New methods of imaging surfaces (and buried interfaces)

Journal of Electron Microscopy

Volumn 46, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 207-214

  Marks, L D ^a   Bengu, E ^a   Gilmore, C J ^b  

^a Northwestern University   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Atomic level; Structure; Surfaces

Indexed keywords

ATOMIC LEVELS; BURIED INTERFACE; CURRENT LIMITATION; SURFACE INTERFACES;

EID: 0030860820     PISSN: 00220744     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jmicro.a023510     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Van Hove M A, Moritz W, Over H, Rous P J, Wander A, Barbieri A, Materer N, Starke U, and Somorjai G A (1993) Atomic determination of complex surface structures by LEED. Surf. Sci. Rep. 19: 191.
2. Dornisch D, Moritz W, Schulz H, Feidenhans'l R, Nielsen M, Grey F, and Johnson R L (1992) Au/Si(111): analysis of the (root-3×root-3) R30° and 6×6 structures by in-plane diffraction. Phys. Rev. B 44: 11221.
3. Kuwahara Y, Natani S, Takahsi M, Aono M, and Takahashi T (1994) X-ray-diffraction study of Si(111) root-3×-root-3-Au. Surf. Sci. 310: 226.
4. Takayanagi K, Tanishiro Y, Takahashi S, and Takahashi M (1985) Structure analysis of Si(111)-7×7 reconstructed surface by transmission electron diffraction. Surf. Sci. 164: 367.
5. Marks L D, Xu P, and Dunn D N (1993) UHV transmission electron microscopy of Ir(001). Surf. Sci. 294: 322.
6. Jayaram G, Xu P, and Marks L D (1993) Structure of Si(100)-(2×1) surface using UHV transmission electron diffraction. Phys. Rev. Letts. 71: 3489.
7. Twesten R D and Gibson J M (1994) Kinematic analysis of transmission electron diffraction data from Si(111)-7×7. Ultramicroscopy 53: 223.
8. Jayaram G, Plass R, and Marks L D (1995) UHV-HREM and diffraction of surfaces. Interface Sci. 2: 381.
9. Plass R and Marks L D (1995) UHV transmission electron microscopy structure determination of the Si(111)-(root-3×-root-3)R30° Au surface. Surf. Sci. 342: 233.
10. Marks L D and Plass R (1995) Atomic structure of Si(111)-(5×2)-Au from high resolution electron microscopy and heavy-atom holography. Phys. Rev. Letts. 75: 2172.
11. Saldin D K, Harp G R, Chen B L, and Tonner B P (1991) Theoretical principles of holographic crystallography. Phys. Rev. B 44: 2480.
12. Fadley C S (1993) Diffraction and holography with photoelectrons and auger electrons- some new directions. Surf. Sci. Rep. 19: 231.
13. Gibson J M, Gossman H J, Bean J C, Tung R T, and Feldman L C (1986) Preservation of a 7×7 periodicity at a buried amorphous-Si/ Si(111) interface. Phys. Rev. Lett. 56: 355.
14. Loretto D, Gibson J M, and Yalisove S (1989) Evidence for a dimer reconstruction at a metal-silicon interface. Phys. Rev. Lett. 63: 298.
15. Marks L D and Smith D J (1983) Direct surface imaging in small metal particles. Nature 303: 316.
16. Marks L D (1983) Direct imaging of carbon-covered and clean gold (110) surfaces. Phys. Rev. Lett. 51: 1000.
17. Xu P and L D Marks (1992) Intensities of surface diffraction spots in plan view. Ultramicroscopy 45: 155.
18. Marks L D (1992) Registry and UHV transmission electron diffraction of surfaces. Ultramicroscopy 45: 145.
19. Xu P, Jayaram G, and Marks L D (1994) Cross-correlation method for intensity measurement of transmission electron-diffraction patterns. Ultramicroscopy 53: 15.
20. Cherns D (1974) Direct resolution of surface atomic steps by transmission electron microscopy. Phil. Mag. 30: 549.
21. Yagi K, Yamana A, Sato H, Shima M, Ohse H, Ozawa S, and Tanashiro Y (1991) UHV-TEM-REM studies of Si(111) surfaces. Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. 106: 303.
22. Nihoul G, Abdelmoula K, and Metois J J (1984) High resolution images of a reconstructed surface structure on (111) gold platelets-interpretation and comparison with theoretical models. Ultramicroscopy 12: 353.
23. Ikarashi N, Kobayashi K, Koike H, Hasegawa H, and Yagi K (1988) Profile and plan-view imaging of reconstructed surface structures of gold. Ultramicroscopy 26: 195.
24. Xu P, Dunn D, Zhang J P, and Marks L D (1993) Atomic imaging of a surface in plan view. Surf. Sci. Letts 285: L479.
25. Haga Y and Takayanagi K (1992) Single atom imaging in high-resolution UHV electron microscopy - Bi on Si(111) surface. Ultramicroscopy 45: 95.
26. Marks L D (1996) Wiener-filter Enhancement of Noisy HREM Images. Ultramicroscopy 62: 43.
27. Andrews H C and Hunt B R (1977) Digital Image Restoration. (Prentice-Hall, New Jersey.)
28. Bengu E, Plass R, Marks L D, Ichihashi T, Ajayan P M, and Iijima S (1996) Imaging the dimers in Si(III) 7×7. Phys. Rev. Lett. 77: 4226.
29. Woolfson M M (1961) Direct Methods in Crystallography. (Clarendon Press, Oxford.)
30. Sayre D ed. (1982) Computational Crystallography. (Clarendon Press, Oxford.)
31. Woolfson M M (1987) Direct methods - from birth to maturity. Acta Cryst. A 43: 593.
32. Schenk H ed. (1991) Direct Methods of Solving Crystal Structures. (Plenum, New York and London.)
33. Shmueli U and Weiss G H (1995) Introduction to Crystallographic Statistics. (International Union of Crystallography, Oxford University Press, New York.)
34. Woolfson M and Hai-fu F (1995) Physical and Non-Physical Methods of Solving Crystal Structures. (Cambridge University Press, New York.)
35. Dorset D L (1995) Structural Electron Crystallography. (Plenum, New York.)
36. Gilmore C J (1996) Maximum-entropy and bayesian statistics in crystallography - a review of practical applications. Acta Cryst. A 52: 561.
37. Dorset D L (1996) Electron crystallography. Acta Cryst. B 52: 753.
38. Marks L D, Plass R, and Dorset D L (1997) New approaches to imaging surface at the atomic scale. Surf. Rev. Lett., in press.
39. Collazo-Davila C, Marks L D, Nishii K, and Tanishiro Y (1997) atomic structure of the in on Si(111) 4×1 structure. Surf. Rev. Lett., in press.
40. Gilmore C J, Marks L D, Grozea D, Collazo-Davila C, Landree E, and Twesten R D Direct solutions to the Si(111) 7×7 structure. Submitted to Surf. Sci.
41. Wilson A J C (1942) Determination of absolute from relative X-ray intensity data. Nature 150: 151.
42. Hong H, Aburano R D, Lin D-S, Chen H, and Chiang T-C (1992) X-Ray scattering study of Ag/Si(111) buried interface structures. Phys. Rev. Lett. 68: 507.
43. Lucas C A and Loretto D (1995) Atomic structures at the buried Pb/ Si(111) interface. Surf. Sci. 344: L1219.