메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 9, Issue 4, 1997, Pages 362-369

Effect of estrogens on bone and other systems and hormonal substitute treatment

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CYTOKINE; ESTROGEN; ESTROGEN RECEPTOR; HORMONE; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR;

EID: 0030797695     PISSN: 10408711     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00002281-199707000-00015     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (7)

References (82)
  • 2
    • 0024387220 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition by 17β-estradiol of PTH stimulated resorption and prostaglandin production in cultured neonatal mouse calvariae
    • Pilbeam CC, Klein-Nulend J, Raisz LG: Inhibition by 17β-estradiol of PTH stimulated resorption and prostaglandin production in cultured neonatal mouse calvariae. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1989, 163:1319-1324.
    • (1989) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.163 , pp. 1319-1324
    • Pilbeam, C.C.1    Klein-Nulend, J.2    Raisz, L.G.3
  • 3
    • 0024500187 scopus 로고
    • Direct modulation by estradiol of the response of human bone cells (SaOS-2) to human parathyroid hormone (PTH) and PTH-related peptide
    • Fukayam S, Tashjian AH: Direct modulation by estradiol of the response of human bone cells (SaOS-2) to human parathyroid hormone (PTH) and PTH-related peptide. Endocrinology 1989, 124:397-401.
    • (1989) Endocrinology , vol.124 , pp. 397-401
    • Fukayam, S.1    Tashjian, A.H.2
  • 4
    • 0027093580 scopus 로고
    • Estrogen receptors and biologic response in rat parathyroid tissue and C cells
    • Navey-Many T, Almogi G, Livni N, Silver J: Estrogen receptors and biologic response in rat parathyroid tissue and C cells. J Clin Invest 1992, 90:2434-2438.
    • (1992) J Clin Invest , vol.90 , pp. 2434-2438
    • Navey-Many, T.1    Almogi, G.2    Livni, N.3    Silver, J.4
  • 5
    • 0025885751 scopus 로고
    • Estrogens and progestins in the management of primary hyperparathyroidism
    • Marcus R: Estrogens and progestins in the management of primary hyperparathyroidism. J Bone Miner Res 1991, 6:S125-S129.
    • (1991) J Bone Miner Res , vol.6
    • Marcus, R.1
  • 6
    • 0028841891 scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of renal calcium conservation with estrogen replacement therapy in women in early postmenopause: A clinical research center study
    • McKane WR, Khosla S, Burrit MF, Kao PC, Wilson DM, Ory SJ, Riggs BL: Mechanism of renal calcium conservation with estrogen replacement therapy in women in early postmenopause: a clinical research center study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995, 80:3458-3464.
    • (1995) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.80 , pp. 3458-3464
    • McKane, W.R.1    Khosla, S.2    Burrit, M.F.3    Kao, P.C.4    Wilson, D.M.5    Ory, S.J.6    Riggs, B.L.7
  • 8
    • 0028818220 scopus 로고
    • 17 beta-estradiol increases the receptor number and modulates the action of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3 in human osteosarcoma-derived osteoblast-like cells
    • Ishibe M, Nojima T, Ishibashi T, Koda T, Kaneda K, Rosier RN, Puzas JE: 17 beta-estradiol increases the receptor number and modulates the action of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3 in human osteosarcoma-derived osteoblast-like cells. Calcif Tissue Int 1995, 57:430-435.
    • (1995) Calcif Tissue Int , vol.57 , pp. 430-435
    • Ishibe, M.1    Nojima, T.2    Ishibashi, T.3    Koda, T.4    Kaneda, K.5    Rosier, R.N.6    Puzas, J.E.7
  • 11
    • 0027429548 scopus 로고
    • Alteration of reproductive function but not prenatal sexual development after insertional disruption of the mouse estrogen receptor gene
    • Lubahn DB, Moyer JS, Golding TS, Couse JF, Korach KS, Smithies O: Alteration of reproductive function but not prenatal sexual development after insertional disruption of the mouse estrogen receptor gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1993, 90:1162-1166.
    • (1993) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.90 , pp. 1162-1166
    • Lubahn, D.B.1    Moyer, J.S.2    Golding, T.S.3    Couse, J.F.4    Korach, K.S.5    Smithies, O.6
  • 13
    • 0028838586 scopus 로고
    • Demonstration of isoforms of the estrogen receptor in the bone tissues and in osteoblastic cells
    • Hoshino S, Inoue S, Hosoi T, Saito T, Ikegami M, Ouchi Y, Orimo H: Demonstration of isoforms of the estrogen receptor in the bone tissues and in osteoblastic cells. Calcif Tissue Int 1995, 57:466-468.
