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84920293543
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A. Miller, D. Wood, M. Choi, L. B. Rothman-Denes, unpublished data.
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5
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84920293542
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-
note
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128 was substituted with Ala; in Δ264-265;S260A, residues 264 and 265 were deleted and Ser (S) at position 260 was substituted with Ala; and in K264A;K265A, residues Lys (K) at positions 264 and 265 were substituted with Ala.
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
84920293541
-
-
note
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3H]thymidine incorporation), before or after induction with isopropyl-thio-β-D-galactoside (IPTG) (1, 3). The ability of N4SSB and its derivatives to activate transcription in vitro was measured in run-off transcription experiments with an 800-base pair (bp) DNA fragment containing the N4 late promoter R (which uses three start sites), RNAP, and increasing amounts of N4SSB (7). The ssDNA binding was assayed in electrophoretic mobility shift experiments (3). N4SSB and its derivatives were purified as in (7).
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7
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8
-
-
84920293540
-
-
note
-
2-terminus of the a subunit.
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9
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0027214148
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M. Kashlev, E. Martin, K. Severinov, V. Nikiforov, A. Goldfarb, Gene 130, 9 (1993); H. Tang, K. Severinov, A. Goldfarb, R. H. Ebright, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92, 4902 (1995).
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14
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84920293539
-
-
note
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620) of 0.4 and infected with wild-type N4 phage at a multiplicity of infection of 10. After 40 min, total RNA was harvested and tested for the presence of the N4 late promoter R and rrnB P1 transcripts by primer extension (1, 19).
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15
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20
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84920293538
-
-
note
-
125I-AET), photo cross-linking, cleavage after photo cross-linking, and radiolabel transfer were performed as in (15, 16). Reaction mixtures for photo cross-linking contained 250 nM N4SSB derivative and 125 nM RNAP (Epicentre Biotechnologies, Madison, WI). Control experiments with wild-type N4SSB with the cross-linking agent incorporated at C84 and C86 yielded no N4SSB-RNAP cross-linking.
-
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21
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0024687595
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54-RNAP activate transcription in the absence of DNA binding; however, their function at physiological concentrations requires DNA binding [E. Huala and S. M. Ausubel, J. Bacteriol. 171, 3354 (1989); D. K. Berger, S. Naberhaus, S. Kustu, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91, 103 (1994); A. North and S. Kustu, J. Mol. Biol., in press].
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54-RNAP activate transcription in the absence of DNA binding; however, their function at physiological concentrations requires DNA binding [E. Huala and S. M. Ausubel, J. Bacteriol. 171, 3354 (1989); D. K. Berger, S. Naberhaus, S. Kustu, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91, 103 (1994); A. North and S. Kustu, J. Mol. Biol., in press].
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84920293537
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in press
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54-RNAP activate transcription in the absence of DNA binding; however, their function at physiological concentrations requires DNA binding [E. Huala and S. M. Ausubel, J. Bacteriol. 171, 3354 (1989); D. K. Berger, S. Naberhaus, S. Kustu, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91, 103 (1994); A. North and S. Kustu, J. Mol. Biol., in press].
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84920293535
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note
-
We thank R. Calendar, R. Landick, and W. Ross for strains and protein samples, G. Greene for facilities, and D. Gottschling, J. Greenblatt, G. Gussin, A. Hochschild, R. Landick, J. Lis, and R. Young for discussions. Supported by NIH grants GM35170 and GM54431 (to L.B.R.-D.) and GM41376 (to R.H.E.). A.M. was partially supported by USPHS grant 5T32 GM 07183.
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