human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:4156.
5. Wolff, J. A., R. W. Malone, P. Williams, W. Chong, G. Ascadi, A. Jani, and P. L. Felgner. 1990. Direct gene transfer into mouse muscle in vivo. Science 247:1465.
6. Manthorpe, M., J. F. Cornefert, J. Hartikka, J. Feigner, A. Rundell, M. Margalith, and V. Dwarki. 1993. Gene therapy by intramuscular injection of plasmid DNA: studies on firefly luciferase gene expression in mice. Hum. Gene Ther. 4:419.
7. Sato, Y., M. Roman, H. Tighe, D. Lee, M. Corr, M. Nguyen, D. A. Carson, and E. Raz. 1996. Non-coding bacterial DNA sequences necessary for effective intradermal gene immunization. Science 273:351.
8. Yamamoto, S., T. Yamamoto, S. Shimada, E. Kuramoto, O. Yano, T. Kataoka, and T. Tokunaga. 1992. DNA from bacteria, but not vertebrates, induces interferons, activated NK cells and inhibits tumor growth. Microbiol. Immunol. 36: 983.
9. Pisetsky, D. S., C. Reich, S. D. Crowley, and M. D. Halpern. 1995. Immunological properties of bacterial DNA. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 772:152.
10. Krieg, A. M., A. Yi, S. Matson, T. J. Waldschmidt, G. A. Bishop, R. Teasdale, G. A. Koretzky, and D. M. Klinman. 1995. CpG motifs in bacterial DNA trigger direct B-cell activation. Nature 374:546.
11. Halpern, M. D., R. J. Kurlander, and D. S. Pisetsky. 1996. Bacterial DNA induces murine interferon-gamma production by stimulation of IL-12 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Cell. Immunol. 167:72.
12. Klinman, D. M., A. Yi, S. L. Beaucage, J. Conover, and A. M. Krieg. 1996. CpG motifs expressed by bacterial DNA rapidly induce lymphocytes to secrete IL-6, IL-12 and IFN-γ. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93:2879.
13. Cardon, L. R., C. Burge, D. A. Clayton, and S. Karlin. 1994. Pervasive CpG suppression in animal mitochondrial genomes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91: 3799.
14. Razin, A., and J. Friedman. 1981. DNA methylation and its possible biological roles. Prog. Nucleic Acids Res. Mol. Biol. 25:33.
15. Murray, H. W. 1990. Gamma interferon, cytokine-induced macrophage activation and anti-microbial host defense: in vitro, in animal models and in humans. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 13:411.
16. Trinchieri, G. 1994. IL-12: a cytokine produced by antigen-presenting cells with immunoregulatory functions in the generation of T-helper cells type 1 and cytotoxic lymphocytes. Blood 84:4008.
17. Zhan, Y., and C. Cheers. 1995. Endogenous IL-12 is involved in resistance to Brucella abortus infection. Infect. Immun. 63:1387.
18. Muraguchi, A., T. Hirano, B. Tang, T. Matsuda, Y. Horii, K. Nakajima, and T. Kishimoto. 1988. The essential role of B cell stimulatory factor 2 (BSF-2/IL-6) for the terminal differentiation of B cells. J. Exp. Med. 167:332.
19. Hirano, T., S. Akira, T. Taga, and T. Kishimoto. 1990. Biological and clinical aspects of IL-6. Immunol. Today 11:443.
20. Okuda, K., H. Bukawa, K. Hamajima, S. Kawamoto, K. Sekigawa, Y. Yamada, S. Tanaka, N. Ishi, I. Aoki, and M. Nakamura. 1995. Induction of potent humoral and cell-mediated immune responses following direct injection of DNA encoding the HIV type 1 env and rev gene products. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 11:933.
21. Sambrook, J., E. F. Fritsch, and T. Maniatis. 1989. Analysis and cloning of eukaryotic genomic DNA. In Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, 2nd Ed. J. Sambrook, E. F. Fritsch, and T. Maniatis, eds. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, p. 1.
22. Nur, I., M. Szyf, A. Razin, G. Glaser, S. Rottem, and S. Razin. 1985. Procaryotic and eucaryotic traits of DNA methylationin spiroplasmas (mycoplasmas). J. Bacteriol. 164:19.
23. Klinman, D. M., and T. B. Nutman. 1994. ELIspot assay to detect cytokine-secreting murine and human cells. In Current Protocols in Immunology, 7th Ed. J. E. Coligan, A. M. Kruisbeek, D. H. Margulies, E. M. Shevach, and W. Strober, eds. Greene Publishing Associates, Brooklyn, NY, pp. 6.19.1-6.19.8.
24. Mor, G., D. M. Klinman, S. Shapiro, E. Hagiwara, M. Sedegah, J. A. Norman, S. L. Hoffman, and A. D. Steinberg. 1995. Complexity of the cytokine and antibody response elicited by immunizing mice with Plasmodium yoelii circumsporozoite protein plasmid DNA. J. Immunol. 155:2039.
25. Hug, M., J. Silke, O. Georgiev, S. Rusconi, W. Schaffner, and K. Matsuo. 1996. Transcriptional repression by methylation: cooperativity between a CpG cluster in the promoter and remote CpG-rich regions. FEBS Lett. 379:251.
26. Sarzotti, M., T. A. Dean, M. P. Remington, C. D. Ly, P. A. Furth, and D. S. Robbins. 1996. Induction of CTL responses in newborn mice by DNA immunization. Nucleic Acids Vaccines Abstr. (Abstr. 28).
27. Katsumi, A., N. Emi, A. Abe, Y. Hasegawa, M. Ito, and H. Saito. 1994. Humoral and cellular immunity to an encoded protein induced by direct DNA injection. Hum. Gene Ther. 5:1335.
28. Kishimoto, T., and T. Hirano. 1988. Molecular regulation of B lymphocyte response. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 6:485.
29. Van Damme, J., G. Opdenakker, R. J. Simpson, M. R. Rubira, S. Cayphas, A. Vink, A. Billiau, and J. Van Snick. 1987. Identification of the human 26-kD protein, IFN-B2, as a B cell hybridoma/plasmacytorna growth factor induced by IL-1 and tumor necrosis factor. J. Exp. Med. 165:914.
30. Shirai, A., K. Holmes, and D. M. Klinman. 1993. Detection and quantitation of cells secreting IL-6 under physiological conditions in BALB/c mice. J. Immunol. 150:793.
31. Shirai, A., V. Sierra, C. I. Kelly, and D. M. Klinman. 1994. Individual cells simultaneously produce both IL-4 and IL-6 under physiologic conditions in vivo. Cytokine 6:329.
32. Klinman, D. M., B. F. Haynes, and J. Conover. 1995. Activation of IL-4 and IL-6 secreting cells by HIV-specific peptides. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 11:97.
33. Fearon, D. T., and R. M. Locksley. 1996. The instructive role of innate immunity in the acquired immune response. Science 272:50.
34. Parker, S. E., S. Khatibi, M. Magalith, D. Anderson, M. Yankauckas, S. H. Gromkowski, T. Latimer, D. Lew, M. Marquet, M. Manthorpe, P. Hobart, E. Hersh, A. T. Stopeck, and J. Norman. 1996. Plasmid DNA gene therapy: studies with the human IL-2 gene in tumor cells in vitro and in the murine B16 melanoma model in vivo. Cancer Gene Ther. 3:175.