    • (1995) Calcif Tissue Int , vol.57 , pp. 466-468
    • Hoshino, S.1    Inoue, S.2    Hosoi, T.3    Saito, T.4    Ikegami, M.5    Ouchi, Y.6    Orimo, H.7
  • 15
    • 0028874684 scopus 로고
    • Progesterone receptors are expressed in human osteoblast-like cell lines and in primary human osteoblast cultures
    • MacNamara P, Oshaughnessy C, Manduca P, Loughrey HC: Progesterone receptors are expressed in human osteoblast-like cell lines and in primary human osteoblast cultures. Calcif Tissue Int 1995, 57:436-441.
    • (1995) Calcif Tissue Int , vol.57 , pp. 436-441
    • MacNamara, P.1    Oshaughnessy, C.2    Manduca, P.3    Loughrey, H.C.4
  • 18
    • 0023095815 scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factors α and β induce osteoblastic cells to stimulate osteoclastic bone resorption
    • Thomson BM, Mundy GR, Chambers TJ: Tumor necrosis factors α and β induce osteoblastic cells to stimulate osteoclastic bone resorption. J Immunol 1987, 138:775-779.
    • (1987) J Immunol , vol.138 , pp. 775-779
    • Thomson, B.M.1    Mundy, G.R.2    Chambers, T.J.3
  • 19
    • 0024602819 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor stimulate the formation of human osteoclast-like cells in vitro
    • Pfeilschifter J, Chenu P, Bird A, Mundy GR, Roodman GD: Interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor stimulate the formation of human osteoclast-like cells in vitro. J Bone Miner Res 1989, 4:113-118.
    • (1989) J Bone Miner Res , vol.4 , pp. 113-118
    • Pfeilschifter, J.1    Chenu, P.2    Bird, A.3    Mundy, G.R.4    Roodman, G.D.5
  • 20
  • 21
    • 0024404268 scopus 로고
    • Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and PTH-like protein (PLP) stimulate IL-6 production by osteogenic cells: A possible role of interleukin-6 in osteoclastogenesis
    • Lowik CWGM, Van der Plujim G, Bloys H, Hoekeman K, Bijvoet OLM, Aarden LA, Papapoulos SE: Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and PTH-like protein (PLP) stimulate IL-6 production by osteogenic cells: a possible role of interleukin-6 in osteoclastogenesis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1993, 162:1546-1552.
    • (1993) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.162 , pp. 1546-1552
    • Lowik, C.W.G.M.1    Van Der Plujim, G.2    Bloys, H.3    Hoekeman, K.4    Bijvoet, O.L.M.5    Aarden, L.A.6    Papapoulos, S.E.7
  • 22
    • 0026516415 scopus 로고
    • 17β-estradiol inhibits interleukin-6 production by bone marrow-derived stromal cells and osteoblasts in vitro: A potential mechanism for the antiosteoporotic effect of estrogens
    • Girasole G, Jilka RL, Passeri G, Boswell S, Boder G, Williams DC, Manolagas SC: 17β-estradiol inhibits interleukin-6 production by bone marrow-derived stromal cells and osteoblasts in vitro: a potential mechanism for the antiosteoporotic effect of estrogens. J Clin Invest 1992, 89:883-891.
    • (1992) J Clin Invest , vol.89 , pp. 883-891
    • Girasole, G.1    Jilka, R.L.2    Passeri, G.3    Boswell, S.4    Boder, G.5    Williams, D.C.6    Manolagas, S.C.7
  • 27
    • 0028825141 scopus 로고
    • Increased cytokine secretion by human marrow cell after menopause or discontinuation of estrogen replacement
    • Bismar H, Diel I, Ziegler R, Pfeilschifter J: Increased cytokine secretion by human marrow cell after menopause or discontinuation of estrogen replacement. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995, 80:3351-3355.
    • (1995) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.80 , pp. 3351-3355
    • Bismar, H.1    Diel, I.2    Ziegler, R.3    Pfeilschifter, J.4
  • 28
    • 0030064975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokine production in the bone marrow microenvironment: Failure to demonstrate estrogen regulation in early postmenopausal women
    • Kassem M, Khosla S, Spelsberg TC, Riggs BL: Cytokine production in the bone marrow microenvironment: failure to demonstrate estrogen regulation in early postmenopausal women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1996, 81:513-518.
    • (1996) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.81 , pp. 513-518
    • Kassem, M.1    Khosla, S.2    Spelsberg, T.C.3    Riggs, B.L.4
  • 29
    • 0025838316 scopus 로고
    • Modulation of transforming growth factor-beta production in normal human osteoblast-like cells by 17 beta-estradiol and parathyroid hormone
    • Oursler MJ, Cortese C, Keeting P, Anderson MA, Bonde SK, Riggs BL, Speisberg TC: Modulation of transforming growth factor-beta production in normal human osteoblast-like cells by 17 beta-estradiol and parathyroid hormone. Endocrinology 1991, 129:3313-3320.
    • (1991) Endocrinology , vol.129 , pp. 3313-3320
    • Oursler, M.J.1    Cortese, C.2    Keeting, P.3    Anderson, M.A.4    Bonde, S.K.5    Riggs, B.L.6    Speisberg, T.C.7
  • 30
    • 0029798819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen promotes apoptosis of murine osteoclasts mediated by TGF-β
    • Hughes DE, Dai A, Tiffee JC, Li HH, Mundy GR, Boyce BF: Estrogen promotes apoptosis of murine osteoclasts mediated by TGF-β. Nature Med 1996, 2:1132-1136. This is the first demonstration that estrogen increases osteoclast apoptosis in vitro and in vivo and that this effect is likely to be mediated by increased production of TGF-β. This study also shows that tamoxifen, which acts as a weak agonist in bone, had effects similar to those of 17β-estradiol on osteoclast apoptosis.
    • (1996) Nature Med , vol.2 , pp. 1132-1136
    • Hughes, D.E.1    Dai, A.2    Tiffee, J.C.3    Li, H.H.4    Mundy, G.R.5    Boyce, B.F.6
  • 31
    • 0029841146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of an estrogen response element activated by metabolites of 17β-estradiol and raloxifene
    • Yang NN, Venugopalan M, Hardikar S, Glasebrook A: Identification of an estrogen response element activated by metabolites of 17β-estradiol and raloxifene. Science 1996, 273:1222-1225. This study explores the pathways for the modulation of gene transcription by metabolites of 17β-estradiol and raloxifene (an estrogen analog). In osteosarcoma cells, raloxifene was more likely to activate the TGFβ3 gene than was 17β-estradiol. This activation, which required the estrogen receptor, was not dependent on the DNA binding domain of the estrogen receptor. The authors identified a specific sequence, called raloxifene response element, which was necessary for gene activation. The modulation of multiple DNA response elements may explain the tissue-selective agonist or antagonist activity of estrogen analogs.
    • (1996) Science , vol.273 , pp. 1222-1225
    • Yang, N.N.1    Venugopalan, M.2    Hardikar, S.3    Glasebrook, A.4
  • 32
    • 0006990236 scopus 로고
    • Prevention of postmenopausal bone loss by long-term patenteral administration of 17β estradiol: Comparison of percutaneous and transdermal route
    • Edited by DeLuca H, Mazess R. New York: Elsevier Science Publishing
    • Ribot C, Trémollieres F, Pouilles JM: Prevention of postmenopausal bone loss by long-term patenteral administration of 17β estradiol: comparison of percutaneous and transdermal route. In Osteoporosis: Physiological Basis, Assessment and Treatment. Edited by DeLuca H, Mazess R. New York: Elsevier Science Publishing; 1989:137-145.
    • (1989) Osteoporosis: Physiological Basis, Assessment and Treatment , pp. 137-145
    • Ribot, C.1    Trémollieres, F.2    Pouilles, J.M.3
  • 34
    • 0023134170 scopus 로고
    • The effect of percutaneous estradiol and natural progesterone on postmenopausal bone loss
    • Riis BJ, Thomsen K, Strom V, Christiansen C: The effect of percutaneous estradiol and natural progesterone on postmenopausal bone loss. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1987, 156:61-64.
    • (1987) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.156 , pp. 61-64
    • Riis, B.J.1    Thomsen, K.2    Strom, V.3    Christiansen, C.4
  • 35
    • 0025905957 scopus 로고
    • Effect of progestin therapy on cortical and trabecular bone: Comparison with estrogen
    • Gallagher JC, Kable WT: Effect of progestin therapy on cortical and trabecular bone: comparison with estrogen. Am J Med 1991, 90:171-178.
    • (1991) Am J Med , vol.90 , pp. 171-178
    • Gallagher, J.C.1    Kable, W.T.2
  • 36
    • 0002033625 scopus 로고
    • Traitement hormonal et prévention de l'ostéoporose post-ménopausique: Analyse critique
    • Edited by Caulin C, Chastang C, Kuntz D. Paris: Springer-Verlag
    • Ribot C, Trémollieres F, Pouilles JM: Traitement hormonal et prévention de l'ostéoporose post-ménopausique: analyse critique. In Evaluation des Traitements de la Ménopause. Edited by Caulin C, Chastang C, Kuntz D. Paris: Springer-Verlag; 1992:61-71.
    • (1992) Evaluation des Traitements de la Ménopause , pp. 61-71
    • Ribot, C.1    Trémollieres, F.2    Pouilles, J.M.3
  • 37
    • 0028860231 scopus 로고
    • Estrogen replacement therapy in older women
    • Cauley JA, Seeley DG, Ensrud K, Ettinger B, Black D, Cummings SR: Estrogen replacement therapy in older women. Arch Intern Med 1995, 122:9-16. This prospective cohort study of 9704 white women 65 years of age or older demonstrated that current estrogen use is associated with a decrease in the risk for all nonspinal fractures. Estrogen was found to be most effective in preventing hip fracture among those older than 75 years of age. When ERT was started after 5 years of menopause, even long-term users had no significant reduction in the risk for all nonspinal fractures. These results suggest that ERT should be initiated soon after menopause and continued indefinitely.
    • (1995) Arch Intern Med , vol.122 , pp. 9-16
    • Cauley, J.A.1    Seeley, D.G.2    Ensrud, K.3    Ettinger, B.4    Black, D.5    Cummings, S.R.6
  • 42
    • 0028298802 scopus 로고
    • Myocardial infarction and coronary deaths in the World Health Organization-MONICA project
    • Tunstall-Pedoe H, Kuuslasmaa K, Amouyel P: Myocardial infarction and coronary deaths in the World Health Organization-MONICA project. Circulation 1994, 90:583-612.
    • (1994) Circulation , vol.90 , pp. 583-612
    • Tunstall-Pedoe, H.1    Kuuslasmaa, K.2    Amouyel, P.3
  • 43
    • 0022345603 scopus 로고
    • Postmenopausal estrogen use, cigarette smoking and cardiovascular morbidity in women over 50: The Framingham Study
    • Wilson PW, Garrison RJ, Castelli WP: Postmenopausal estrogen use, cigarette smoking and cardiovascular morbidity in women over 50: the Framingham Study. N Engl J Mad 1985, 313:1038-1043.
    • (1985) N Engl J Mad , vol.313 , pp. 1038-1043
    • Wilson, P.W.1    Garrison, R.J.2    Castelli, W.P.3
  • 44
    • 77957126077 scopus 로고
    • Effects of estrogen or estrogen/progestin regimens on heart disease risk factors in postmenopausal women: The Postmenopausal Estrogen/Progestin Interventions (PEPI) trial
    • The Writing Group for the PEPI Trial: Effects of estrogen or estrogen/progestin regimens on heart disease risk factors in postmenopausal women: the Postmenopausal Estrogen/Progestin Interventions (PEPI) trial. JAMA 1995, 273:199-208. This first double-blind, placebo-controlled study performed in a large population over 3 years demonstrates the beneficial effect of various estrogen/progestin regimens on lipid profiles and fibrinogen levels. The addition of progestin did not alter estrogen's beneficial effect of lipid profiles.
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.273 , pp. 199-208
  • 46
    • 0025223339 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of coronary artery atherosclerosis by 17β estradiol in ovariectomized monkeys: Lack of an effect of added progesterone
    • Adams MR, Kaplan JR, Manuck SB: Inhibition of coronary artery atherosclerosis by 17β estradiol in ovariectomized monkeys: lack of an effect of added progesterone. Arteriosclerosis 1990, 10:151-157.
    • (1990) Arteriosclerosis , vol.10 , pp. 151-157
    • Adams, M.R.1    Kaplan, J.R.2    Manuck, S.B.3
  • 49
  • 51
    • 0023226646 scopus 로고
    • Noncontraceptive estrogens and mortality: Long term follow-up of women in the Walnut Creek Study
    • Petiti DB, Perlman JA, Sidney S: Noncontraceptive estrogens and mortality: long term follow-up of women in the Walnut Creek Study. Obstet Gynecol 1987, 70:289-293.
    • (1987) Obstet Gynecol , vol.70 , pp. 289-293
    • Petiti, D.B.1    Perlman, J.A.2    Sidney, S.3
  • 52
    • 0026016029 scopus 로고
    • Decreased mortality in users of estrogen replacement therapy
    • Henderson BE, Paganini-Hill A, Ross RK: Decreased mortality in users of estrogen replacement therapy. Arch Intern Med 1991, 151:75-78.
    • (1991) Arch Intern Med , vol.151 , pp. 75-78
    • Henderson, B.E.1    Paganini-Hill, A.2    Ross, R.K.3
  • 53
    • 0027463811 scopus 로고
    • Decreased risk of stroke among postmenopausal hormone users: Results from a national cohort
    • Finucane FF, Madans JH, Bush TL, Wolf PH, Kleinman JC: Decreased risk of stroke among postmenopausal hormone users: results from a national cohort. Arch Intern Med 1993, 153:73-79.
    • (1993) Arch Intern Med , vol.153 , pp. 73-79
    • Finucane, F.F.1    Madans, J.H.2    Bush, T.L.3    Wolf, P.H.4    Kleinman, J.C.5
  • 54
    • 0030581589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of venous thromboembolism in users of hormone replacement therapy
    • Daly E, Vessey MP, Hawkins MM, Carson JL, Gough P, Marsh S: Risk of venous thromboembolism in users of hormone replacement therapy. Lancet 1996, 348:977-980.
    • (1996) Lancet , vol.348 , pp. 977-980
    • Daly, E.1    Vessey, M.P.2    Hawkins, M.M.3    Carson, J.L.4    Gough, P.5    Marsh, S.6
  • 55
    • 0030581586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of hospital admission for idiopathic venous thromboembolism among users of postmenopausal oestrogen
    • Jick H, Derby LE, Myers MW, Vasilakis C, Newton KM: Risk of hospital admission for idiopathic venous thromboembolism among users of postmenopausal oestrogen. Lancet 1996, 348:981-983.
    • (1996) Lancet , vol.348 , pp. 981-983
    • Jick, H.1    Derby, L.E.2    Myers, M.W.3    Vasilakis, C.4    Newton, K.M.5
  • 57
    • 0026551310 scopus 로고
    • Estrogen receptors colocalize, with low affinity nerve growth factor receptors in cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain
    • Toran-Allerand CD, Miranda RC, Bentham WD: Estrogen receptors colocalize, with low affinity nerve growth factor receptors in cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1992, 89:4668-4672.
    • (1992) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.89 , pp. 4668-4672
    • Toran-Allerand, C.D.1    Miranda, R.C.2    Bentham, W.D.3
  • 58
    • 0022348964 scopus 로고
    • Distribution and regulation of aromatase activity in the rat hypothalamus and limbic system
    • Roselli CE, Horton LE, Resko JA: Distribution and regulation of aromatase activity in the rat hypothalamus and limbic system. Endocrinology 1985, 117:2471-2477.
    • (1985) Endocrinology , vol.117 , pp. 2471-2477
    • Roselli, C.E.1    Horton, L.E.2    Resko, J.A.3
  • 59
    • 0028085516 scopus 로고
    • Estrogen deficiency and risk of Alzheimer's disease in women
    • Paganini-Hill A, Henderson VW: Estrogen deficiency and risk of Alzheimer's disease in women. Am J Epidemiol 1994, 140:256-261.
    • (1994) Am J Epidemiol , vol.140 , pp. 256-261
    • Paganini-Hill, A.1    Henderson, V.W.2
  • 61
    • 0030591669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of oestrogen during menopause on risk and age at onset of Alzheimer's disease
    • Tang MX, Jacobs D, Stern Y, Marder K, Schofiel P, Gurland B, Andrews H, Mayeux R: Effect of oestrogen during menopause on risk and age at onset of Alzheimer's disease. Lancet 1996, 348:429-432. This population-based study performed in elderly women shows that the relative risk of Alzheimer's disease was significantly reduced (by 60%) among estrogen users compared with nonusers. The age of onset of the disease was significantly later in women who had taken estrogen than in those who had not. Estrogen use in postmenopausal women might thus delay the onset and decrease the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
    • (1996) Lancet , vol.348 , pp. 429-432
    • Tang, M.X.1    Jacobs, D.2    Stern, Y.3    Marder, K.4    Schofiel, P.5    Gurland, B.6    Andrews, H.7    Mayeux, R.8
  • 62
    • 0029900525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Add-back" estrogen reverses cognitive deficits induced by a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist in women with leiomyomata uteri
    • Sherwin BB, Tulandi T: "Add-back" estrogen reverses cognitive deficits induced by a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist in women with leiomyomata uteri. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1996, 81:2545-2549.
    • (1996) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.81 , pp. 2545-2549
    • Sherwin, B.B.1    Tulandi, T.2
  • 63
    • 0029886801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of estrogen replacement therapy on response to tacrine in patients with Alzheimer's disease
    • Schneider LS, Farlow MR, Henderson VW, Pogoda JM: Effects of estrogen replacement therapy on response to tacrine in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Neurology 1996, 46:1580-1584.
    • (1996) Neurology , vol.46 , pp. 1580-1584
    • Schneider, L.S.1    Farlow, M.R.2    Henderson, V.W.3    Pogoda, J.M.4
  • 64
    • 0028144602 scopus 로고
    • Estrogen differentially regulates estrogen and nerve growth factor receptor mRNAs in adult sensory neurons
    • Sohrabji F, Miranda RC, Toran-Allard CD: Estrogen differentially regulates estrogen and nerve growth factor receptor mRNAs in adult sensory neurons. J Neurosci 1994, 14:459-471.
    • (1994) J Neurosci , vol.14 , pp. 459-471
    • Sohrabji, F.1    Miranda, R.C.2    Toran-Allard, C.D.3
  • 65
    • 0028918161 scopus 로고
    • The effect of ovariectomy and estradiol replacement on brain-derived neurotrophic factor messenger ribonucleic acid expression in cortical and hippocampal brain regions of female Sprague-Dawley rats
    • Singh M, Meyer EM, Simpkins JW: The effect of ovariectomy and estradiol replacement on brain-derived neurotrophic factor messenger ribonucleic acid expression in cortical and hippocampal brain regions of female Sprague-Dawley rats. Endocrinology 1995, 136:2320-2324.
    • (1995) Endocrinology , vol.136 , pp. 2320-2324
    • Singh, M.1    Meyer, E.M.2    Simpkins, J.W.3
  • 66
    • 0029924284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogens attenuate and corticosterone exacerbates excitotoxicity, oxidative injury and amyloid β-peptide toxicity of hippocampal neurons
    • Goodman Y, Bruce AJ, Cheng B, Mattson MP: Estrogens attenuate and corticosterone exacerbates excitotoxicity, oxidative injury and amyloid β-peptide toxicity of hippocampal neurons. J Neurochem 1996, 66:1836-1844.
    • (1996) J Neurochem , vol.66 , pp. 1836-1844
    • Goodman, Y.1    Bruce, A.J.2    Cheng, B.3    Mattson, M.P.4
  • 68
    • 0018848897 scopus 로고
    • Immunochemical demonstration of increased choline acetyltransferase concentration in rat preoptic area after estradiol administration
    • Luine V, Park F, Joh T: Immunochemical demonstration of increased choline acetyltransferase concentration in rat preoptic area after estradiol administration. Brain Res 1980, 191:273-277.
    • (1980) Brain Res , vol.191 , pp. 273-277
    • Luine, V.1    Park, F.2    Joh, T.3
  • 69
    • 0021861330 scopus 로고
    • Estradiol increases choline acetyltransferase activity in specific basal forebrain nuclei and projection areas in female rats
    • Luine VN: Estradiol increases choline acetyltransferase activity in specific basal forebrain nuclei and projection areas in female rats. Exp Neurol 1985, 89:484-490.
    • (1985) Exp Neurol , vol.89 , pp. 484-490
    • Luine, V.N.1
  • 70
    • 0028224213 scopus 로고
    • Ovarian steroid deprivation results in a reversible learning impairment and compromised cholinergic function in female Sprague-Dawley rats
    • Singh M, Meyer EM, Millard WJ, Simpkins JW: Ovarian steroid deprivation results in a reversible learning impairment and compromised cholinergic function in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Brain Res 1994, 644:305-312.
    • (1994) Brain Res , vol.644 , pp. 305-312
    • Singh, M.1    Meyer, E.M.2    Millard, W.J.3    Simpkins, J.W.4
  • 71
    • 0028342424 scopus 로고
    • Estrogen regulates metabolism of Alzheimer's amyloid beta precursor protein
    • Jaffe AB, Toran-Allerand CD, Greengard P, Gandy SE: Estrogen regulates metabolism of Alzheimer's amyloid beta precursor protein. J Biol Chem 1994, 269:13065-13068.
    • (1994) J Biol Chem , vol.269 , pp. 13065-13068
    • Jaffe, A.B.1    Toran-Allerand, C.D.2    Greengard, P.3    Gandy, S.E.4
  • 75
    • 0022553807 scopus 로고
    • Conjugated estrogen and risk of endometrial cancer
    • Buring JE, Bain CJ, Ehrmann RL: Conjugated estrogen and risk of endometrial cancer. Am J Epidemiol 1986, 124:434-441.
    • (1986) Am J Epidemiol , vol.124 , pp. 434-441
    • Buring, J.E.1    Bain, C.J.2    Ehrmann, R.L.3
  • 76
    • 0024515776 scopus 로고
    • Endometrial cancer and patterns of use of oestrogen replacement therapy: A cohort study
    • Paganini-Hill A, Ross R, Henderson B: Endometrial cancer and patterns of use of oestrogen replacement therapy: a cohort study. Br J Cancer 1989, 59:445-447.
    • (1989) Br J Cancer , vol.59 , pp. 445-447
    • Paganini-Hill, A.1    Ross, R.2    Henderson, B.3
  • 77
    • 0025742668 scopus 로고
    • Progestogen supplementation of exogenous oestrogens and risk of endometrial cancer
    • Voigr LF, Weiss NS, Chu J, Daling JR, McKnight B, Van Belle G: Progestogen supplementation of exogenous oestrogens and risk of endometrial cancer. Lancet 1991, 338:274-277.
    • (1991) Lancet , vol.338 , pp. 274-277
    • Voigr, L.F.1    Weiss, N.S.2    Chu, J.3    Daling, J.R.4    McKnight, B.5    Van Belle, G.6
  • 78
    • 0028244156 scopus 로고
    • Incidence of endometrial hyperplasia in postmenopausal women taking continuous combined or sequential regimens of conjugated estrogens with medroxyprogesterone acetate
    • Woodruff J, Pickar J: Incidence of endometrial hyperplasia in postmenopausal women taking continuous combined or sequential regimens of conjugated estrogens with medroxyprogesterone acetate. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1994, 170:1213-1223.
    • (1994) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.170 , pp. 1213-1223
    • Woodruff, J.1    Pickar, J.2
  • 80
    • 0029060066 scopus 로고
    • Combined estrogen and progestin hormone replacement therapy in relation to risk of breast cancer in middle-aged women
    • Stanford JL, Weiss NS, Voigt LF, Daling JR, Habel LA, Rossing MA: Combined estrogen and progestin hormone replacement therapy in relation to risk of breast cancer in middle-aged women. JAMA 1995, 274:137-142.
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.274 , pp. 137-142
    • Stanford, J.L.1    Weiss, N.S.2    Voigt, L.F.3    Daling, J.R.4    Habel, L.A.5    Rossing, M.A.6
  • 81
    • 0029162176 scopus 로고
    • Hormonal replacement therapy and morbidity and mortality in a prospective study of postmenopausal women
    • Folsom AR, Mink PJ, Sellers TA, Hong CP, Zheng W, Potter JD: Hormonal replacement therapy and morbidity and mortality in a prospective study of postmenopausal women. Am J Public Health 1995, 85:1128-1132.
    • (1995) Am J Public Health , vol.85 , pp. 1128-1132
    • Folsom, A.R.1    Mink, P.J.2    Sellers, T.A.3    Hong, C.P.4    Zheng, W.5    Potter, J.D.6
  • 82
    • 0031036671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medical expenditures for the treatment of osteoporotic fractures in the United States in 1995: Report from the National Osteoporosis Foundation
    • Ray NF, Chan JK, Thamer M, Melton LJ III: Medical expenditures for the treatment of osteoporotic fractures in the United States in 1995: report from the National Osteoporosis Foundation. J Bone Miner Res 1997, 12:24-35.
    • (1997) J Bone Miner Res , vol.12 , pp. 24-35
    • Ray, N.F.1    Chan, J.K.2    Thamer, M.3    Melton III, L.J.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.